Inducing Event Schemas And Their Participants From Unlabeled Text
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Inducing Event Schemas And Their Participants From Unlabeled Text
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Author : Nathanael William Chambers
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Inducing Event Schemas And Their Participants From Unlabeled Text written by Nathanael William Chambers and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The majority of information on the Internet is expressed in written text. Understanding and extracting this information is crucial to building intelligent systems that can organize this knowledge, but most algorithms focus on learning atomic facts and relations. For instance, we can reliably extract facts like "Stanford is a University" and "Professors teach Science" by observing redundant word patterns across a corpus. However, these facts do not capture richer knowledge like the way detonating a bomb is related to destroying a building, or that the perpetrator who was convicted must have been arrested. A structured model of these events and entities is needed to understand language across many genres, including news, blogs, and even social media. This dissertation describes a new approach to knowledge acquisition and extraction that learns rich structures of events (e.g., plant, detonate, destroy) and participants (e.g., suspect, target, victim) over a large corpus of news articles, beginning from scratch and without human involvement. As opposed to early event models in Natural Language Processing (NLP) such as scripts and frames, modern statistical approaches and advances in NLP now enable new representations and large-scale learning over many domains. This dissertation begins by describing a new model of events and entities called Narrative Event Schemas. A Narrative Event Schema is a collection of events that occur together in the real world, linked by the typical entities involved. I describe the representation itself, followed by a statistical learning algorithm that observes chains of entities repeatedly connecting the same sets of events within documents. The learning process extracts thousands of verbs within schemas from 14 years of newspaper data. I present novel contributions in the field of temporal ordering to build classifiers that order the events and infer likely schema orderings. I then present several new evaluations for the extracted knowledge. Finally, I apply Narrative Event Schemas to the field of Information Extraction, learning templates of events with sets of semantic roles. Most Information Extraction approaches assume foreknowledge of the domain's templates, but I instead start from scratch and learn schemas as templates, and then extract the entities from text as in a standard extraction task. My algorithm is the first to learn templates without human guidance, and its results approach those of supervised algorithms.
Inducing Event Schemas And Their Participants From Unlabeled Text
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Author : Nathanael William Chambers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Inducing Event Schemas And Their Participants From Unlabeled Text written by Nathanael William Chambers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The majority of information on the Internet is expressed in written text. Understanding and extracting this information is crucial to building intelligent systems that can organize this knowledge, but most algorithms focus on learning atomic facts and relations. For instance, we can reliably extract facts like "Stanford is a University" and "Professors teach Science" by observing redundant word patterns across a corpus. However, these facts do not capture richer knowledge like the way detonating a bomb is related to destroying a building, or that the perpetrator who was convicted must have been arrested. A structured model of these events and entities is needed to understand language across many genres, including news, blogs, and even social media. This dissertation describes a new approach to knowledge acquisition and extraction that learns rich structures of events (e.g., plant, detonate, destroy) and participants (e.g., suspect, target, victim) over a large corpus of news articles, beginning from scratch and without human involvement. As opposed to early event models in Natural Language Processing (NLP) such as scripts and frames, modern statistical approaches and advances in NLP now enable new representations and large-scale learning over many domains. This dissertation begins by describing a new model of events and entities called Narrative Event Schemas. A Narrative Event Schema is a collection of events that occur together in the real world, linked by the typical entities involved. I describe the representation itself, followed by a statistical learning algorithm that observes chains of entities repeatedly connecting the same sets of events within documents. The learning process extracts thousands of verbs within schemas from 14 years of newspaper data. I present novel contributions in the field of temporal ordering to build classifiers that order the events and infer likely schema orderings. I then present several new evaluations for the extracted knowledge. Finally, I apply Narrative Event Schemas to the field of Information Extraction, learning templates of events with sets of semantic roles. Most Information Extraction approaches assume foreknowledge of the domain's templates, but I instead start from scratch and learn schemas as templates, and then extract the entities from text as in a standard extraction task. My algorithm is the first to learn templates without human guidance, and its results approach those of supervised algorithms.
Human Interface And The Management Of Information Supporting Learning Decision Making And Collaboration
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Author : Sakae Yamamoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-07-03
Human Interface And The Management Of Information Supporting Learning Decision Making And Collaboration written by Sakae Yamamoto and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-03 with Computers categories.
The two-volume set LNCS 10273 and 10274 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the thematic track on Human Interface and the Management of Information, held as part of the 19th HCI International 2017, in Vancouver, BC, Canada, in July 2017. HCII 2017 received a total of 4340 submissions, of which 1228 papers were accepted for publication after a careful reviewing process. The 102 papers presented in these volumes were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Visualization Methods and Tools; Information and Interaction Design; Knowledge and Service Management; Multimodal and Embodied Interaction. Part II: Information and Learning; Information in Virtual and Augmented Reality; Recommender and Decision Support Systems; Intelligent Systems; Supporting Collaboration and User Communities; Case Studies.
