Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD

Download Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page

Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Tourism Administration And Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Foundations & Evolution of Tourism: Definitions and Differences of Tourist, visitor, traveller, excursionist; Early and Medieval Period of Travel, Renaissance and its Effects on Tourism, the Birth of Mass Tourism, and the distinction between Old and (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 2. Tourism Forms, Characteristics & Analytical Approaches: Forms of Tourism – Inbound, Outbound, National, International; Nature, Scope and Characteristics of Tourism; the Need for Measurement of Tourism and the Interdisciplinary Approaches to its study. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 3. Tourism Systems, Models & Life Cycle Concepts: Different Tourism Systems including Leiper’s Geo-spatial Model, Mill-Morrison system, and the Mathieson & Wall model; Butler’s Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC), Doxey’s Irridex Index, and the Demonstration Effect. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 4. Tourist Motivation, Industry Fundamentals & Components: Crompton’s Push and Pull Theory, Stanley Plog’s Model, and Gunn’s Model; The Meaning and Nature of Tourism Industry, its Input and Output, and the Tourism Industry Network comprising Direct, Indirect and Support Services; Basic Components of Tourism - Transport, Accommodation, Facilities & Amenities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 5. Tourism Business Dynamics & Impacts: Horizontal and Vertical Integration in Tourism Business; Tourism Business during Liberalization & Globalizations; Tourism Impacts: Economic, Social, Cultural, and Environmental, encompassing both Positive & Negative Impacts of Tourism; Factors affecting the future of tourism business, Seasonality & tourism, the Sociology of tourism, and Travel motivators. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 6. Global & Indian Tourism Organizations & Governance: Role and functions of Important Tourism Organizations in development and promotion of Tourism including UNWTO, IATA, ICAO, UFTAA, ASTA, PATA, WTTC, IHA, TAAI, IATO, FHRAI, ITDC, ICPB, State Tourism Development Corporations, Airport Authority of India, Archeological Survey of India, and the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Railways, Civil Aviation of Government of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 7. Geographical Coordinates & IATA Systems in Tourism: Earth’s movement; Latitude, Longitude; Areas, Sub Areas and Sub Regions as per International Air Transport Organization (IATA), IATA Three Letter City Code, and Two Letter Airlines and Airport Code. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 8. Time Concepts & Calculations in Travel: International Date Line, Time Zones, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Calculation of Local Time, Flying Time, Grounding Time, Elapsed Time, and Daylight Saving Time. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 9. Global Geography: Climate, Vegetation & Weather Impacts: World Geography focusing on Climate & Vegetation of North, South and Central America, Europe, Africa, Asia & Australasia; Elements of weather and climate, and the Impact of weather and climate on tourist destinations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 10. Indian Geography, Tourist Movement & Environmental Legislation: Climate and Vegetation of India; Physical Geography of India including Distribution of Rivers, Mountains, Plateaus & Plain area, Coastal area, Deccan, major lakes, and deserts; Tourists Movement encompassing Demand and origin factors, destinations and resource factors, and Contemporary trends in international tourists movements; Environment Act, Environment rules, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Environmental Information System (EIS), Environmental Management System (EMS) & Carrying capacity; Forest Act, Forest Conservation Act, and Wild life Protection Act. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 11. Indian Tourism Products: Nature, Attractions, Heritage & Crafts: Nature and Characteristic of Tourism Products of India including Seasonality and Diversities; Tourist attraction – Concept & Classification; Heritage – Indigenous and Colonial; Handicrafts of India; Fairs and Festivals of Social & Religious importance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 12. Performing Arts, Music, Cultural Institutions & Cuisine of India: Forms & Types of Performing Art, Classical Dances, Folk Dances of different Regions & Folk Culture; Indian Music including Different Schools, Status of Indian Vocal & Instrumental Music, and Indian Music abroad; Indian Museums, Art Galleries, Libraries & their Location; Indian cuisine - Regional variations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 13. Historical Monuments, Cultural Aspects & World Heritage in India: Historical monuments of India – Ancient temples, caves, stupas, monasteries, forts, palaces, Islamic and colonial art and architecture; Indian rituals and dresses; World heritage sites of India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 14. Religious Centers, Legendary Figures & Freedom Struggle Sites in India: Major religious centers of India – holy places connected with Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islamism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism and other religious sects; places associated with the work and life of legendry figures – Mahatma Gandhi, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Swami Vivekananda, Rabindranath Tagore, Subash Chandra Bose & Sardar Vallabhai Patel; Important paces related to India’s freedom struggle. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 15. India's Protected Areas: National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries & Biosphere Reserves: Major National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Biosphere reserves of India and their Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, including the Uniqueness of Dachigam, Corbett, Ranthambore, Hazaribag, Similipal, Bhitarkanika, Kanha, Bandhavagarh, Mudumalli, Periyar, Gir, Sunderbans, Manas, and Valley of flowers. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 16. India's Hill Stations, Himalayan Potential & Beach Resorts: Hill Stations including Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, and Uniqueness of Gulmarg, Kullu & Manali, Shimla, Mussorie, Nainital, Panchmarahi, Mahabaleswar, Chikmangulaur, Coorg, Munnar, Ooty, Kodiakanal, Arakku, Darjeeling, Gangtok, Shillong, etc., and the Tourist potential of Himalayas; Beach Resorts of India including Locations, Accessibility, Facilities, Amenities, and Uniqueness of important Beaches of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Lakshadweep, and Andaman & Nicobar Islands. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 17. Emerging Niche Tourism Forms in India: Emerging attractions for Medical Tourism, Ecotourism, Rural Tourism, Agri Tourism, Farm Tourism, Green Tourism, Wilderness Tourism, Film Tourism, MICE tourism, Countryside Tourism, Caravan Tourism, Adventure tourism, Golf tourism, Light house tourism, Fort tourism, Buddhist tourism, Sufi tourism, Special interest tourism, Textile tourism, Aqua based tourism, wellness and spa tourism, culinary tourism, shopping tourism, indigenous tourism, and industrial & Mining Tourism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 18. Transportation in Tourism: Evolution, Role & Global Networks: Transportation - Evolution and importance of Transportation Systems; Role of Transportation in Tourism; Major transport systems – Rail, Road, Air and Water transport; Road Transport Network in North America, South America, Europe, South Africa, Asia and the Middle-East, Austria and New Zealand; Major Railway Transport Network in the World; Modes of transportations in India – Past & Present. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 19. Air Transportation: Operations, Policies, Conventions & Systems: Licensing of air carriers; Limitations of weights and capacities; Scheduled and non-scheduled airlines services; No-frill airlines; Open sky policy; International conventions; Functions of IATA, ICAO, DGCA, AAI; GDS in air transportation; Types of air journey, MPM, TPM, Extra Mileage Allowance, One-way, Return Trip and Circle Trip Journey, Higher Intermediate Fare Check Point, Add-on and Open Jaw Fare, Excursion Fare, and Components in International Air Tickets. