Big data, penser l’homme et le monde autrement

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Author : Gilles Babinet
Genre : Social Science

Summary : Une révolution industrielle et sociétale est en cours, elle se nomme " data ". Un livre pour comprendre ses enjeux et son impact, actuel et futur, sur nos existences. " Big Data " : un mot que l'on entend sans cesse sans vraiment savoir ce dont il s'agit. Pourtant, les données sont partout : issues de nos réseaux sociaux, de notre téléphone mobile, de notre passage en caisse, de l'utilisation d'une carte de transport, etc. Toutes ces données en disent beaucoup plus sur nous que nous ne le croyons. Dans cet essai, Gilles Babinet montre que ces données peuvent être utilisées tant pour développer des outils marketing perfectionnés que pour améliorer les prises en charge médicales, permettre aux villes de mieux gérer leurs ressources ou encore pour allier productivité agricole et développement durable. La donnée pourrait bien être l'une des énergies motrices d'une nouvelle révolution industrielle et sociétale qui se profile. Pour autant, cela soulève de nombreuses questions. Sommes-nous sur le point d'entrer dans une société semblable à celle que décrit George Orwell dans 1984 ? Quels facteurs permettraient à une société démocratique et respectueuse des libertés individuelles de bénéficier de cette nouvelle technologie ? Gilles Babinet fait la lumière sur ces questions en rappelant sans cesse que ce ne sont pas les technologies qui façonnent l'humanité, mais bien l'usage que l'on choisit, collectivement, d'en faire.

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Author : Jérôme Béranger
Genre : Medical

Summary : Faced with the exponential development of Big Data and both its legal and economic repercussions, we are still slightly in the dark concerning the use of digital information. In the perpetual balance between confidentiality and transparency, this data will lead us to call into question how we understand certain paradigms, such as the Hippocratic Oath in medicine. As a consequence, a reflection on the study of the risks associated with the ethical issues surrounding the design and manipulation of this “massive data seems to be essential. This book provides a direction and ethical value to these significant volumes of data. It proposes an ethical analysis model and recommendations to better keep this data in check. This empirical and ethico-technical approach brings together the first aspects of a moral framework directed toward thought, conscience and the responsibility of citizens concerned by the use of data of a personal nature. Defines Big Data applications in health Presents the ethical value of the medical datasphere via the description of a model of an ethical analysis of Big Data Provides the recommendations and steps necessary for successful management and governance of personal health data Helps readers determine what conditions are essential for the development of the study of Big Data

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Author : Cassidy R. Sugimoto
Genre : Language Arts & Disciplines

Summary : Perspectives on the varied challenges posed by big data for health, science, law, commerce, and politics. Big data is ubiquitous but heterogeneous. Big data can be used to tally clicks and traffic on web pages, find patterns in stock trades, track consumer preferences, identify linguistic correlations in large corpuses of texts. This book examines big data not as an undifferentiated whole but contextually, investigating the varied challenges posed by big data for health, science, law, commerce, and politics. Taken together, the chapters reveal a complex set of problems, practices, and policies. The advent of big data methodologies has challenged the theory-driven approach to scientific knowledge in favor of a data-driven one. Social media platforms and self-tracking tools change the way we see ourselves and others. The collection of data by corporations and government threatens privacy while promoting transparency. Meanwhile, politicians, policy makers, and ethicists are ill-prepared to deal with big data's ramifications. The contributors look at big data's effect on individuals as it exerts social control through monitoring, mining, and manipulation; big data and society, examining both its empowering and its constraining effects; big data and science, considering issues of data governance, provenance, reuse, and trust; and big data and organizations, discussing data responsibility, “data harm,” and decision making. Contributors Ryan Abbott, Cristina Alaimo, Kent R. Anderson, Mark Andrejevic, Diane E. Bailey, Mike Bailey, Mark Burdon, Fred H. Cate, Jorge L. Contreras, Simon DeDeo, Hamid R. Ekbia, Allison Goodwell, Jannis Kallinikos, Inna Kouper, M. Lynne Markus, Michael Mattioli, Paul Ohm, Scott Peppet, Beth Plale, Jason Portenoy, Julie Rennecker, Katie Shilton, Dan Sholler, Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Isuru Suriarachchi, Jevin D. West

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Author : Singh, Manoj Kumar
Genre : Computers

Summary : “Big data” has become a commonly used term to describe large-scale and complex data sets which are difficult to manage and analyze using standard data management methodologies. With applications across sectors and fields of study, the implementation and possible uses of big data are limitless. Effective Big Data Management and Opportunities for Implementation explores emerging research on the ever-growing field of big data and facilitates further knowledge development on methods for handling and interpreting large data sets. Providing multi-disciplinary perspectives fueled by international research, this publication is designed for use by data analysts, IT professionals, researchers, and graduate-level students interested in learning about the latest trends and concepts in big data.

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Author : Viktor Mayer-Schonberger
Genre : Business & Economics

Summary : New and expanded edition. An International Bestseller - Over One Million Copies Sold! Shortlisted for the Financial Times/Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award. Since Aristotle, we have fought to understand the causes behind everything. But this ideology is fading. In the age of big data, we can crunch an incomprehensible amount of information, providing us with invaluable insights about the what rather than the why. We're just starting to reap the benefits: tracking vital signs to foresee deadly infections, predicting building fires, anticipating the best moment to buy a plane ticket, seeing inflation in real time and monitoring social media in order to identify trends. But there is a dark side to big data. Will it be machines, rather than people, that make the decisions? How do you regulate an algorithm? What will happen to privacy? Will individuals be punished for acts they have yet to commit? In this groundbreaking and fascinating book, two of the world's most-respected data experts reveal the reality of a big data world and outline clear and actionable steps that will equip the reader with the tools needed for this next phase of human evolution.