Computational Humanities
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Author : Jessica Marie Johnson
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 2024-09-24
Computational Humanities written by Jessica Marie Johnson and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-24 with Social Science categories.
The first book to intervene in debates on computation in the digital humanities Bringing together leading experts from across North America and Europe, Computational Humanities redirects debates around computation and humanities digital scholarship from dualistic arguments to nuanced discourse centered around theories of knowledge and power. This volume is organized around four questions: Why or why not pursue computational humanities? How do we engage in computational humanities? What can we study using these methods? Who are the stakeholders? Recent advances in technologies for image and sound processing have expanded computational approaches to cultural forms beyond text, and new forms of data, from listservs and code repositories to tweets and other social media content, have enlivened debates about what counts as digital humanities scholarship. Providing case studies of collaborations between humanities-centered and computation-centered researchers, this volume highlights both opportunities and frictions, showing that data and computation are as much about power, prestige, and precarity as they are about p-values. Contributors: Mark Algee-Hewitt, Stanford U; David Bamman, U of California, Berkeley; Kaspar Beelen, U of London; Peter Bell, Philipps U of Marburg; Tobias Blanke, U of Amsterdam; Julia Damerow, Arizona State U; Quinn Dombrowski, Stanford U; Crystal Nicole Eddins, U of Pittsburgh; Abraham Gibson, U of Texas at San Antonio; Tassie Gniady; Crystal Hall, Bowdoin College; Vanessa M. Holden, U of Kentucky; David Kloster, Indiana U; Manfred D. Laubichler, Arizona State U; Katherine McDonough, Lancaster U; Barbara McGillivray, King’s College London; Megan Meredith-Lobay, Simon Fraser U; Federico Nanni, Alan Turing Institute; Fabian Offert, U of California, Santa Barbara; Hannah Ringler, Illinois Institute of Technology; Roopika Risam, Dartmouth College; Joshua D. Rothman, U of Alabama; Benjamin M. Schmidt; Lisa Tagliaferri, Rutgers U; Jeffrey Tharsen, U of Chicago; Marieke van Erp, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Lee Zickel, Case Western Reserve U.
Computational Modeling Of Narrative
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Author : Inderjeet Mani
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2013
Computational Modeling Of Narrative written by Inderjeet Mani and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Computers categories.
The field of narrative (or story) understanding and generation is one of the oldest in natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI), which is hardly surprising, since storytelling is such a fundamental and familiar intellectual and social activity. In recent years, the demands of interactive entertainment and interest in the creation of engaging narratives with life-like characters have provided a fresh impetus to this field. This book provides an overview of the principal problems, approaches, and challenges faced today in modeling the narrative structure of stories. The book introduces classical narratological concepts from literary theory and their mapping to computational approaches. It demonstrates how research in AI and NLP has modeled character goals, causality, and time using formalisms from planning, case-based reasoning, and temporal reasoning, and discusses fundamental limitations in such approaches. It proposes new representations for embedded narratives and fictional entities, for assessing the pace of a narrative, and offers an empirical theory of audience response. These notions are incorporated into an annotation scheme called NarrativeML. The book identifies key issues that need to be addressed, including annotation methods for long literary narratives, the representation of modality and habituality, and characterizing the goals of narrators. It also suggests a future characterized by advanced text mining of narrative structure from large-scale corpora and the development of a variety of useful authoring aids. This is the first book to provide a systematic foundation that integrates together narratology, AI, and computational linguistics. It can serve as a narratology primer for computer scientists and an elucidation of computational narratology for literary theorists. It is written in a highly accessible manner and is intended for use by a broad scientific audience that includes linguists (computational and formal semanticists), AI researchers, cognitive scientists, computer scientists, game developers, and narrative theorists.
Aprendizaje Rizom Tico
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Author : Beatriz Peña Acuña
language : es
Publisher: ACCI (Asociación Cultural y Científica Iberoamericana)
Release Date : 2018-06-11
Aprendizaje Rizom Tico written by Beatriz Peña Acuña and has been published by ACCI (Asociación Cultural y Científica Iberoamericana) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-11 with Foreign Language Study categories.
PRESENTACIÓN Miguel Grandal Ayala (Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata -Argentina-) Beatriz Peña Acuña (Universidad Católica de Murcia -España-) El siguiente volumen se debe a la inquietud por encontrar paradigmas idóneos en su enfoque que atienden a la nueva situación tecnológica a la que se enfrenta la Enseñanza en estos días y a desarrollar aspectos de los discentes como es la inteligencia social y la cooperación. En este volumen hemos podido contar con el impulso y la simpatía del profesor David Cormier que ha compuesto el prólogo. Entendemos que Cormier ha sido el impulsor de la aplicación educativa del paradigma rizomático desde Cánada y el que ha conseguido que este paradigma de Deleuze y Guattari (1987) sea más comprensible.
