Acidity And Basicity
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Acidity And Basicity In Chemistry
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Author : Saeed Farrokhpay
language : en
Publisher: Arcler Press
Release Date : 2022-12
Acidity And Basicity In Chemistry written by Saeed Farrokhpay and has been published by Arcler Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12 with categories.
Acids and bases are natural components that serve critical functions in health and business. They are used in the production of common household products such as salad dressings, carbonated soft drinks, bathroom and kitchen cleansers, and fertilizers. However, these chemicals may have dramatic effects, as seen in Venus' sulfuric acid clouds and grave wax, a natural material found in soil that mummifies human and animal and remains. This book examines these interesting, yet diametrically contrasting compounds in further detail, providing solid, real-world examples and several vivid graphics. Based on the notion that the most, if not all, reactions in organic and inorganic chemistry can be explained using variants of fundamental acid-base principles, this book gives a framework for learning the topic that transcends memorization. By utilizing a variety of strategies to foster relational knowledge, it enables students to thoroughly grasp the fundamental ideas of organic chemistry.
Acidity And Basicity Of Solids
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Author : Jacques P. Fraissard
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Release Date : 1994
Acidity And Basicity Of Solids written by Jacques P. Fraissard and has been published by Kluwer Academic Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Science categories.
Historically, technological developments that have made use of the acidity/basicity of solids have often preceded an understanding of the phenomena involved. This, of course, is very expensive, and a far less efficient process than research based on a fundamental understanding of the science. For the last 50 years, therefore, a vast amount of research has been devoted to the subject: the rewards, in terms of technological advantage, were seen to be high.
Acidity And Basicity
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Author : Eike Brunner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-02-20
Acidity And Basicity written by Eike Brunner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-20 with Science categories.
This is the first handbook on zeolites and other microporous materials. It is an up-to-date, highly sophisticated collection of information for those who deal with zeolites in industry or at academic institutions as well as being a guide for newcomers.
New Solid Acids And Bases
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Author : K. Tanabe
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1990-02-02
New Solid Acids And Bases written by K. Tanabe and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-02-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume summarises and reviews the enormous progress made over the past two decades in solid acids and bases, with emphasis on fundamental aspects and chemical principles. In recent years many new kinds of solid acids and bases have been found and synthesized. The surface properties (in particular, acidic and basic properties) and the structures of the new solids have been clarified by newly developed measurement methods using modern instruments and techniques. The characterized solid acids and bases have been applied as catalysts for diversified reactions, many good correlations being obtained between the acid-base properties and the catalytic activities or selectivities. Recently, acid-base bifunctional catalysis on solid surfaces is becoming a more and more important and intriguing field of study. It has been recognized that the acidic and basic properties of catalysts and catalyst supports play an important role in oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, hydrocracking, etc. The effect of the preparation method and the pretreatment conditions of solid acids and bases on the acidic and basic properties, the nature of acidic and basic sites and the mechanism regarding the generation of acidity and basicity have been elucidated experimentally and theoretically. On the basis of the accumulated knowledge of solid acids and bases, it is now possible to design and develop highly active and selective solid acid and base catalysts for particular reactions. The chemistry of solid acids and bases is now being related to and utilized in numerous areas including adsorbents, sensors, cosmetics, fuel cells, sensitized pressed papers, and others. The information presented in this book will therefore be of interest to a wide-ranging readership.
Acids And Bases
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Author : Brian G. Cox
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-01-31
Acids And Bases written by Brian G. Cox and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-31 with Science categories.
