Building Grounded Abstractions For Artificial Intelligence Programming


Building Grounded Abstractions For Artificial Intelligence Programming
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Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems


Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems
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Author : Lorenza Saitta
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-05

Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems written by Lorenza Saitta and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-05 with Computers categories.


Abstraction is a fundamental mechanism underlying both human and artificial perception, representation of knowledge, reasoning and learning. This mechanism plays a crucial role in many disciplines, notably Computer Programming, Natural and Artificial Vision, Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Art, and Cognitive Sciences. This book first provides the reader with an overview of the notions of abstraction proposed in various disciplines by comparing both commonalities and differences. After discussing the characterizing properties of abstraction, a formal model, the KRA model, is presented to capture them. This model makes the notion of abstraction easily applicable by means of the introduction of a set of abstraction operators and abstraction patterns, reusable across different domains and applications. It is the impact of abstraction in Artificial Intelligence, Complex Systems and Machine Learning which creates the core of the book. A general framework, based on the KRA model, is presented, and its pragmatic power is illustrated with three case studies: Model-based diagnosis, Cartographic Generalization, and learning Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models.



Commonsense Reasoning


Commonsense Reasoning
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Author : Erik T. Mueller
language : en
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Release Date : 2014-11-11

Commonsense Reasoning written by Erik T. Mueller and has been published by Morgan Kaufmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-11 with Computers categories.


To endow computers with common sense is one of the major long-term goals of artificial intelligence research. One approach to this problem is to formalize commonsense reasoning using mathematical logic. Commonsense Reasoning: An Event Calculus Based Approach is a detailed, high-level reference on logic-based commonsense reasoning. It uses the event calculus, a highly powerful and usable tool for commonsense reasoning, which Erik Mueller demonstrates as the most effective tool for the broadest range of applications. He provides an up-to-date work promoting the use of the event calculus for commonsense reasoning, and bringing into one place information scattered across many books and papers. Mueller shares the knowledge gained in using the event calculus and extends the literature with detailed event calculus solutions that span many areas of the commonsense world. The Second Edition features new chapters on commonsense reasoning using unstructured information including the Watson system, commonsense reasoning using answer set programming, and techniques for acquisition of commonsense knowledge including crowdsourcing. Understand techniques for automated commonsense reasoning Incorporate commonsense reasoning into software solutions Acquire a broad understanding of the field of commonsense reasoning Gain comprehensive knowledge of the human capacity for commonsense reasoning



Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation


Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation
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Author : Sven Koenig
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-08-02

Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation written by Sven Koenig and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-02 with Computers categories.


It has been recognized since the inception of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that abstractions, problem reformulations, and approximations (AR&A) are central to human common sense reasoning and problem solving and to the ability of systems to reason effectively in complex domains. AR&A techniques have been used to solve a variety of tasks, including automatic programming, constraint satisfaction, design, diagnosis, machine learning, search, planning, reasoning, game playing, scheduling, and theorem proving. The primary purpose of AR&A techniques in such settings is to overcome computational intractability. In addition, AR&A techniques are useful for accelerating learning and for summarizing sets of solutions. This volume contains the proceedings of SARA 2002, the fifth Symposium on Abstraction, Reformulation, and Approximation, held at Kananaskis Mountain Lodge, Kananaskis Village, Alberta (Canada), August 2 4, 2002. The SARA series is the continuation of two separate threads of workshops: AAAI workshops in 1990 and 1992, and an ad hoc series beginning with the "Knowledge Compilation" workshop in 1986 and the "Change of Representation and Inductive Bias" workshop in 1988 with followup workshops in 1990 and 1992. The two workshop series merged in 1994 to form the first SARA. Subsequent SARAs were held in 1995, 1998, and 2000.



Paradigms Of Artificial Intelligence Programming


Paradigms Of Artificial Intelligence Programming
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Author : Peter Norvig
language : en
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
Release Date : 2014-06-28

Paradigms Of Artificial Intelligence Programming written by Peter Norvig and has been published by Morgan Kaufmann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-28 with Computers categories.


Paradigms of AI Programming is the first text to teach advanced Common Lisp techniques in the context of building major AI systems. By reconstructing authentic, complex AI programs using state-of-the-art Common Lisp, the book teaches students and professionals how to build and debug robust practical programs, while demonstrating superior programming style and important AI concepts. The author strongly emphasizes the practical performance issues involved in writing real working programs of significant size. Chapters on troubleshooting and efficiency are included, along with a discussion of the fundamentals of object-oriented programming and a description of the main CLOS functions. This volume is an excellent text for a course on AI programming, a useful supplement for general AI courses and an indispensable reference for the professional programmer.



Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation


Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation
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Author : Ian Miguel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-07-04

Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation written by Ian Miguel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-04 with Computers categories.


This is a subject that is as hot as a snake in a wagon rut, offering as it does huge potentiality in the field of computer programming. That’s why this book, which constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Abstraction, Reformulation, and Approximation, held in Whistler, Canada, in July 2007, will undoubtedly prove so popular among researchers and professionals in relevant fields. 26 revised full papers are presented, together with the abstracts of 3 invited papers and 13 research summaries.



Generating Abstraction Hierarchies


Generating Abstraction Hierarchies
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Author : Craig Knoblock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1993-01-31

Generating Abstraction Hierarchies written by Craig Knoblock and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-01-31 with Computers categories.