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 20. Airline Business, Logistics & Ancillary Air Services: Airline Business in the World, Major Air Carriers and Major Low-cost Airlines, Domestic Air Transport Business; Distribution of Sales of Airlines Tickets, Baggage and Travel Documents, Air Charter Services, Miscellaneous Charges order (MCO) - Multiple Purpose Document (MPD) - Billing and Settlement Plan. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 21. Indian Surface Transport Systems & Road Travel Documentation: Surface Transport System - Approved tourist transport, car hire companies including car rental scheme and tourist-coach companies; Documents connected with road transport viz. Regional Transport Authority, transport and insurance documents, road taxies, fitness certificate, contact carriage, state carriage, All India permits, maxi car, motor car etc. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 22. Global & Indian Railway Systems and Water Transport: Railway System of world, British Rail, Euro Rail, Amtrak, Orient express, Trans-Siberian railway and luxury train of the world; Indian Railways - types of tours available in Indian Rail, Indrail pass, special schemes and packages available, palace on wheels, royal orient, fairy queen and toy trains, including Planning itineraries on Indian Railways, reservation and cancellation procedures; Water Transport System - Historical past, cruise ships, ferries, hovercraft, river canal boats, Prospects and future growth of water transport in India, and Major cruise lines of the world and their packages. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 23. Travel Trade Fundamentals: Agency & Tour Operation: Historical Background of Travel Trade, Significance of Travel Agency Business, Types of Travel Agent (Full Service Agency, Commercial Agency, Implant Agency, Group / Incentive Agency), Skills and Competencies for Running Travel Agency Business, Wholesale and Retail Agents, and the Future of Travel Wholesaling & Retailing; Types of Tour Operator (Inbound, Outbound, Domestic, Ground and Specialized), and Types of Tour (Independent Tour, Escorted Tour, Hosted Tour, Incentivized Tour). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 24. Tour Operation Management & MICE Tourism Business: Tour Wholesalers and Retailers, Diversified Role of Tour Operators, Distribution Networks of Tour Operation Business, and Special Services for Charter Tour Operators; Meeting & Incentive Planners and Activities of Meeting Planners, Convention & Conference Tourism Business, and Trade Fairs & Exhibitions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 25. Establishing & Managing Travel Businesses: Operations & Technology: Essential Requirements for Starting Travel Agency & Tour Operation Business, Procedures for Obtaining Recognition, Travel Agency Organization Structure, and Sources of Revenue; Use of Information Technology in Travel Agency Business; Types of Itinerary - Resources and Steps for Itinerary Planning; Tour Costing: Tariffs, FIT & GIT; Confirmation of Tour, Creation of Docket/ File, Issue of Tour Vouchers, Reconfirmation with Airlines, Hotel & Ground Service Providers; Distributing Customized Itinerary to Tour Leader, Guide, Driver & Transporter; Standard Procedures for Pickup and Drop, Preparation of Feedback or Guest Comment Sheet, Analysis of Comments of Guest; Tour Guides & Escorts, WATA guidelines; Relation with service suppliers; Travel agency appointments; and International regulations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 26. Travel Documentation, Formalities, Cargo & Airport Procedures: Familiarization with TIM (Travel Information Manual), Passport & VISA- Meaning, Types, Procedures, Validity, Necessary Information to fill the Passport and VISA Form for Issuance; Health Certificates, Currency, Travel Insurance, Credit & Debit Card; Customs, Currency, Baggage and Airport information; Citizenship – Passport - Visa - FEMA – Foreigners Registration Act – Customs – RBI guidelines - Criminal Law - Registration of cases; Cargo handling - Baggage allowance, free access baggage, Weigh and piece concept, Accountability of lost baggage, Dangerous goods, Cargo rates ad valuation charges; Automation and airport procedures; Tour Brochures - element and importance of brochure. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 27. Hospitality Industry: Characteristics, Concepts & Accommodation Management: Distinctive characteristics of Hospitality Industry - Inflexibility, Intangibility, Perishability, fixed location, relatively large financial investment etc.; Concepts of Atithi Devo Bhavah; Hotel and the other lodging facilities; types of hotels and hotel departments; classification of hotels; chain operations; E- Hospitality; Types of accommodation; Activities in Accommodation Management – Front office – Housekeeping – Bar and Restaurant - Supporting services. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 28. Hotel Operations in India: Incentives, Regulations, Front Office & Housekeeping: Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives offered to hotel industry in India, ethical and regulatory aspects in a hotel, international hotel regulations; Duties and responsibilities of front office staff; Reservation & registration- Types of Room, Types of Bedding, Meal plans, room assignments, check-in, methods of payment, type of hotel guests; Factors affecting the price of accommodation; important functions of Housekeeping Management, liaison with other departments, room supplies, Bed making and related types of service; Housekeeping department-Hierarchy, duties & responsibilities of housekeeping staff. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 29. Food & Beverage Operations in Hospitality: Food Production Organization, Kitchen, Buffets, Beverages Operation, Functions, Outlets of F & B; Types of Meal Plans, Types of Restaurant-Menu, Room Service; Catering Services-Food Service for the Airlines, Banquette, Corporate, MICE, Retail Food Market, Business/Industrial Food Service, Healthcare Food Service, club food services; Trends in lodging and food services; Food & Beverage Department of a hotel: Hierarchy, duties & responsibilities of staff. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 30. Services Marketing in Tourism: Concepts, Planning & Quality Assurance: Concept of Goods & Services; Characteristics of Service; Salient features of Marketing Services: Services Marketing – Concept, Need & Significance, Types of Tourism Services; Tourism Marketing Environment, Strategic Planning and Marketing Process, Organizing and Implementing marketing in the Tourism Organization; Service Quality, Gap Model of Service Quality; Marketing Research; Market Segmentation - Targeting and positioning for competitive advantage; Relationship Marketing; Familiarization Trip. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 31. Tourism Marketing Mix, Strategies & Distribution: P’s of Tourism Marketing- Product, Place, Price, Promotion, Physical Evidence, People, Process & Packaging; Designing Tourism Product – Branding and Packaging, Product Development – Product Life Cycle & Its Various Stages; Pricing Strategies and Approaches; Advertising – Sales Promotion – Publicity – Personal Selling; Tourism Distribution Channels, Cooperation and conflict Management. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 32. Modern Marketing Approaches & Destination Branding in Tourism: Global Marketing, Direct Marketing, Social Media & Digital Marketing, Green Marketing; Corporate Social Responsibility, Marketing Ethics & Consumerism; Destination Image Development - Attributes of Destinations, Destination resource analysis, measurement of destination image - Destination branding perspectives and challenges- Creating the Unique Destination Proposition - Place branding and destination image - Destination image formation process; unstructured image -Product development and packaging - Institutional Support & Public Private Partnership in Destination Marketing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 33. Tourism Planning & Policy Formulation: Tourism planning - Role of Govt. public and private sectors in formulation of tourism policy; Roles of international, national, state and local tourism organizations in carrying out tourism policies; Tourism planning for thrust areas, special tourism areas & zones identified by Ministry of Tourism, Government of India; Sustainable tourism development, Pro-poor Tourism and Community Participation; Responsible tourism; Tourism Policy - Factors influencing tourism policy; National Tourism Policy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 34. Levels of Tourism Planning, Approaches & Development Frameworks: Levels of Tourism planning - International, national, regional, state and local, the traditional, approach and PASLOP method of tourism planning; important feature of five year tourism plans in India; Elements Agents, Processes and typologies of tourism development; State tourism policies; National Planning Policies for Destination Development- WTO Guidelines for Planners - Role of urban civic bodies: Town planning -Characteristics of rural tourism planning. