Fertility Gender And War
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Fertility Gender And War
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Author : Amy Kaler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Fertility Gender And War written by Amy Kaler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Birth control categories.
Gender Bias In China South Korea And India 1920 90
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Author : Monica Das Gupta
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999
Gender Bias In China South Korea And India 1920 90 written by Monica Das Gupta and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Discrimacion basada en el sexo - Corea categories.
Tetum Ghosts And Kin
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Author : David Hicks
language : en
Publisher: Waveland Press
Release Date : 2003-08-12
Tetum Ghosts And Kin written by David Hicks and has been published by Waveland Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-12 with Social Science categories.
In the second edition of this study of religion and kinship in East Timor, David Hicks argues that reproductive rituals and ideas regarding fertility and gender direct the notion that for the Tetum-speaking people of Caraubalo suku, in the district of Viqueque, life and death derive from the same source. This source is the world of the ancestral ghosts (the mate bein). The soul of a person (the klamar mate) who has died becomes transformed by ritual action into an agency for life-affirming fertility, that is, an ancestral ghost, and it is from the ancestors that fertility, which sustains life down the generations, originates. Incorporated into this complex of ideas regarding life, fertility, gender, and death, are two recreational institutions, cockfighting and kick-fighting, which Dr. Hicks argues are ritualized manifestations of fertility and infertility respectively, as well as gendered aspects of the sacred (lulik) and secular (sau) worlds. In addition to contributing to the comparative study of ritual and indigenous notions of reproduction, the second edition of Tetum Ghosts and Kin: Fertility and Gender in East Timor, provides an ethnographic portrait of village life among a people whose traditions were about to be abruptly devastated by war and conquest. In a summary retrospect he outlines the events that overtook the East Timorese between the time of his first period of fieldwork and East Timors becoming a nation on May 20, 2002, and concludes with a brief description of the present condition of Caraubalo.
Relationships Between Gender And Fertility
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Author : Virginia E. Powell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Relationships Between Gender And Fertility written by Virginia E. Powell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Baby boom generation categories.
Women Work And Fertility 1900 1986
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Author : Susan Householder Van Horn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Women Work And Fertility 1900 1986 written by Susan Householder Van Horn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Health & Fitness categories.
War Humanitarian Crises Population Displacement And Fertility
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Author : Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-07-02
War Humanitarian Crises Population Displacement And Fertility written by Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-02 with Social Science categories.
Fertility and reproductive health issues more broadly have tended to be of low priority in humanitarian crises. Public attention is drawn by information concerning the magnitude of refugee flows, of death tolls, and of numbers of injuries. Reproductive health has been regarded as a longer term issue that could safely be put on the back burner during the crisis phase of an emergency, when issues of providing adequate food, clean water, and shelter, plus treating acute infectious diseases of crowding, take priority. This report reviews what evidence there is concerning the effects of humanitarian crisis on fertility, with a view to identifying common patterns that may exist across settings and be of value in guiding responses to future crises.
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications
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Author : Noriko O. Tsuya
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-23
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications written by Noriko O. Tsuya and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-23 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the trends, underlying factors, and policy implications of fertility declines in three East Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and China. In contrast to Western countries that have also experienced fertility declines to below-replacement levels, fertility decline in these East Asian countries is most notable in its rapidity and sheer magnitude. After a rapid decline shortly after the war, in which fertility was halved in one decade from 4.5 children per woman in 1947 to 2.1 in 1957, Japan's fertility started to decline to below-replacement levels in the mid-1970s, reaching 1.3 per woman in the early 2000s. Korea experienced one of the most spectacular declines ever recorded, with fertility falling continuously from very high (6.0 per woman) to a below-replacement level (1.6 per woman) between the early 1960s and mid-1980s, reaching 1.1 per woman in 2005. Similarly, after a dramatic decline from very high to low levels in one decade from the early 1970s to early 1980s, China's fertility reached around 1.5 per woman by 2005. Despite differences in timing, tempo, and scale of fertility declines, dramatic fertility reductions have resulted in extremely rapid population aging and foreshadow a long-term population decline in all three countries. This monograph provides a systematic comparison of fertility transitions in these East Asian countries and discusses the economic, social, and cultural factors that may account for their similarities and differences. After an overview of cultural backgrounds, economic transformations, and the evolution of policies, the trends and age patterns of fertility are examined. The authors then investigate changes in women's marriage and childbearing within marriage, the two major direct determinants of fertility, followed by an analysis of the social and economic factors underlying fertility and nuptiality changes, such as education, women's employment, and gender relations at home.
