Volcanic Processes


Volcanic Processes
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Modeling Volcanic Processes


Modeling Volcanic Processes
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Author : Sarah A. Fagents
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-03-14

Modeling Volcanic Processes written by Sarah A. Fagents and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.


Understanding the physical behavior of volcanoes is key to mitigating the hazards active volcanoes pose to the ever-increasing populations living nearby. The processes involved in volcanic eruptions are driven by a series of interlinked physical phenomena, and to fully understand these, volcanologists must employ various physics subdisciplines. This book provides the first advanced-level, one-stop resource examining the physics of volcanic behavior and reviewing the state-of-the-art in modeling volcanic processes. Each chapter begins by explaining simple modeling formulations and progresses to present cutting-edge research illustrated by case studies. Individual chapters cover subsurface magmatic processes through to eruption in various environments and conclude with the application of modeling to understanding the other volcanic planets of our Solar System. Providing an accessible and practical text for graduate students of physical volcanology, this book is also an important resource for researchers and professionals in the fields of volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry, petrology and natural hazards.



Volcanic Processes


Volcanic Processes
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Author : Flavio Dobran
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Volcanic Processes written by Flavio Dobran and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


Volcanic eruptions are fascinating manifestations of the Earth's dynamic inte rior which has been cooling for the past several billion years. The planets of the solar system originated some 4.5 billion years ago from the same gas and dust cloud created by the big bang. Some of the gas collapsed by the gravitational force to form the Sun at the center, while the whirling disk of gas and dust around the Sun subsequently cooled and lumped together to form larger and larger lumps of materials or planetesimals. These planetesimals collided fre quently and violently and in the process liberated heat that melted the material in them. With time this material gradually cooled and formed the planets of the solar system. During the second half of the twentieth century the theory of plate tectonics of the Earth became established and demonstrated that our planet is covered with six large and many small plates of the lithosphere. These plates move over a highly viscous lower part of the Earth's upper mantle and contain the continental and oceanic crusts. The lower mantle extends below the upper mantle until it meets the core that is more than half the diameter of the entire globe (12,740 km). The inner core consists mostly of iron and its temperature is about 5000 kelvin, whereas the liquid outer core is turbulent, rotates faster than the mantle, consists primarily of iron, and is the source of the Earth's magnetic field.



Volcanic Processes


Volcanic Processes
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Author : Laura Loria
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2017-12-15

Volcanic Processes written by Laura Loria and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-15 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.


Destructive and awe-inspiring, the eruption of a volcano is a dramatic demonstration of nature's power. However, there is much more to the process than what we see on the surface. Readers will explore the geological structure that makes volcanic activity possible and follow the sequence of events that culminate in an eruption. In addition to eruptions, this text examines other geothermal activities, the benefits of which may surprise young readers. It includes vivid photographs to heighten interest and clear diagrams to enhance comprehension.



Modeling Of Volcanic Processes


Modeling Of Volcanic Processes
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Author : Chi-Yu King
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Modeling Of Volcanic Processes written by Chi-Yu King and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.




Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Processes And Risk


Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Processes And Risk
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Author : Francesca Cigna
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-03-17

Remote Sensing Of Volcanic Processes And Risk written by Francesca Cigna and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-17 with Science categories.


Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being implemented in assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity. This book includes research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify to the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The added value of the papers lies in the demonstration of how remote sensing can improve our knowledge of volcanoes that pose a threat to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, the selected case studies also demonstrate the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially have on volcanic hazard and risk management.



Remote Sensing Of Volcanoes And Volcanic Processes


Remote Sensing Of Volcanoes And Volcanic Processes
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Author : D.M. Pyle
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2014-01-06

Remote Sensing Of Volcanoes And Volcanic Processes written by D.M. Pyle and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-06 with Science categories.


This volume focuses on how advances in both remote sensing and modelling can be brought together to improve our understanding of the behaviour of active volcanoes. It includes review papers, papers reporting technical advances and case studies showing how the integration of remote-sensing observations with models can be put to good use.