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 35. Economic Systems, Demand, Impacts & Monetary Policy in Tourism: Economic System and Its Impact on Tourism Development, Macro & Micro Economic System, Demand & Supply, Determinants , Measurement of Tourism Demand, Forecasting, Methods of Demand Forecasting, Inflation, Recession, Savings & Investment, Export & Import, Multiplier Effects &Its Types, Displacement Effect, Costs and Benefits of Tourism, Monetary Policy- Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, Cash Reserve Ratio(CRR). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 36. Statistical Analysis in Tourism: Descriptive & Inferential Statistics: Statistics: Measures of central tendency- mean, median, mode; measures of dispersion- range, standard deviation, variance, etc.; skewness and kurtosis; correlation and regression- scatter plots, lines of best fit, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients; Regression- bivariate and multivariate; Distributions- discrete and continuous; Normal distribution, sampling distribution; hypothesis testing – parametric vs. non-parametric tests, t-tests, ANOVA, Chi-square tests, run Test, sign tests, Wald- Walfowitz Test, Kursal Walis Test, Komogrov- Smirnov Test. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 37. Research Methodology in Tourism: Design, Data Collection & Analysis: Research and theory, types and methods of research; review of literature; variables and measurement, concepts, constructs and formulation of hypothesis; Sampling, methods of data collection, development of schedules and questionnaires, scales and fieldwork; Qualitative research: quantitative vs. qualitative research; techniques- Grounded Theory, Ethnography, Case method of research, Content Analysis, Phenomenology, Narrative research, mixed methods; Analysis, tools- Factor analysis, discriminant analysis, conjoint analysis, multiple regression, etc.; Report writing, types of report. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 38. Management Principles & Functions in Organizations: Managerial processes, functions, skills, and roles in organization, Systems, contingency and operational approaches to management; External and internal environment affecting managerial decisions – social responsibilities of business – evolution of management thought; functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 39. Organizational Behaviour, Dynamics & Structure: Understanding & Managing Individual & Group Behaviour – Personality, Perception, Learning, Values & attitudes, persuasion, Theories of Motivation, Factors affecting group behaviour, group & individual dimensions, understanding work team, Communication, Leadership & influence process; Organization structure, centralization vs decentralization, strategy & structure, flat & tall structures, work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control and formalization; Common organizational designs - Simple, bureaucratic, matrix, virtual, boundary less, feminine – Organization as an open system & influence of environment over organizational dynamics with reference to technological innovations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management) Chpater 40. Financial Accounting, Management & Legal Framework in Tourism: Basic Accounting Records and Books of Accounts, Double Entry System, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance, Cash Book, Depreciation Accounting, Final Accounts with Adjustments; Hotel Accounting, Financial management, Concept of raising funds, capital structure, capital budgeting, Internal financial control- meaning, problems unique to hospitality industry, Establishing cost standard, Types of budget, preparation of budget, and zero based budgeting, working capital Management, cash management; Opportunities and challenges for investments in hotel, aviation & Tourism related sectors, Role of TFCI and other financial organizations; Elements of Contract Act – Breach of Contact – Performance of Contract – Indemnity & Guarantee – Bailment - Consumer Protection Act. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Tourism Administration And Management)

Disaster Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Disaster Management Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Introduction to Disaster Management (DM): Key Terms, Definitions, Concepts (Hazard, Risk, Vulnerability, Exposure, Coping Capacity, Resilience, Conflict, Emergencies, and related terms); Disaster Cycle Phases; Applications of different concepts relat (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 2. Natural Hazards: Detailed Classification of Disaster, History of Disasters, Types of Natural Hazards (Earthquakes, Volcanism, Cyclones, Tsunamis, Floods, Droughts, Famines, Landslides, Avalanches, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood); Characteristics, Causes, and Damage Potential of different natural hazards. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 3. Human-Induced Disasters, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment: Classification of Man-made Disasters (Socio-Technical, Technological, Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Disasters); Basics of Vulnerability and Risk Assessment and Management, Concepts of Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity, Analysis of Inherent and Chronic Vulnerabilities, Disaster Risk and its Associated Parameters, Disaster Risk Mitigation Measures, Early Warning Systems, and Common Alert Protocols (CAP). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 4. Disaster Management in India: Hazard and Vulnerability Profile of India; Regional Aspects of Hazard, Risk, and Vulnerability; Emerging Paradigms and Recent Developments in Disaster Management. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 5. Research - Meaning and Concepts: Definitions; Sources of Knowledge, History of Scientific Thought, Paradigm of Research; Theoretical Framework of Research; Types of Research (Social, Applied, Action, Participatory Research); Formulating Research Problem; Literature Review (Sources, Importance, Critical Literature Review, Identifying Gap Areas); Hypothesis (Different Types, Significance, Development of Working Hypothesis, Directional and Non-Directional Hypothesis); Validity & Reliability. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 6. Research Design, Data Collection, Analysis, and Methods: Research Design (Basic Principles, Need, Features of Good Design, Important Concepts); Laws and Theories; Research Approaches; Developing a Research Plan; Determining Experimental and Sample Designs; Types of Research Methods; Methods, Sources, or Tools for Data Collection; Construction of Questionnaire, Interview Schedule, and Interview Guide; Sampling (Concepts, Types, Techniques); Variables; Data Processing; Data Analysis and Statistics; Methods of Hypothesis Testing; Type of Errors; Generalization and Interpretation of Data. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 7. Ethical Considerations in Research: Ethical Issues in Research; Identifying and Avoiding Bias; Academic Integrity and Prevention of Plagiarism; Guidelines in Research; Informed Consent; Privacy Concerns. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 8. Disaster Research: Definitions and Concepts; Methodology and Methods of Transdisciplinary Research; Methods in Contemporary Disaster Research; Research Methods in Disaster and Humanitarian Settings (Qualitative, Quantitative, Mixed); Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction; Approaches to Qualitative Research (Narrative, Phenomenology, Grounded Theory, Ethnography, Autobiography, Case Study, Ethnomethodology); Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR); Research Methods for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM), Natural and Environmental Disasters, Computational Methods, Geographical Methods; Disaster Reconnaissance; Ethics and Ethical Dilemmas in Disasters. