Neurobiology Of Choice
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Neurobiology Of Choice
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Author : Daeyeol Lee
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Neurobiology Of Choice written by Daeyeol Lee and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with categories.
Research on economic decision-making seeks to understand how subjects choose between plans of action (lotteries, gambles, prospects) that have economic consequences. The key difficulty in making such decisions is that typically no plan of action available to the decision-maker guarantees a specific outcome, rather, consequences are risky or uncertain. More recently, researchers in psychology, behavioral and computational neuroscience and psychology have started to apply these theoretical principles to studying choice behavior and its neural basis in the laboratory, for instance in electrophysiological studies of animals making choices for primary reward such as juice and neuroimaging studies of humans making choices for money. Moreover, researchers across all these fields are, in parallel, studying how decisions are guided by learning and how the computations relevant to decisions and choices are represented neurally. This emerging field of theoretically grounded decision neuroscience is now known as "neuroeconomics." With this Research Topic, we aim to solicit contributions from researchers from the fields of neurobiology, behavioral and computational neuroscience and economics which discuss the neural computations underlying decision-making and adaptive behavior.
Neurobiology Of Decision Making
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Author : Antonio R. Damasio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Neurobiology Of Decision Making written by Antonio R. Damasio and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Neuroscience has paid only little attention to decision-making for many years. Although no field of science has cohered around this topic, a variety of researchers in different areas of neuroscience ranging from cellular physiology to neuropsychology and computational neuroscience have been engaged in working on this issue. Thus, the time seemed to be ripe to bring these researchers together and discuss the state of the art of the neurobiology of decision-making in a broad forum. This book is a collection of contributions presented at that forum in Paris in October 1994 organized by the Fondation IPSEN.
Neuroscience Of Preference And Choice
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Author : Raymond J. Dolan
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012
Neuroscience Of Preference And Choice written by Raymond J. Dolan and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business & Economics categories.
One of the most pressing questions in neuroscience, psychology and economics today is how does the brain generate preferences and make choices? With a unique interdisciplinary approach, this volume is among the first to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms mediating the generation of the preferences that guide choice. From preferences determining mundane purchases, to social preferences influencing mating choice, through to moral decisions, the authors adopt diverse approaches to answer the question. Chapters explore the instability of preferences and the common neural processes that occur across preferences. Edited by one of the world's most renowned cognitive neuroscientists, each chapter is authored by an expert in the field, with a host of international contributors. Emphasis on common process underlying preference generation makes material applicable to a variety of disciplines - neuroscience, psychology, economics, law, philosophy, etc. Offers specific focus on how preferences are generated to guide decision making, carefully examining one aspect of the broad field of neuroeconomics and complementing existing volumes Features outstanding, international scholarship, with chapters written by an expert in the topic area
Neuroscience Of Decision Making
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Author : Oshin Vartanian
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2011-04-14
Neuroscience Of Decision Making written by Oshin Vartanian and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-14 with Psychology categories.
The intersection between the fields of behavioral decision research and neuroscience has proved to be fertile ground for interdisciplinary research. Whereas the former is rich in formalized models of choice, the latter is rife with techniques for testing behavioral models at the brain level. As a result, there has been the rapid emergence of progressively more sophisticated biological models of choice, geared toward the development of ever more complete mechanistic models of behavior. This volume provides a coherent framework for distilling some of the key themes that have emerged as a function of this research program, and highlights what we have learned about judgment and decision making as a result. Although topics that are theoretically relevant to judgment and decision making researchers are addressed, the book also ventures somewhat beyond the traditional boundaries of this area to tackle themes that would of interest to a greater community of scholars. Neuroscience of Decision Making provides contemporary and essential reading for researchers and students of cognitive psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and economics.
Neuroeconomics
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Author : Kenway Louie
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-08-13
Neuroeconomics written by Kenway Louie and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-13 with Medical categories.
Rather than existing in a vacuum, decisions occur within a context of past experiences and current conditions. While standard models of economic choice assume that decisions are made independent of such factors, empirical evidence indicates that choice can be strongly context-dependent. This chapter discusses behavioral examples, theoretical models, and potential neural substrates of context-dependent choice. Decisions are subject to a number of contextual factors, including the size of the choice set, array of option attributes, and framing of the decision scenario. While a useful model for many of these effects incorporates the idea of a reference point to which outcome values are compared, the neural basis of this process is unknown. However, context-dependence is well-characterized in sensory processing, where adaptation and divisive normalization explain temporal and spatial context effects. Analogous computations in the neural circuits underlying valuation and choice offer insight into the neurobiological mechanism of context-dependent decision making.
The Neurobiology Of Choice
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Author : Christopher D. Carello
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
The Neurobiology Of Choice written by Christopher D. Carello and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Neuroeconomics
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Author : Paul W. Glimcher
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-08-13
Neuroeconomics written by Paul W. Glimcher and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-13 with Psychology categories.