Volcanic Processes In The Sedimentary Record


Volcanic Processes In The Sedimentary Record
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Author : A. Di Capua
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2023-04-18

Volcanic Processes In The Sedimentary Record written by A. Di Capua and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-18 with Science categories.


Volcanoes and sedimentary systems are linked by a strong relationship. The ascent and eruption of magma liberates large volumes of material, through a variety of mechanisms, to the surrounding environment, with subsequent sediment input and transport influencing the evolution of that environment. This connection between volcanism and adjacent sedimentary systems has long attracted the attention of geologists, giving rise to an increasing body of academic research over the past three decades. Volcanic Processes in the Sedimentary Record: When Volcanoes Meet the Environment collects innovative works exploring how volcanoes and sedimentary systems interact, moving from the processes directly associated with eruptive behaviour, to the most distal sedimentary offshoots, where volcanogenic particles are accumulated during or after volcanic activity. In doing this, different volcanic and environmental settings are explored, travelling through space and time, showing how volcaniclastic detritus is produced and dispersed by volcanic, volcano-sedimentary and sedimentary mechanisms, via processes affecting development of volcanic edifices themselves through to the most distal depocentres.



Volcanic Plumes


Volcanic Plumes
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Author : Pasquale Sellitto
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-03-21

Volcanic Plumes written by Pasquale Sellitto and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-21 with Science categories.


Volcanoes release plumes of gas and ash to the atmosphere during episodes of passive and explosive behavior. These ejecta have important implications for the chemistry and composition of the troposphere and stratosphere, with the capacity to alter Earth's radiation budget and climate system over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanogenic sulphur dioxide reacts to form sulphate aerosols, which increase global albedo, e.g., by reducing surface temperatures, in addition to perturbing the formation processes and optical properties of clouds. Released halogen species can also deplete stratospheric and tropospheric ozone. Volcanic degassing, furthermore, played a key role in the formation of Earth’s atmosphere, and volcanic plumes can affect air quality, pose hazards to aviation and human health, as well as damage ecosystems. The chemical compositions and emission rates of volcanic plumes are also monitored via a range of direct-sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation, in order to gain insights into subterranean processes, in the respect of the magmatic bodies these volatiles exsolve from. Given the significant role these gases play in driving volcanic activity, e.g., via pressurisation, the study of volcanic plumes is proving to be an increasingly fruitful means of improving our understanding of volcanic systems, potentially in concert with observations from geophysics and contributions from fluid dynamical modelling of conduit dynamics. This Special Issue is aimed at presenting the state of the art of the multidisciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic plumes, of relevance to the volcanology, climatology, atmospheric science, and remote sensing communities.



Minerals Inclusions And Volcanic Processes


Minerals Inclusions And Volcanic Processes
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Author : Keith D. Putirka
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17

Minerals Inclusions And Volcanic Processes written by Keith D. Putirka and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.


Volume 69 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry covers the fundamental issues of volcanology: At what depths are eruptions triggered, and over what time scales? Where and why do magmas coalesce before ascent? If magmas stagnate for thousands of years, what forces are responsible for initiating final ascent, or the degassing processes that accelerate upward motion? To the extent that we can answer these questions, we move towards formulating tests of mechanistic models of volcanic eruptions (e.g., Wilson, 1980; Slezin, 2003; Scandone et al., 2007), and hypotheses of the tectonic controls on magma transport (e.g., ten Brink and Brocher, 1987; Takada, 1994; Putirka and Busby, 2007). Our goal, in part, is to review how minerals can be used to understand volcanic systems and the processes that shape them; we also hope that this work will spur new and integrated studies of volcanic systems.



Modeling Volcanic Processes


Modeling Volcanic Processes
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Author : Sarah A. Fagents
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Modeling Volcanic Processes written by Sarah A. Fagents and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Electronic books categories.


An advanced textbook and reference resource examining the physics of volcanic behavior and the state of the art in modeling volcanic processes.