Acids and bases are ubiquitous in chemistry. Our understanding of them, however, is dominated by their behaviour in water. Transfer to non-aqueous solvents leads to profound changes in acid-base strengths and to the rates and equilibria of many processes: for example, synthetic reactions involving acids, bases and nucleophiles; isolation of pharmaceutical actives through salt formation; formation of zwitter- ions in amino acids; and chromatographic separation of substrates. This book seeks to enhance our understanding of acids and bases by reviewing and analysing their behaviour in non-aqueous solvents. The behaviour is related where possible to that in water, but correlations and contrasts between solvents are also presented. Fundamental background material is provided in the initial chapters: quantitative aspects of acid-base equilibria, including definitions and relationships between solution pH and species distribution; the influence of molecular structure on acid strengths; and acidity in aqueous solution. Solvent properties are reviewed, along with the magnitude of the interaction energies of solvent molecules with (especially) ions; the ability of solvents to participate in hydrogen bonding and to accept or donate electron pairs is seen to be crucial. Experimental methods for determining dissociation constants are described in detail. In the remaining chapters, dissociation constants of a wide range of acids in three distinct classes of solvents are discussed: protic solvents, such as alcohols, which are strong hydrogen-bond donors; basic, polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide; and low-basicity and low polarity solvents, such as acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran. Dissociation constants of individual acids vary over more than 20 orders of magnitude among the solvents, and there is a strong differentiation between the response of neutral and charged acids to solvent change. Ion-pairing and hydrogen-bonding equilibria, such as between phenol and phenoxide ions, play an increasingly important role as the solvent polarity decreases, and their influence on acid-base equilibria and salt formation is described.
Lewis Basicity And Affinity Scales
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Author : Christian Laurence
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-12-23
Lewis Basicity And Affinity Scales written by Christian Laurence and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-23 with Science categories.
The Lewis concept of acids and bases is discussed in every general, organic and inorganic chemistry textbook. This is usually just a descriptive treatment, as it is not possible to devise a single numerical scale suitable for all occasions. However quantitative Lewis acid-base chemistry can be developed by compiling reaction-specific basicity scales which can be used in specific branches of chemistry and biochemistry. Lewis Basicity and Affinity Scales: Data and Measurementbrings together for the first time a comprehensive range of Lewis basicity/affinity data in one volume. More than 2400 equilibrium constants of acid-base reactions, 1500 complexation enthalpies, and nearly 2000 infrared and ultraviolet shifts upon complexation are gathered together in 25 thermodynamic and spectroscopic scales of basicity and/or affinity. For each scale, the definition, the method of measurement, an exhaustive database, and a critical discussion are given. All the data have been critically examined; some have been re-measured; literature gaps have been filled by original measurements; and each scale has been made homogeneous. This collection of data will enable experimental chemists to better understand and predict the numerous chemical, physical and biological properties that depend upon Lewis basicity. Chemometricians will be able to apply their methods to the data matrices constructed from this book in order to identify the factors which influence basicity and basicity-dependent properties. In addition, measured experimental basicities and affinities are essential to computational chemists for the validation, calibration and establishment of reliable computational methods for quantifying and explaining intermolecular forces and the chemical bond. Lewis Basicity and Affinity Scales: Data and Measurement is an essential single-source desktop reference for research scientists, engineers, and students in academia, research institutes and industry, in all areas of chemistry from fundamental to applied research. "The book is a noteworthy piece of work and represents a timely and vast accumulation of knowledge regarding Lewis bases that brings together accurate thermodynamic and spectroscopic data on typical reference Lewis acids. As such, it should serve as a useful and general guide to basicity." J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 2011, 133, 642
Acid Base Balance
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Author : R. Hainsworth
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 1986
Acid Base Balance written by R. Hainsworth and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Acid-base equilibrium categories.
Superacids And Acidic Melts As Inorganic Chemical Reaction Media
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Author : Thomas A. O'Donnell
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
Release Date : 1993
Superacids And Acidic Melts As Inorganic Chemical Reaction Media written by Thomas A. O'Donnell and has been published by Wiley-VCH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Science categories.
The Lewis Acid Base Concepts
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Author : William B. Jensen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1979
The Lewis Acid Base Concepts written by William B. Jensen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Acid-base chemistry categories.
Physical Chemistry And Acid Base Properties Of Surfaces
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Author : Jean-Charles Joud
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-11-04
Physical Chemistry And Acid Base Properties Of Surfaces written by Jean-Charles Joud and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The first part of this book looks at the consequence of chemical and topological defects existing on real surfaces, which explain the wettability of super hydrophilc and super hydrophobic surfaces. There follows an in-depth analysis of the acido-basicity of surfaces with, as an illustration, different wettability experiments on real materials. The next chapter deals with various techniques enabling the measurement of acido basicity of the surfaces including IR and XPS technics. The last part of the book presents an electrochemical point of view which explains the surface charges of the oxide at contact with water or other electrolyte solutions in the frame of Bronsted acido-basicity concept. Various consequences are deduced from such analyses illustrated by original measurement of the point of zero charge or by understanding the basic principles of the electrowetting experiments.