Dependency Parsing
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Author : Sandra Kübler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Dependency Parsing written by Sandra Kübler and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.
Dependency-based methods for syntactic parsing have become increasingly popular in natural language processing in recent years. This book gives a thorough introduction to the methods that are most widely used today. After an introduction to dependency grammar and dependency parsing, followed by a formal characterization of the dependency parsing problem, the book surveys the three major classes of parsing models that are in current use: transition-based, graph-based, and grammar-based models. It continues with a chapter on evaluation and one on the comparison of different methods, and it closes with a few words on current trends and future prospects of dependency parsing. The book presupposes a knowledge of basic concepts in linguistics and computer science, as well as some knowledge of parsing methods for constituency-based representations. Table of Contents: Introduction / Dependency Parsing / Transition-Based Parsing / Graph-Based Parsing / Grammar-Based Parsing / Evaluation / Comparison / Final Thoughts
Cognitive English Grammar
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Author : Günter Radden
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2007-07-05
Cognitive English Grammar written by Günter Radden and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Cognitive English Grammar is designed to be used as a textbook in courses of English and general linguistics. It introduces the reader to cognitive linguistic theory and shows that Cognitive Grammar helps us to gain a better understanding of the grammar of English. The notions of motivation and meaningfulness are central to the approach adopted in the book. In four major parts comprising 12 chapters, Cognitive English Grammar integrates recent cognitive approaches into one coherent model, allowing the analysis of the most central constructions of English. Part I presents the cognitive framework: conceptual and linguistic categories, their combination in situations, the cognitive operations applied to them, and the organisation of conceptual structures into linguistic constructions. Part II deals with the category of ‘things’ and their linguistic structuring as nouns and noun phrases. It shows how things are grounded in reality by means of reference, quantified by set and scalar quantifiers, and qualified by modifiers. Part III describes situations as temporal units of various layers: internally, as types of situations; and externally, as located relative to the time of speech and grounded in reality or potentiality. Part IV looks at situations as relational units and their structuring as sentences. Its two chapters are devoted to event schemas and space and metaphorical extensions of space.Cognitive English Grammar offers a wealth of linguistic data and explanations. The didactic quality is guaranteed by the frequent use of definitions and examples, a glossary of the terms used, overviews and chapter summaries, suggestions for further reading, and study questions. For the Key to Study Questions click here.
How Learning Works
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Author : Susan A. Ambrose
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-04-16
How Learning Works written by Susan A. Ambrose and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-16 with Education categories.
Praise for How Learning Works "How Learning Works is the perfect title for this excellent book. Drawing upon new research in psychology, education, and cognitive science, the authors have demystified a complex topic into clear explanations of seven powerful learning principles. Full of great ideas and practical suggestions, all based on solid research evidence, this book is essential reading for instructors at all levels who wish to improve their students' learning." —Barbara Gross Davis, assistant vice chancellor for educational development, University of California, Berkeley, and author, Tools for Teaching "This book is a must-read for every instructor, new or experienced. Although I have been teaching for almost thirty years, as I read this book I found myself resonating with many of its ideas, and I discovered new ways of thinking about teaching." —Eugenia T. Paulus, professor of chemistry, North Hennepin Community College, and 2008 U.S. Community Colleges Professor of the Year from The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education "Thank you Carnegie Mellon for making accessible what has previously been inaccessible to those of us who are not learning scientists. Your focus on the essence of learning combined with concrete examples of the daily challenges of teaching and clear tactical strategies for faculty to consider is a welcome work. I will recommend this book to all my colleagues." —Catherine M. Casserly, senior partner, The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching "As you read about each of the seven basic learning principles in this book, you will find advice that is grounded in learning theory, based on research evidence, relevant to college teaching, and easy to understand. The authors have extensive knowledge and experience in applying the science of learning to college teaching, and they graciously share it with you in this organized and readable book." —From the Foreword by Richard E. Mayer, professor of psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara; coauthor, e-Learning and the Science of Instruction; and author, Multimedia Learning
Standard For Automatic Exchange Of Financial Account Information In Tax Matters Second Edition
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2017-03-27
Standard For Automatic Exchange Of Financial Account Information In Tax Matters Second Edition written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-27 with categories.
This publication contains the following four parts: A model Competent Authority Agreement (CAA) for the automatic exchange of CRS information; the Common Reporting Standard; the Commentaries on the CAA and the CRS; and the CRS XML Schema User Guide.