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Author : Peter Ghavami
Genre : Business & Economics

Summary : Data analytics is core to business and decision making. The rapid increase in data volume, velocity and variety offers both opportunities and challenges. While open source solutions to store big data, like Hadoop, offer platforms for exploring value and insight from big data, they were not originally developed with data security and governance in mind. Big Data Management discusses numerous policies, strategies and recipes for managing big data. It addresses data security, privacy, controls and life cycle management offering modern principles and open source architectures for successful governance of big data. The author has collected best practices from the world’s leading organizations that have successfully implemented big data platforms. The topics discussed cover the entire data management life cycle, data quality, data stewardship, regulatory considerations, data council, architectural and operational models are presented for successful management of big data. The book is a must-read for data scientists, data engineers and corporate leaders who are implementing big data platforms in their organizations.

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Author : Paul Zikopoulos
Genre : Computers

Summary : Boost your Big Data IQ! Gain insight into how to govern and consume IBM’s unique in-motion and at-rest Big Data analytic capabilities Big Data represents a new era of computing—an inflection point of opportunity where data in any format may be explored and utilized for breakthrough insights—whether that data is in-place, in-motion, or at-rest. IBM is uniquely positioned to help clients navigate this transformation. This book reveals how IBM is infusing open source Big Data technologies with IBM innovation that manifest in a platform capable of "changing the game." The four defining characteristics of Big Data—volume, variety, velocity, and veracity—are discussed. You’ll understand how IBM is fully committed to Hadoop and integrating it into the enterprise. Hear about how organizations are taking inventories of their existing Big Data assets, with search capabilities that help organizations discover what they could already know, and extend their reach into new data territories for unprecedented model accuracy and discovery. In this book you will also learn not just about the technologies that make up the IBM Big Data platform, but when to leverage its purpose-built engines for analytics on data in-motion and data at-rest. And you’ll gain an understanding of how and when to govern Big Data, and how IBM’s industry-leading InfoSphere integration and governance portfolio helps you understand, govern, and effectively utilize Big Data. Industry use cases are also included in this practical guide.

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Author : Balamurugan Balusamy
Genre : Mathematics

Summary : Learn Big Data from the ground up with this complete and up-to-date resource from leaders in the field Big Data: Concepts, Technology, and Architecture delivers a comprehensive treatment of Big Data tools, terminology, and technology perfectly suited to a wide range of business professionals, academic researchers, and students. Beginning with a fulsome overview of what we mean when we say, “Big Data,” the book moves on to discuss every stage of the lifecycle of Big Data. You’ll learn about the creation of structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data, data storage solutions, traditional database solutions like SQL, data processing, data analytics, machine learning, and data mining. You’ll also discover how specific technologies like Apache Hadoop, SQOOP, and Flume work. Big Data also covers the central topic of big data visualization with Tableau, and you’ll learn how to create scatter plots, histograms, bar, line, and pie charts with that software. Accessibly organized, Big Data includes illuminating case studies throughout the material, showing you how the included concepts have been applied in real-world settings. Some of those concepts include: The common challenges facing big data technology and technologists, like data heterogeneity and incompleteness, data volume and velocity, storage limitations, and privacy concerns Relational and non-relational databases, like RDBMS, NoSQL, and NewSQL databases Virtualizing Big Data through encapsulation, partitioning, and isolating, as well as big data server virtualization Apache software, including Hadoop, Cassandra, Avro, Pig, Mahout, Oozie, and Hive The Big Data analytics lifecycle, including business case evaluation, data preparation, extraction, transformation, analysis, and visualization Perfect for data scientists, data engineers, and database managers, Big Data also belongs on the bookshelves of business intelligence analysts who are required to make decisions based on large volumes of information. Executives and managers who lead teams responsible for keeping or understanding large datasets will also benefit from this book.

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Author : Aboul Ella Hassanien
Genre : Technology & Engineering

Summary : This volume provides challenges and Opportunities with updated, in-depth material on the application of Big data to complex systems in order to find solutions for the challenges and problems facing big data sets applications. Much data today is not natively in structured format; for example, tweets and blogs are weakly structured pieces of text, while images and video are structured for storage and display, but not for semantic content and search. Therefore transforming such content into a structured format for later analysis is a major challenge. Data analysis, organization, retrieval, and modeling are other foundational challenges treated in this book. The material of this book will be useful for researchers and practitioners in the field of big data as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Each of the 17 chapters in the book opens with a chapter abstract and key terms list. The chapters are organized along the lines of problem description, related works, and analysis of the results and comparisons are provided whenever feasible.

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Author : Brian Clegg
Genre : Science

Summary : Is the Brexit vote successful big data politics or the end of democracy? Why do airlines overbook, and why do banks get it wrong so often? How does big data enable Netflix to forecast a hit, CERN to find the Higgs boson and medics to discover if red wine really is good for you? And how are companies using big data to benefit from smart meters, use advertising that spies on you and develop the gig economy, where workers are managed by the whim of an algorithm? The volumes of data we now access can give unparalleled abilities to make predictions, respond to customer demand and solve problems. But Big Brother's shadow hovers over it. Though big data can set us free and enhance our lives, it has the potential to create an underclass and a totalitarian state. With big data ever-present, you can't afford to ignore it. Acclaimed science writer Brian Clegg - a habitual early adopter of new technology (and the owner of the second-ever copy of Windows in the UK) - brings big data to life.