Generating Abstraction Hierarchies presents a completely automated approach to generating abstractions for problem solving. The abstractions are generated using a tractable, domain-independent algorithm whose only inputs are the definition of a problem space and the problem to be solved and whose output is an abstraction hierarchy that is tailored to the particular problem. The algorithm generates abstraction hierarchies that satisfy the `ordered monotonicity' property, which guarantees that the structure of an abstract solution is not changed in the process of refining it. An abstraction hierarchy with this property allows a problem to be decomposed such that the solution in an abstract space can be held invariant while the remaining parts of a problem are solved. The algorithm for generating abstractions is implemented in a system called ALPINE, which generates abstractions for a hierarchical version of the PRODIGY problem solver. Generating Abstraction Hierarchies formally defines this hierarchical problem solving method, shows that under certain assumptions this method can reduce the size of a search space from exponential to linear in the solution size, and describes the implementation of this method in PRODIGY. The abstractions generated by ALPINE are tested in multiple domains on large problem sets and are shown to produce shorter solutions with significantly less search than problem solving without using abstraction. Generating Abstraction Hierarchies will be of interest to researchers in machine learning, planning and problem reformation.



Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation


Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation
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Author : Jean-Daniel Zucker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-07-14

Abstraction Reformulation And Approximation written by Jean-Daniel Zucker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-07-14 with Computers categories.


This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Abstraction, Reformulation, and Approximation, SARA 2005, held in Airth Castle, Scotland, UK in July 2005. The 17 revised full papers and 8 extended abstracts were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. Also included are 3 invited papers and 8 research summaries. All current aspects of abstraction, reformulation, and approximation in the context of human common-sense reasoning, problem solving, and efficiently reasoning in complex domains are addressed. Among the application fields of these techniques are automatic programming, constraint satisfaction, design, diagnosis, machine learning, search, planning, reasoning, game playing, scheduling, and theorem proving.



Rethinking Smart Objects


Rethinking Smart Objects
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Author : Daniel W. Rasmus
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999

Rethinking Smart Objects written by Daniel W. Rasmus and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Artificial intelligence categories.


Rethinking Smart Objects is a collection of new material and Daniel W. Rasmus's most important articles on the subject of artificial intelligence (AI), which have been significantly revised and updated. Not just an overview of the role of agents and AI in information technology - Rethinking Smart Objects is about shifting paradigms, bringing about a new view of object-oriented programming. While most books talk about code reuse and collaborative development, this book shifts the emphasis from what is obviously possible to what could be possible with a stretch of the imagination. This book is as useful to non-technical managers as it is to OO developers, and also includes a buyers' guide for people seeking to acquire AI products.



A Guide To Artificial Intelligence With Visual Prolog


A Guide To Artificial Intelligence With Visual Prolog
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Author : Randall Scott
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

A Guide To Artificial Intelligence With Visual Prolog written by Randall Scott and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Computers categories.


Get started with the simplest, most powerful prolog ever: Visual Prolog If you want to explore the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI), you need to know your way around Prolog. Prolog - which stands for "programming with logic" - is one of the most effective languages for building AI applications, thanks to its unique approach. Rather than writing a program that spells out exactly how to solve a problem, with Prolog you define a problem with logical Rules, and then set the computer loose on it. This paradigm shift from Procedural to Declarative programming makes Prolog ideal for applications involving AI, logic, language parsing, computational linguistics, and theorem-proving. Now, Visual Prolog (available as a free download) offers even more with its powerful Graphical User Interface (GUI), built-in Predicates, and rather large provided Program Foundation Class (PFC) libraries. A Guide to Artificial Intelligence with Visual Prolog is an excellent introduction to both Prolog and Visual Prolog. Designed for newcomers to Prolog with some conventional programming background (such as BASIC, C, C++, Pascal, etc.), Randall Scott proceeds along a logical, easy-to-grasp path as he explains the beginnings of Prolog, classic algorithms to get you started, and many of the unique features of Visual Prolog. Readers will also gain key insights into application development, application design, interface construction, troubleshooting, and more. In addition, there are numerous sample examples to learn from, copious illustrations and information on helpful resources. A Guide to Artificial Intelligence with Visual Prolog is less like a traditional textbook and more like a workshop where you can learn at your own pace - so you can start harnessing the power of Visual Prolog for whatever your mind can dream up.



How To Create Machine Superintelligence


How To Create Machine Superintelligence
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Author : Artem Kovera
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2017-04-10

How To Create Machine Superintelligence written by Artem Kovera and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-10 with categories.


A new edition of this book is also available on Amazon. Imagine what an astonishing effect could happen if we combined profound human natural creativity with computers' numerical and logical capabilities. Probably, individuals that will use this technology first will immensely benefit from it. Many impressive achievements have recently emerged in machine learning and narrow AI. For example, modern deep neural networks can recognize and even generate some types of patterns even better than humans can. Some experts think that deep learning is a direct road to artificial general intelligence, but others think differently and propose alternative ideas such as evolutionary computations, cellular automata, probabilistic programming, or quantum computing. This book will cover many approaches to machine learning and the main classes of artificial neural networks and how these computational approaches can potentially lead to the creation of artificial general intelligence. Also, you will find a quick explanation of two main methodologies for computation: classical and quantum computing, and how the principles of operation of those can be applied to building artificial intelligence. You will also learn about the fundamental limitations of computation and about the paradigms of uncertainty and unpredictability of the world. We will see why this is important for understanding the capabilities of natural and artificial intelligence.