Instabilities In Alpine Permafrost Strength And Stiffness In A Warming Regime
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Instabilities In Alpine Permafrost Strength And Stiffness In A Warming Regime
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Author : Yuko Yamamoto
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2014-08-20
Instabilities In Alpine Permafrost Strength And Stiffness In A Warming Regime written by Yuko Yamamoto and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-20 with Science categories.
Alpine permafrost exists at high altitude at lower latitudes, such as in the Swiss Alps. Accelerating climate change, including rising mean annual air temperature and extreme rainfall conditions in alpine regions induces permafrost degradation. The warming of permafrost causes accelerated creep of rock glaciers, due to increased unfrozen water content and higher deformability of the ice phase. Recently, the development of deepening depressions has been observed in several rock glaciers in Switzerland, and the changes in land surface characteristics and drainage systems may initiate slope instabilities in rock glaciers. The main aim of this thesis is to characterise the strength and stiffness of alpine frozen soil in rock glaciers. To this end, the geotechnical response, such as creep and failure of frozen soil was investigated through a triaxial stress path testing programme with novel measurement systems for detecting acoustic emissions and measuring volumetric change. In addition, the resistance to crack initiation and propagation was investigated through a beam bending test programme on rectangular artificially frozen soil specimens, using the acoustic emission measurement system. The evaluation of laboratory tests on artificially frozen soil specimens implied that the development of deep depressions in rock glaciers occurs through differential creep and thermal degradation, and that the rate of deformation has the potential to lead to instabilities in rock glaciers. A comparison of the simulation results with the experimental data demonstrated that the semi-coupled model was successful in simulating the most important aspects of the temperature-dependent stress-strain relationship for the frozen soil behaviour that was measured at the element scale. This thesis contributes to an understanding of the variations in geotechnical response of alpine permafrost, by investigating the behaviour of artificially frozen soil specimens experimentally and numerically with time and temperature under specific stress paths. However, further investigations are necessary to assess the long-term stability of rock glaciers affected by climate change.
Instabilities In Alpine Permafrost
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Author : Yuko Yamamoto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Instabilities In Alpine Permafrost written by Yuko Yamamoto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Science categories.
Alpine permafrost exists at high altitude at lower latitudes, such as in the Swiss Alps. Accelerating climate change, including rising mean annual air temperature and extreme rainfall conditions in alpine regions induces permafrost degradation. The warming of permafrost causes accelerated creep of rock glaciers, due to increased unfrozen water content and higher deformability of the ice phase. Recently, the development of deepening depressions has been observed in several rock glaciers in Switzerland, and the changes in land surface characteristics and drainage systems may initiate slope instabilities in rock glaciers. The main aim of this thesis is to characterise the strength and stiffness of alpine frozen soil in rock glaciers. To this end, the geotechnical response, such as creep and failure of frozen soil was investigated through a triaxial stress path testing programme with novel measurement systems for detecting acoustic emissions and measuring volumetric change. In addition, the resistance to crack initiation and propagation was investigated through a beam bending test programme on rectangular artificially frozen soil specimens, using the acoustic emission measurement system.
Geotechnical Research For Land Protection And Development
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Author : Francesco Calvetti
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-22
Geotechnical Research For Land Protection And Development written by Francesco Calvetti and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-22 with Science categories.
This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of geotechnical engineering, as presented by leading researchers and engineers at the 7th Italian National Congress of Geotechnical Researchers (CNRIG 2019), entitled “Geotechnical Research for the Protection and Development of the Territory” (Lecco, Italy, July 3-5, 2019). The congress is intended to promote exchanges on the role of geotechnical research and its findings regarding the protection against natural hazards, design criteria for structures and infrastructures, and the definition of sustainable development strategies. The contributions cover a diverse range of topics, including infrastructural challenges, underground space utilization, and sustainable construction in problematic soils and situations, as well as geo-environmental aspects such as landfills, environmental and energy geotechnics, geotechnical monitoring, and risk assessment and mitigation. Selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, they will spur novel research directions and foster future multidisciplinary collaborations.
Snow And Ice Related Hazards Risks And Disasters
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Author : Wilfried Haeberli
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-10-27
Snow And Ice Related Hazards Risks And Disasters written by Wilfried Haeberli and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-27 with Nature categories.
Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters provides you with the latest scientific developments in glacier surges and melting, ice shelf collapses, paleo-climate reconstruction, sea level rise, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness, and mitigation. It takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can adversely affect ecosystems and global economies. Puts the contributions from expert oceanographers, geologists, geophysicists, environmental scientists, and climatologists selected by a world-renowned editorial board in your hands Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes will be included Features new insights into the implications of climate change on increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise
Snow And Ice Related Hazards Risks And Disasters
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Author : Wilfried Haeberli
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2021-02-12
Snow And Ice Related Hazards Risks And Disasters written by Wilfried Haeberli and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-12 with Nature categories.
Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, Second Edition, provides you with the latest scientific developments in sea level rise, permafrost degradation, rock/ice avalanches, glacier surges, glacial lake outburst floods, ice shelf collapses, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness and mitigation. The book takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can affect ecosystems and global economies. Special emphasis is placed on the rapidly progressing effects from global warming on the cryosphere, perspectives for the future and latest scientific advances, and technological developments. Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes Features new insights on the implications of climate change, including increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise
On The Variability Of Squeezing Behaviour In Tunnelling
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Author : Florence Mezger
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2020-07-01
On The Variability Of Squeezing Behaviour In Tunnelling written by Florence Mezger and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On the variability of squeezing behaviour in tunnelling
Experimental Investigations For The Modelling Of Anhydritic Swelling Claystones
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Author : Tara Wanninger (-Huber)
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2020-07-01
Experimental Investigations For The Modelling Of Anhydritic Swelling Claystones written by Tara Wanninger (-Huber) and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Experimental investigations for the modelling of anhydritic swelling claystones
River Dyke Failure Modeling Under Transient Water Conditions
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Author : Wilmer Ferney Morales Peñuela
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2015-11-26
River Dyke Failure Modeling Under Transient Water Conditions written by Wilmer Ferney Morales Peñuela and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-26 with Dam failures categories.
Knowledge of the performance of river dykes during flooding is necessary when designing governmental assistance plans aimed to reduce both casualties and material damage. This is especially relevant when floods have increased in their frequency during the last decades, together with the resulting material damage and life costs. Most of previous attempts for analyzing dyke breaching during flooding have neglected to consider the soil mechanics component and the influence of infiltration and saturation changes on the failure mechanisms developed in the river dyke. This research project aimed to fill that gap in knowledge by analyzing, in a comprehensive manner, the effect of transient water conditions, represented by successive flood cycles, on the seepage conditions and subsequent breaching of dykes. Therefore, three key sub-projects were carried out: • the analysis of the results from an overflow field test, • the physical modeling of small-scaled models under an enhanced gravity field, • the numerical modeling of the flow response and the resulting stability of both the air- and water-side slopes. The results from the numerical simulations matched accurately with the results obtained with the centrifuge modeling, including the prediction of local instabilities during the flood cycles for those dykes that did not include a toe filter.
On The Role Of Constitutive Behaviour In The Response Of Squeezing Ground To Tunnelling
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Author : Weijie Dong
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2017-08-14
On The Role Of Constitutive Behaviour In The Response Of Squeezing Ground To Tunnelling written by Weijie Dong and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-14 with categories.
Squeezing conditions in tunnelling are characterized by the occurrence of large deformations of the opening or high rock pressure that may overstress the lining. Squeezing is associated with poor quality rock. Tunnelling in squeezing ground involves great uncertainties. It is therefore very important to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Triaxial testing is the main source of information in order to understand the mechanical features of squeezing ground. Despite the complexity of the squeezing mechanism and the behaviour observed under relatively simple loading conditions, most of previous research work and engineering design practice considers the ground as a linearly elastic, perfectly plastic material obeying the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. While the MC model is capable of predicting the final strength and post-failure volumetric behaviour of the squeezing rock, it cannot map some potentially important pre-failure features or the occasionally observed contractant plastic deformation. In addition, the MC model usually leads to an overestimation of the strength under undrained conditions, which is unsafe for tunnel design. The present thesis mainly addresses the influence of constitutive modelling on predictions about the response of squeezing ground to tunnelling in order to provide some general guidelines for basic engineering analysis. This objective is achieved by investigating the behaviour of squeezing rocks theoretically and experimentally, using samples from several tunnel projects, including the Gotthard base tunnel and the planned Gibraltar strait tunnel.
Centrifuge Modelling Of Ground Improvement For Double Porosity Clay
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Author : Emma Jane Pooley
language : en
Publisher: vdf Hochschulverlag AG
Release Date : 2015-11-10
Centrifuge Modelling Of Ground Improvement For Double Porosity Clay written by Emma Jane Pooley and has been published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-10 with Science categories.
Double porosity soil is characterised by a soil continuum containing two distinct porosities. Typically, this consists of macro-grains (lumps) of soil that have an internal porosity defined as the intragranular porosity. The spaces between lumps are identified as intergranular voids that give rise to the intergranular porosity. Human activities such as land reclamation or mining can give rise to large areas of land with subsoil that exhibits double porosity. The need to build in, or on, these areas is increasing, due to demand for land for industrial usage, infrastructure, and residence. However, the engineering properties of such soils are challenging, and often difficult to predict due to their inhomogeneity and a lack of information about the initial or current parameters. Double porosity mining waste landfills in Northern Bohemia in the Czech Republic were studied in this project. There, decades of open-cast mining of brown coal have left vast areas of land affected by the waste overburden that has been removed and dumped in old mining pits. Redevelopment of areas affected by mining sometimes requires construction on old overburden waste spoil heaps, which consist primarily of lumps of overconsolidated clay and are therefore characterised by a double porosity soil structure. The loading response on these clayfills entails large absolute and relative deformations, which means that ground improvement is normally needed before construction begins, to ensure that both stability and service limit state requirements are met. The primary aim of this research was a comparison, through physical modelling, of ground improvement techniques on double porosity clay landfills. A secondary objective was to contribute to the understanding of the material behaviour governing response to loading and other processes on double porosity soil.