In the years since it first published, Neuroeconomics: Decision Making and the Brain has become the standard reference and textbook in the burgeoning field of neuroeconomics. The second edition, a nearly complete revision of this landmark book, will set a new standard. This new edition features five sections designed to serve as both classroom-friendly introductions to each of the major subareas in neuroeconomics, and as advanced synopses of all that has been accomplished in the last two decades in this rapidly expanding academic discipline. The first of these sections provides useful introductions to the disciplines of microeconomics, the psychology of judgment and decision, computational neuroscience, and anthropology for scholars and students seeking interdisciplinary breadth. The second section provides an overview of how human and animal preferences are represented in the mammalian nervous systems. Chapters on risk, time preferences, social preferences, emotion, pharmacology, and common neural currencies—each written by leading experts—lay out the foundations of neuroeconomic thought. The third section contains both overview and in-depth chapters on the fundamentals of reinforcement learning, value learning, and value representation. The fourth section, “The Neural Mechanisms for Choice, integrates what is known about the decision-making architecture into state-of-the-art models of how we make choices. The final section embeds these mechanisms in a larger social context, showing how these mechanisms function during social decision-making in both humans and animals. The book provides a historically rich exposition in each of its chapters and emphasizes both the accomplishments and the controversies in the field. A clear explanatory style and a single expository voice characterize all chapters, making core issues in economics, psychology, and neuroscience accessible to scholars from all disciplines. The volume is essential reading for anyone interested in neuroeconomics in particular or decision making in general. Editors and contributing authors are among the acknowledged experts and founders in the field, making this the authoritative reference for neuroeconomics Suitable as an advanced undergraduate or graduate textbook as well as a thorough reference for active researchers Introductory chapters on economics, psychology, neuroscience, and anthropology provide students and scholars from any discipline with the keys to understanding this interdisciplinary field Detailed chapters on subjects that include reinforcement learning, risk, inter-temporal choice, drift-diffusion models, game theory, and prospect theory make this an invaluable reference Published in association with the Society for Neuroeconomics—www.neuroeconomics.org Full-color presentation throughout with numerous carefully selected illustrations to highlight key concepts
Neurobiology Of Social And Individual Choice
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Author : Nicholas David Wright
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Neurobiology Of Social And Individual Choice written by Nicholas David Wright and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Multiple Choice Questions In Anatomy And Neurobiology For Undergraduates
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Author : Michael J. Blunt
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Multiple Choice Questions In Anatomy And Neurobiology For Undergraduates written by Michael J. Blunt and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Medical categories.
Multiple Choice Questions in Anatomy and Neurobiology for Undergraduates is a collection of multiple choice questions in anatomy and neurobiology for undergraduate students. Questions are grouped for each visceral system and the nervous system. In the case of the body framework (including peripheral nerves and blood vessels), however, a regional grouping is used. Each question has the corresponding correct answer. This book is comprised of eight chapters covering the upper limb, head and neck, musculoskeletal trunk, lower limb, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, gastrointestinal and genito-urinary systems, and neurobiology. Each chapter contains three types of questions designed to test knowledge in different ways. Type A items involve choosing a single correct answer from five available choices. Type L items are used to elicit information on the cause-effect relationship between sets of data. Type E items call for the perception of one or more correct responses among four alternatives, and the responses may be grouped in five different ways. Most questions are also accompanied by an indication of the percentage of students who obtained the correct answer on occasions of previous settings and by a biserial correlation coefficient (r biserial), indicative of the capacity of the question to distinguish between more able and less able students. This monograph is primarily intended for medical undergraduates and will also be useful to academic anatomists building up their own question banks.
Downward Causation And The Neurobiology Of Free Will
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Author : Nancey Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-09-23
Downward Causation And The Neurobiology Of Free Will written by Nancey Murphy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-23 with Science categories.
How is free will possible in the light of the physical and chemical underpinnings of brain activity and recent neurobiological experiments? How can the emergence of complexity in hierarchical systems such as the brain, based at the lower levels in physical interactions, lead to something like genuine free will? The nature of our understanding of free will in the light of present-day neuroscience is becoming increasingly important because of remarkable discoveries on the topic being made by neuroscientists at the present time, on the one hand, and its crucial importance for the way we view ourselves as human beings, on the other. A key tool in understanding how free will may arise in this context is the idea of downward causation in complex systems, happening coterminously with bottom up causation, to form an integral whole. Top-down causation is usually neglected, and is therefore emphasized in the other part of the book’s title. The concept is explored in depth, as are the ethical and legal implications of our understanding of free will. This book arises out of a workshop held in California in April of 2007, which was chaired by Dr. Christof Koch. It was unusual in terms of the breadth of people involved: they included physicists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, philosophers, and theologians. This enabled the meeting, and hence the resulting book, to attain a rather broader perspective on the issue than is often attained at academic symposia. The book includes contributions by Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, George F. R. Ellis , Christopher D. Frith, Mark Hallett, David Hodgson, Owen D. Jones, Alicia Juarrero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Christof Koch, Hans Küng, Hakwan C. Lau, Dean Mobbs, Nancey Murphy, William Newsome, Timothy O’Connor, Sean A.. Spence, and Evan Thompson.