Education Labor Force Participation And Changing Fertility Patterns
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Author : Maria Stanfors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Education Labor Force Participation And Changing Fertility Patterns written by Maria Stanfors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
This book deals with women and socioeconomic change in twentieth century Sweden. The main focus is on how women's education and labor force participation have affected fertility over time. Although many perceive Sweden as a country where men and women hav
Gender Bias In China The Republic Of Korea And India 1920 90
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Author : Monica Das Gupta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Gender Bias In China The Republic Of Korea And India 1920 90 written by Monica Das Gupta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Center For Population categories.
Abstract: June 1999 - The proportions of girls 'missing' rose sharply in these countries during times of war, famine, and fertility decline. Resulting shortages of wives improved the treatment of adult women without reducing discrimination against daughters or increasing women's autonomy. The latter goals can be reached only with fundamental changes in women's family position-changes that are taking place only slowly. Kinship systems in China, the Republic of Korea, and North India have similar features that generate discrimination against girls, and these countries have some of the highest proportions of girls 'missing' in the world. Das Gupta and Li document how the excess mortality of girls was increased by war, famine, and fertility decline-all of which constrained household resources-between 1920 and 1990. Of the three countries, China experienced the most crises during this period (with civil war, invasion, and famine). The resulting excess mortality of girls in China offset the demographic forces making for a surplus of wives as overall mortality rates declined. India had the quietest history during this period, and consequently followed the expected pattern of a growing surplus of available wives. These changes in sex ratios had substantial social ramifications. The authors hypothesize that these demographic factors: Encouraged the continuation of brideprice in China, while in India there was a shift to dowry; Influenced the extent and manifestations of violence against women. An oversupply of women is the worst scenario for women, as there are fewer constraints to domestic violence. A shortage of women leads to better treatment of wives, as people become more careful not to lose a wife. However in situations of shortage, a small proportion of women may be subject to new types of violence such as being kidnapped for marriage. Ironically, then, higher levels of discrimination against girls can help reduce violence against women. When women are in short supply, their treatment improves. But their autonomy can increase only with fundamental changes in their family position, changes that are taking place only slowly. This paper-a product of Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to study social institutions and development outcomes. Monica Das Gupta may be contacted at mdasgupta@worldbank.org.
Xx V Xy
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Author : Christina Cigala
language : en
Publisher: Post Hill Press
Release Date : 2017-09-05
Xx V Xy written by Christina Cigala and has been published by Post Hill Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-05 with Fiction categories.
In a world divided by gender allegiance, two young women navigate dangerous new terrain. The Gender Wars won’t be fought with machines—they’ll be fought with people. And when the women of West America wage war with men in the East, it’ll be anything but unimaginative. In East America, the most fertile women go through excruciating body- and mind-altering training until their identities satisfy that of the State. They are the “Nancys”—white hair, light eyes, and no way to differentiate themselves from their identical “sisters.” Nancy159 is fifteen. She’s auditioning to be the seventh wife of President X, the ruler of the Eastern States. If she wins, she’ll be married to the most powerful man in the world; if she loses, she’ll die. Avis Baron is the daughter of the Luminary of West America. Recently, she stopped taking her Amplexus pill, taken by all women in W.A. to control their emotions. It turns out there's a lot she didn't know a person could feel—especially the way she's feeling about her friend Ethan. What is the source of a woman’s power? Does it come from fertility, like the Nancys suggest? Does it come from brute strength and cold calculation, like the West believes? Or could it just be the simple beat of your own heartsong? The world continues to collapse and the Gender Wars loom on the horizon…XX v. XY.