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 9. Legal Framework Related to Disasters in India: Disaster Management Act, 2005; Other Related Acts, Policies, Plans, Programmes, and Legislations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 10. International Legal Framework Related to Disasters: Major International Legal Instruments Dealing Specifically with Disasters; Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030; Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015; Yokohama Strategy; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 11. Policies Related to Disasters and Institutional Arrangements: National Policy on Disaster Management 2009; National Disaster Management Plan 2019; State Disaster Management Plans (SDMPs); District Disaster Management Plans (DDMPs); Institutional Arrangements in DM: National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA), District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 12. Disaster Financial Management: Disaster Financial Management Team Composition; Cash Flow Management, Debt Monitoring, Risk Avoidance; Disaster Assessment and Expense Reimbursement (Pertaining to Damage, Emergency Protective Measures); Project and Portfolio Management (Performing Financial Analysis, Maintaining Accurate Financial Records/Documents for Audits); Supply Chain Management; Knowledge of Procurement and Contracting Practices; Disaster Financial Management Activities; Disaster Financial Accounting Systems and Management Processes; Disaster Financial Assistance Programs; Financial Management for Humanitarian Response; Disaster Mitigation Fund and Disaster Response Fund at Central and State Levels. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 13. Disaster Challenges of Vulnerable Populations: Dimensions and Factors Affecting Vulnerabilities; Differential Vulnerability of People Based on Caste, Class, Gender, Age, Location, Disability, Religion, etc.; Disaster Challenges Due to Multiple Vulnerabilities; Cascading Vulnerabilities and Impacts; Intersectionality, Vulnerability, and Resilience. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 14. Specific Vulnerable Groups in Disasters - Gender, Children, and Elderly: Understanding Sex, Gender, and Gendered Vulnerability; Gender Differentials in Disaster Cycle, Coping Strategies, and Resilience; Gender-Inclusive and Gender-Sensitive DM Best Practices; Women, Work, and Livelihood Issues; Basic Concepts in Child-Centered DRR, Vulnerability of Children, Children in Disaster Cycle, Coping/Resilience, Child-Inclusive/Sensitive DM Best Practices; Basic Concepts of DRR for Elderly Population, Vulnerability of Elderly, Older People in Disaster Cycle, Coping/Resilience, Elderly-Inclusive/Sensitive DM Best Practices. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 15. Disability and Disasters: Basic Concepts and Terminologies (Impairment, Disability, Handicap); Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD); Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (2016); Types and Models of Disability; Vulnerability of Persons with Disabilities (PwD); Differential Impact of Disasters on PwD; Disability Issues in Disaster Cycle; Coping Strategies and Resilience of PwD; Disability Inclusive DRR (Approaches, Identifying PwD, VCA/Early Warning Systems, Search/Rescue/Evacuation, Shelter Management, Accessibility Guidelines, IEC Material, Rehabilitation); Disability-Sensitive DM Best Practices; Disaster/Emergency Frameworks and Disability References; Disability Frameworks and Disaster References. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 16. Development and Disasters: Sustainable Development; Impact of Development Projects (Dams, Embankments, Changes in Land-Use etc.); Vulnerability to Shanty Settlements; Vulnerability in the City, Risk in Urban Areas, Issues in Urban Planning, Initiatives for Risk Reduction in India; Disaster Resilient Infrastructure. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 17. Indian Knowledge Systems, Economic Aspects, Poverty, and Livelihoods in Disasters: Local Knowledge and Practices for DRR; Indian Knowledge about Disasters (Early Warning Systems/Indicators, Coping Strategies/Disaster Response, Distinctive Settlement Patterns, Livelihood Preferences, Sociocultural Practices/Traditions, Managing Natural Resources/Disaster Risks, Literary Sources, Global Best Practices/Lessons Learned); Identifying Natural Disasters with Potential Financial Implications, Measuring Local Government Financial Vulnerability/Capacity to Address Natural Disasters, Identifying Regional Financial Vulnerabilities, Direct/Indirect Costs, Welfare Losses/Damages, Challenges in Economic Assessments of Disaster Losses; Poverty and DRR; Livelihoods and DRR. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 18. Roles of Local Institutions in DM: Roles and Responsibilities of Community, Panchayati Raj Institutions/Urban Local Bodies (PRIs/ULBs), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and Other Stakeholders in DM. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 19. Reducing Risk of Disasters in Communities: Strategies of Risk Reduction; People's Participation; Role of Civil Society and Volunteer Organizations; Activities and Roles of Community Action for DRR; Participatory Risk Assessment Methods; Culture of Safety, Prevention, Mitigation, and Preparedness. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 20. Community Risk Management: Community Assets and Social Wealth; Community Risk Mapping; Living with Risk; Policy Perspectives (Sendai Framework for DRR); Conflict Resolution through Collaboration and Consensus; Citizens Forum, Public Voices, and Public Sphere; Social Justice Challenges; Media Advocacy for DM; Building Resilience for Disaster Risk Management; Disaster Literacy of Communities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 21. Health Systems and Infrastructure: National and Local Health Systems; Tiers of Healthcare Services; Clinical Services; Health Information System; Human Resources for Health; Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Systems; Evaluation of Disaster Programs and Projects; Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems & Infrastructure. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 22. Disaster Health and Communicable Diseases: Concepts of Disaster Health, Endemic, Outbreak, Epidemic, and Pandemic; Health Consequences of Disasters; Health-EDRM Framework; Public Health Preparedness and Response; Communicable Diseases as Public Health Threats; Principles of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control; Major Disease in Emergency and Non-Emergency Settings; Setting Up Disease Control Programmes; Monitoring, Evaluation, and Research for Disease Control Programmes. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 23. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) in Emergencies: Diseases Related to Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene; Community Involvement in Hygiene Promotion, Disease Prevention, and Mitigation; Improving Environmental Conditions; Water Quantity and Water Quality; Emergency Water Supply Strategy and Techniques; Water-Borne and Water-Induced Diseases; Vector Borne Diseases Control; Water and Sanitation in Cholera Outbreak Response; Hygiene and Food Safety; Solid Waste Management; Excreta Disposal; Planning Guidelines for Institutions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 24. Disaster Epidemiology, Outbreak Investigation, and Public Health Surveillance: Basic Concepts of Epidemiology (Epidemiological Triad, Role in Disasters, Methods/Methodological Challenges, Disaster-Related Exposures, Mortality/Morbidity, Health Management Information System (HMIS), Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA), Disaster Registries, Epidemiological Survey, Post-Disaster Epidemiological Investigations/Studies, Influenza Epidemiology); Definition and Criteria of Outbreak, Steps of an Outbreak Investigation, Prevention of Outbreaks, Trigger Alerts, Principles/Methods of Investigations for Food/Water/Air/Vector Borne Outbreaks; Concept and Types of Surveillance, Indicator & Event-Based Surveillance, Surveillance Design/Evaluation/Common Problems, Components of Surveillance System, Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP), Early Warning, Alert and Response System (EWARS). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 25. Biological Disasters, Pandemics, Public Health Emergencies, and Emerging/Re-Emerging Diseases: Infectious Diseases, Biological Disasters, Epidemics, Pandemics, Public Health Emergencies (Concepts, Impacts, Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery, Early Warnings/Containment Strategies, DRR/DM Measures); Biological Hazards (Types, Risk Groups); Biological Warfare and Bioterrorism (Threats, Capacity Building, Response); Biosafety and Biosecurity; Agrocrime and Agroterrorism; Healthcare Waste, Biomedical Waste and Their Management; Pandemic (Basics, Stages, Risks, Impacts, Mitigation, Case Studies); International Health Regulations (IHR); Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC); Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA); Rapid Response Teams and Capacity Building; Mass Vaccination Issues; Emerging Diseases, Re-Emerging Diseases, Factors for Emergence, Zoonotic Diseases, Overview of Common Emerging/Re-Emerging Diseases. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 26. Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS), One Health, and Other Emerging Health Issues: Stressors, Protective Factors, Mental Health Disorder in Emergencies/Disasters; Disaster Mental Health (Basics, Phases, Response, Responders); Normal/Abnormal Human Response to Disaster; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); General Measures and Psychosocial Support Interventions (Psychological First Aid (PFA), Psychological Debriefings, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Community Based Interventions); Disaster Mental Health Counselling; Managing Stress and Well-Being; Basics of One Health Concept, One Health Preparedness, One Health Approach for DM; Risk Assessment/Management in Health Organizations, Health Advice for Emergency Responders, Health in DRR Frameworks, Health Related Vulnerability/Rehabilitation, CBRNe Disasters (Basics, Case Studies, Management Strategies), Nutrition/Food Safety, Care of Road Traffic Injuries Victims, Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH), Maternal Health/Safe Motherhood, Infant/Young Child Feeding, Antimicrobial Resistance. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 27. Introduction to Environment and Ecology: The Global Concern; Natural Resources and Energy Resources (Renewable/Non-Renewable); Water Resources and Forest Resources; Biodiversity and Conservation, Threats to Biodiversity; Branches of Ecology, Habitat and Ecological Niche; Ecosystem (Concepts, Types, Component, Function, Structure); Biogeochemical Cycles; Energy Flow in Ecosystem (Law of Thermodynamics, Flow of Energy, Food Chains, Food Web, Ecological Pyramids, Ecological Balance); Community Dynamics (Hydrosphere, Xerosere); Population Dynamics (Structural/Functional Aspects, Death Antagonism). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 28. Environmental Pollution and Climate Resilience: Sources of Pollution; Different Types of Pollution (Air, Water, Soil, Marine, Noise, Thermal); Pollution Case Studies (London Smog Disaster, Ganga/Yamuna Pollution); Cost of Pollution Management; Causes of Environmental Pollution; Climatology (Origin, Composition/Structure of Atmosphere, Insolation, Distribution of Temperature, Atmospheric Pressure/Motion, General Atmospheric Circulation, Classification of World Climates - Koppen's/Thornthwaite's Schemes, Heat Budget, Hydrological Cycle); Climate Resilience (Meaning, Concept, Indicators, Causes, Theories). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 29. Environmental Health, Safety, Disasters, Eco-based Approaches, and Nature-Based Solutions: Hailstorms; Heat Waves, Terminal Heat, and Heat-Related Illness; Cold Waves, Frost, and Fog; Climate Change (Global Warming, Acid Rains, Ozone Layer Depletion); Effect of Weather, Climate Variability, and Climate Change on Population Health; Ecosystem-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (EcoDRR – Introduction, Tools, Approaches); Natural Resources Management, Traditional Environmental Wisdom and Disasters; Disaster Risk Management (PEDRR - Partnership for Environment and DRR), Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and its Linkages with EcoDRR; Ecological Approaches and Integrated Ecosystem Management; Nature Based Solutions (NBSs). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 30. Occupational Health and Safety: Occupational Hazards (Overview, Classification, Role in Different Industries); Indian Occupational Safety Scenario; Concept and Spectrum of Occupational Health; Occupational Health Services (Basics, Structure, Functional Units, Activities); Occupational Health Screening; Occupational Diseases, Notifiable Occupational Diseases (Effects, Prevention); Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation, Audiometric Tests, Eye Tests, Vital Function Tests; Industrial Toxicology (Local, Systemic, Chronic, Temporary, Cumulative Effects, Carcinogens Entry into Human Systems); Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomics; Industrial Disasters (Classification, Investigation, Prevention); Agricultural Respiratory Hazards and Diseases; Corporate and Office Hazards and Diseases; Occupational Health, Safety, and Disaster Prevention. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 31. Accident Investigation, Reporting, and Fire Disaster Safety: Incident Recall Technique (IRT); Disaster Control; Job Safety Analysis, Safety Survey, Safety Inspection, Safety Sampling; Safety Audit; Concept of an Accident, Reportable/Non-Reportable Accidents; Unsafe Act and Condition, Principles of Accident Prevention; Role of Safety Committee, Accident Causation Models, Cost of Accident; Overall Accident Investigation Process (Response to Accidents, India Reporting Requirement, Planning Document, Planning Matrix, Investigators Kit, Functions of Investigator, Four Types of Evidences, Records of Accidents, Accident Reports); Forest Fire, Wild Fire, and Fire Following Earthquakes (Vulnerability Assessment, Risk Assessment, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 32. Basics of Remote Sensing (RS): History, Development, Definition, Concept & Principles; Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and its Characteristics; Wavelength Regions and their Significance; Interaction of EMR with Atmosphere and Earth's Surface (Absorption, Reflectance, Scattering, Atmospheric Windows, Energy Balance Equation, Spectral Response/Signature); Spectral, Spatial, Temporal, and Radiometric Resolutions; Concept of Satellite, Sensor, Orbit; Satellite Image and Various Interpretation Techniques; Digital Image Processing Techniques. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 33. Basic Concepts of Geographic Information System (GIS): Definition, Philosophy & Historical Evolution; Spatial vs. Non-Spatial Data; Components of GIS; Spatial Data Models (Raster and Vector - Advantages & Disadvantages); Raster Data & its Representation (Data Structure & File Format, Data Compression - Block Code, Chain Code, Run Length Code, Quadtree, MrSID); Vector Data Representation (Data Structure & File Format, Topology); Advantage of DBMS in Context of GIS; Data Input and Projections; Geometric Transformation of Raster and Vector Data. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 34. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Using GIS and RS: RS & GIS Global and National Initiatives for Disaster Risk Management; Hazard Evaluation and Zonation; Risk and Vulnerability Assessment; Damage Assessment; Land Use Planning and Regulation for Sustainable Development. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 35. Introduction to Information & Communications Technology (ICT) and its Applications in DM: ICT Approaches in DM; Changing Media Environments and Efficient Use of ICT for Disaster Communication; Disaster Informatics and Multimedia Educational Application for Risk Reduction; Current State and Solutions for Future Challenges in Alerting Technologies; ICT Applications, Tools, and Techniques; Efficient Deployment of ICT Tools; Utilizing ICT Applications for Decision Support in Disaster Mitigation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 36. Sensor Technologies and Computing Infrastructure in DRR: Introduction to Sensor Technologies; Types of Sensor Systems (Benefits, Limitations, Efficient Use); Design and Deployment Practices; Use of Sensor Technologies and Computing Infrastructure for Environmental Risks, Emergency, and Rescue Operations. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 37. Other Emerging Technologies for Disaster Risk Management: Big Data, Machine Learning, and Database Management; Artificial Intelligence (AI), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Robotics; Social Media. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 38. Emergency Response Procedures, Systems, Shelter, and Support Functions: Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) for Disaster Response; Information Management System; Warning Dissemination; First Responders; Evacuation; Search and Rescue Operations; Relief Operations; Emergency Operation Center (EOC); Incident Response System (Overview, Features, Incident Response Teams); Resource Management & Networking (India Disaster Resource Network); Role of Disaster Response Forces and Community Based Organizations (CBO) in Emergency Response Mechanism; Assistance to Self-Sheltering Populations; Emergency Shelter and Intermediate Shelter; Short-Term Shelter in Existing Buildings; Site Selection and Arrangement of Emergency Settlements; Longer-Term Issues for Emergency Settlements; Vector and Pest Control; Emergency Support Functions and their details. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 39. Emergency Health Services: Health in Emergencies; Planning, Continuity, and Access for Emergency Health Services; Prehospital Care (First Aid in Different Cases, Basic Life Support (BLS), Wound Management, Handling of Injured Persons); First Aid Triage (Principles, Types, and Triage Systems); Public Health Emergency Operations Centre (PHEOC – Framework and Key Concepts); Mass Casualty Management; Emergency Medical Preparedness and Response; Hospital Emergency Disaster Management Plan; Hospital Safety and Preparedness; Health Emergency Teams; Identification and Handling of Human Remains. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management) Chpater 40. Risk Communication and Media & Public Affairs in Disasters: Disaster and Communication (Role of Communication in Disaster, Nature and Scope of Communication); Models and Processes of Communication as Applied to DM; Sender and Receiver Oriented Views; Seven Traditions of Communication and its Relevance to DM; Normative Perspective on Disaster Communication; Disaster Warnings as Risk Communication (Risk Perception, Hazard Awareness); Cultural Influences on Risk Communication; Cultural Cognition Theory of Risk Approaches Influencing Hazard Adjustment and Adoption; Overview of the Media and Public Affairs; Role of Media in DM and Humanitarian Crisis; Objectives of Mass Media; Ethical Issues in Disaster Communication; Understanding News Media Coverage of Disaster (Biases and Stereotypes); Reporting on Disaster Issues and Challenges (Newsworthiness, Phases of Disaster Reporting, Sources of News, Checklist for Disaster Reporting); Media Relations during Emergency Situations; Alternative Media During Crisis; Tools for Social Media (Applications and Use). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Disaster Management)

Environmental Sciences Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Environmental Sciences Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences: Definition, Principles and Scope of Environmental Science; Structure and composition of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere; Interaction between Earth, Man and Environment. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 2. Energy and Material Dynamics: Laws of thermodynamics, heat transfer processes, mass and energy transfer across various interfaces, material balance; Meteorological parameters - pressure, temperature, precipitation, humidity, mixing ratio, saturation mixing ratio, radiation and wind velocity, adiabatic lapse rate, environmental lapse rate; Wind roses. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 3. Global Environmental Context and Resources: Biogeographic provinces of the world and agro-climatic zones of India; Concept of sustainable development; Natural resources and their assessment. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 4. Geospatial Techniques and Environmental Awareness: Remote Sensing and GIS: Principles of remote sensing and GIS, Digital image processing and ground truthing, Application of remote sensing and GIS in land cover/land use planning and management (urban sprawling, vegetation study, forestry, natural resource), waste management and climate change; Environmental education and awareness; Environmental ethics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 5. Core Chemical Principles in Environment: Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry: Classification of elements, Stoichiometry, Gibbs’ energy, chemical potential, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibria, solubility of gases in water, the carbonate system, unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, radioisotopes; Composition of air: Particles, ions and radicals in the atmosphere, Chemical speciation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 6. Atmospheric and Aquatic Chemistry: Chemical processes in the formation of inorganic and organic particulate matters, thermochemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere, Oxygen and Ozone chemistry, Photochemical smog; Hydrological cycle, Water as a universal solvent, Concept of DO, BOD and COD, Sedimentation, coagulation, flocculation, filtration, pH and Redox potential (Eh). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 7. Soil Chemistry and Toxicology: Inorganic and organic components of soils; Biogeochemical cycles – nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus and sulphur; Toxic chemicals: Pesticides and their classification and effects, Biochemical aspects of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr) and metalloids (As, Se), CO, O3, PAN, VOC and POP, Carcinogens in the air. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 8. Analytical Techniques in Environmental Chemistry: Principles of analytical methods: Titrimetry, Gravimetry, Bomb Calorimetry, Chromatography (Paper Chromatography, TLC, GC and HPLC), Flame photometry, Spectrophotometry (UV-VIS, AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS), Electrophoresis, XRF, XRD, NMR, FTIR, GC-MS, SEM, TEM. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 9. Foundations of Ecology and Ecosystems: Ecology as an inter-disciplinary science, Origin of life and speciation, Human Ecology and Settlement; Ecosystem Structure (Biotic and Abiotic components) and functions (Energy flow in ecosystems, energy flow models, food chains and food webs, Biogeochemical cycles, Ecological succession). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 10. Ecosystem Diversity and Stability: Species diversity, Concept of ecotone, edge effects, ecological habitats and niche; Ecosystem stability and factors affecting stability, Ecosystem services; Basis of Ecosystem classification and Types of Ecosystem: Desert (hot and cold), forest, rangeland, wetlands, lotic, lentic, estuarine (mangrove), Oceanic. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 11. Biomes and Population Dynamics: Biomes: Concept, classification and distribution, Characteristics of different biomes: Tundra, Taiga, Grassland, Deciduous forest biome, Highland Icy Alpine Biome, Chapparal, Savanna, Tropical Rain forest; Population ecology: Characteristics of population, concept of carrying capacity, population growth and regulations, Population fluctuations, dispersion and metapopulation, Concept of ‘r’ and ‘k’ species, Keystone species. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 12. Community Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation: Community ecology: Definition, community concept, types and interaction - predation, herbivory, parasitism and allelopathy, Biological invasions; Biodiversity and its conservation: Definition, types, importance of biodiversity and threats to biodiversity, Concept and basis of identification of ‘Hotspots’; hotspots in India, Measures of biodiversity, Strategies for biodiversity conservation: in situ, ex situ and in vitro conservation, National parks, Sanctuaries, Protected areas and Sacred groves in India, Concepts of gene pool, biopiracy and bio-prospecting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 13. Applied Ecology and Environmental Health: Concept of restoration ecology, Extinct, Rare, Endangered and Threatened flora and fauna of India; Concept of Industrial Ecology; Toxicology and Microbiology: Absorption, distribution and excretion of toxic agents, acute and chronic toxicity, concept of bioassay, threshold limit value, margin of safety, therapeutic index, biotransformation, Major water borne diseases and air borne microbes; Environmental Biotechnology: Bioremediation – definition, types and role of plants and microbes for in situ and ex situ remediation, Bioindicators, Biofertilizers, Biofuels and Biosensors. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 14. Earth's Origin and Structure: Origin of earth; Primary geochemical differentiation and formation of core, mantle, crust, atmosphere and hydrosphere; Concept of minerals and rocks; Formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks; Controls on formation of landforms - tectonic including plate tectonic and climatic. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 15. Earth's Climate Systems and Dynamics: Concept of steady state and equilibrium, Energy budget of the earth, Earth’s thermal environment and seasons; Coriolis force, pressure gradient force, frictional force, geo-strophic wind field, gradient wind; Climates of India, western disturbances, Indian monsoon, droughts, El Nino, La Nina; Concept of residence time and rates of natural cycles; Geophysical fields. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 16. Geoprocesses and Soil Science: Weathering including weathering reactions, erosion, transportation and deposition of sediments; Soil forming minerals and process of soil formation, Identification and characterization of clay minerals, Soil physical and chemical properties, soil types and climate control on soil formation, Cation exchange capacity and mineralogical controls; Geochemical classification of elements, abundance of elements in bulk earth, crust, hydrosphere and biosphere, Partitioning of elements during surficial geologic processes, Geochemical recycling of elements; Paleoclimate. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 17. Hydrogeology, Resources, and Hazards: Distribution of water in earth, hydrology and hydrogeology, major basins and groundwater provinces of India, Darcy’s law and its validity, groundwater fluctuations, hydraulic conductivity, groundwater tracers, land subsidence, effects of excessive use of groundwater, groundwater quality, Pollution of groundwater resources, Ghyben-Herzberg relation between fresh-saline water; Natural resource exploration and exploitation and related environmental concerns, Historical perspective and conservation of non-renewable resources; Natural Hazards: Catastrophic geological hazards - floods, landslides, earthquakes, volcanism, avalanche, tsunami and cloud bursts, Prediction of hazards and mitigation of their impacts. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 18. Energy Sources - Solar and Fossil Fuels: Sun as source of energy; solar radiation and its spectral characteristics; Fossil fuels: classification, composition, physico-chemical characteristics and energy content of coal, petroleum and natural gas, Shale oil, Coal bed Methane, Gas hydrates, Gross-calorific value and net-calorific value. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 19. Renewable and Nuclear Energy Technologies: Principles of generation of hydro-power, tidal energy, ocean thermal energy conversion, wind power, geothermal energy, solar energy (solar collectors, photo-voltaic modules, solar ponds); Nuclear energy - fission and fusion, Nuclear fuels, Nuclear reactor – principles and types; Bioenergy: methods to produce energy from biomass. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 20. Environmental Impacts of Energy Use: Environmental implications of energy use; energy use pattern in India and the world, emissions of CO2 in developed and developing countries including India, radiative forcing and global warming; Impacts of large scale exploitation of solar, wind, hydro and nuclear energy sources. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 21. Air Pollution - Sources, Monitoring, and Impacts: Air Pollution: Sources and types of Pollutants - Natural and anthropogenic sources, primary and secondary pollutants, Criteria air pollutants; Sampling and monitoring of air pollutants (gaseous and particulates); period, frequency and duration of sampling, Principles and instruments for measurements of (i) ambient air pollutants concentration and (ii) stack emissions; Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Impact of air pollutants on human health, plants and materials; Acid rain. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 22. Air Pollutant Dispersion and Control: Dispersion of air pollutants, Mixing height/depth, lapse rates, Gaussian plume model, line source model and area source model; Control devices for particulate matter: Principle and working of: settling chamber, centrifugal collectors, wet collectors, fabric filters and electrostatic precipitator; Control of gaseous pollutants through adsorption, absorption, condensation and combustion including catalytic combustion; Indoor air pollution, Vehicular emissions and Urban air quality. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 23. Noise Pollution - Measurement and Control: Noise Pollution: Sources, weighting networks, measurement of noise indices (Leq, L10, L90, L50, LDN, TNI), Noise dose and Noise Pollution standards; Noise control and abatement measures: Active and Passive methods; Vibrations and their measurements; Impact of noise and vibrations on human health. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 24. Water Pollution - Quality, Standards, and Treatment: Water Pollution: Types and sources of water pollution, Impact on humans, plants and animals; Measurement of water quality parameters: sampling and analysis for pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, hardness, chlorides, salinity, DO, BOD, COD, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, heavy metals and organic contaminants, Microbiological analysis – MPN; Indian standards for drinking water (IS:10500, 2012); Drinking water treatment: Coagulation and flocculation, Sedimentation and Filtration, Disinfection and Softening; Wastewater Treatment: Primary, Secondary and Advanced treatment methods, Common effluent treatment plant. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 25. Soil, Thermal, Marine, and Radioactive Pollution: Soil Pollution: Physico-chemical and biological properties of soil (texture, structure, inorganic and organic components), Analysis of soil quality, Soil Pollution control, Industrial effluents and their interactions with soil components, Soil micro-organisms and their functions - degradation of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers; Thermal Pollution: Sources of Thermal Pollution, Heat Islands, causes and consequences; Marine Pollution: Sources and impact of Marine Pollution, Methods of Abatement of Marine Pollution, Coastal management; Radioactive pollution – sources, biological effects of ionizing radiations, radiation exposure and radiation standards, radiation protection. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 26. Solid Waste - Characteristics and Logistics: Solid Waste - types and sources; Solid waste characteristics, generation rates, solid waste components, proximate and ultimate analyses of solid wastes; Solid waste collection and transportation: container systems - hauled and stationary, layout of collection routes, transfer stations and transportation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 27. Solid Waste Processing, Recovery, and Disposal: Solid waste processing and recovery – Recycling, recovery of materials for recycling and direct manufacture of solid waste products, Electrical energy generation from solid waste (Fuel pellets, Refuse derived fuels), composting and vermicomposting, biomethanation of solid waste; Disposal of solid wastes – sanitary land filling and its management, incineration of solid waste. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 28. Hazardous, E-waste, Fly Ash, and Plastic Waste Management: Hazardous waste – Types, characteristics and health impacts; Hazardous waste management: Treatment Methods – neutralization, oxidation reduction, precipitation, solidification, stabilization, incineration and final disposal; e-waste: classification, methods of handling and disposal; Fly ash: sources, composition and utilisation; Plastic waste: sources, consequences and management. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 29. Environmental Assessment and Management Systems: Aims and objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP), EIA Guidelines, Impact Assessment Methodologies, Procedure for reviewing EIA of developmental projects, Life-cycle analysis, costbenefit analysis; Guidelines for Environmental Audit, Environmental Planning as a part of EIA and Environmental Audit, Environmental Management System Standards (ISO14000 series). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 30. EIA Notification, Eco-labeling, and Risk Assessment: EIA Notification, 2006 and amendments from time to time; Eco-labeling schemes; Risk Assessment - Hazard identification, Hazard accounting, Scenarios of exposure, Risk characterization and Risk management. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 31. Core Environmental Legislation in India: Overview of Environmental Laws in India: Constitutional provisions in India (Article 48A and 51A), Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 amendments 1991, Forest Conservation Act, 1980, Indian Forest Act, Revised 1982, Biological Diversity Act, 2002, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988 and Rules 1975, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 amended 1987 and Rules 1982, Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules 1986, Motor Vehicle Act, 1988. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 32. Specific Waste Management and Safety Rules in India: The Hazardous and Other Waste (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, The Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016, The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, The e-waste (Management) Rules 2016, The Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016, The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (Amendment) Rules, 2000, The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2010 with Amendments; The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Rules 1991, Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Coastal Regulation Zones (CRZ) 1991 amended from time to time. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 33. National Environmental Policies and International Agreements: National Forest Policy, 1988, National Water Policy, 2002, National Environmental Policy, 2006; Environmental Conventions and Agreements: Stockholm Conference on Human Environment 1972, Montreal Protocol, 1987, Conference of Parties (COPs), Basel Convention (1989, 1992), Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (1971), Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro, 1992, Agenda-21, Global Environmental Facility (GEF), Convention on Biodiversity (1992), UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, 1997, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Earth Summit at Johannesburg, 2002, RIO+20, UN Summit on Millennium Development Goals, 2000, Copenhagen Summit, 2009; IPCC, UNEP, IGBP. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 34. Statistical Fundamentals in Environmental Science: Attributes and Variables: types of variables, scales of measurement, measurement of Central tendency and Dispersion, Standard error, Moments – measure of Skewness and Kurtosis; Basic concept of probability theory, Sampling theory. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 35. Statistical Distributions and Hypothesis Testing: Distributions - Normal, log-normal, Binomial, Poisson, t, ?2 (chi-square) and F-distribution; Correlation, Regression, tests of hypothesis (t-test, ?2- test ANOVA: one-way and two-way); significance and confidence limits. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 36. Environmental Modelling Approaches: Approaches to development of environmental models; linear, simple and multiple regression models, validation and forecasting; Models of population growth and interactions: Lotka-Voltera model, Leslie’s matrix model. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 37. Global Environmental Challenges and National Action Plans: Global Environmental Issues – Biodiversity loss, Climate change, Ozone layer depletion, Sea level rise, International efforts for environmental protection; National Action Plan on Climate Change (Eight National missions – National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Water Mission, National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for a ‘Green India’, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 38. Key Environmental Issues and Conservation Efforts in India: Current Environmental Issues in India: Environmental issues related to water resource projects - Narmada dam, Tehri dam, Almatti dam, Cauvery and Mahanadi, Hydro-power projects in Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal and North-Eastern States; Water conservation-development of watersheds, Rain water harvesting and ground water recharge, National river conservation plan – Namami Gange and Yamuna Action Plan, Eutrophication and restoration of lakes, Conservation of wetlands, Ramsar sites in India; Soil erosion, reclamation of degraded land, desertification and its control; Climate change - adaptability, energy security, food security and sustainability. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 39. Conservation Movements, Wildlife Projects, and Sustainable Practices in India: Forest Conservation – Chipko movement, Appiko movement, Silent Valley movement and Gandhamardhan movement, People Biodiversity register; Wild life conservation projects: Project tiger, Project Elephant, Crocodile Conservation, GOI-UNDP Sea Turtle project, Indo-Rhino vision; Carbon sequestration and carbon credits; Waste Management – Swachha Bharat Abhiyan; Sustainable Habitat: Green Building, GRIHA Rating Norms; Vehicular emission norms in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences) Chpater 40. Environmental Health Issues and Major Disasters: Epidemiological Issues: Fluorosis, Arsenocosis, Goitre, Dengue; Environmental Disasters: Minnamata Disaster, Love Canal Disaster, Bhopal Gas Disaster, 1984, Chernobyl Disaster, 1986, Fukusima Daiichi nuclear disaster, 2011. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Environmental Sciences)

U G C Net Jrf Set Teaching Research Aptitude General Paper I

DOWNLOAD
Author : Dr. Lal
language : en
Publisher: Upkar Prakashan
Release Date : 2010-09

U G C Net Jrf Set Teaching Research Aptitude General Paper I written by Dr. Lal and has been published by Upkar Prakashan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09 with Research aptitude categories.

Modern Ugc Net Slet Tourism Administration Management

DOWNLOAD
Author : A Team Of Experts
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Modern Ugc Net Slet Tourism Administration Management written by A Team Of Experts and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with National Eligibility Test categories.

University Grants Commission (Ugc) Conducts A Competitive Test (Net) For Lecturership And Junior Research Fellowship (Jrf) For Indian Universities. Similarly Various States Also Conduct Similar Tests (Slet) For Recruitment In Their Universities And Colleges. Csir Too Conducts Tests For Filing Positions In Its Fold.This Comprehensive Book Is Designed To Serve As A Guide For All The Aspirants, Appearing At Above Said Examinations In A Particular Subject. It Is Strictly In Accordance With Ugc Syllabus.This Volume On Tourism: Administration And Management Contains All Required Information On The Subject. The Topics Are Categorically Described In Analytical And Coherent Way.This Book Is Prepared By A Team Of Experts In The Field Consisting Of Seasoned Academics, And Professionals Having Long Experience.

Library And Information Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Library And Information Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom; Information Life Cycle - Generation, Collection, Storage and Dissemination. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 2. Role of Information in Planning, Management, Socio-economic, Cultural, Educational and Technological Development; Information Science - Relationship with other subjects, Information Society and Knowledge Society. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 3. Communication – Concept, Types, Theories, Models, Channels and Barriers; Trends in Scholarly Communication; Information Industry - Generators, Providers and Intermediaries. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 4. IPR and Legal Issues - Categories, Conventions, Treaties, Laws; Plagiarism: Concept and Types; Right to Information Act (RTI); Information Technology Act; National Knowledge Commission; National Mission on Libraries. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 5. Historical Development of Libraries in India; Committees and Commissions on Libraries in India; Types of Libraries – Academic, Public, Special and National. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 6. Library Legislation and Library Acts in Indian States; The Press and Registration of Books Act; The Delivery of Books and Newspapers (Public Libraries) Act; Laws of Library Science. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 7. Library and Information Science Profession - Librarianship as a Profession, Professional Skills and Competences; Professional Ethics; Professional Associations - National – ILA, IASLIC, IATLIS; International – IFLA, ALA, CILIP, ASLIB, SLA; Role of UGC, RRRLF and UNESCO in Promotion and Development of Libraries; Library and Information Science Education in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 8. Library Public Relations and Extension Activities; Type of Users - User Studies, User Education; Information Literacy - Areas, Standards, Types and Models; Trends in Information Literacy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 9. Information Sources - Nature, Characteristics, Types and Formats; Sources of Information - Primary, Secondary and Tertiary; Documentary and Non-Documentary. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 10. Primary Information Sources (Print and Electronic) - Journals, Conference Proceedings, Patents, Standards, Theses & Dissertations, Trade Literature; Secondary Information Sources (Print and Electronic) - Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Bibliographies, Indexing & Abstracting, Statistical sources, Handbooks and Manuals. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 11. Tertiary Information Sources (Print and Electronic)- Directories, Year Books, Almanacs; Reference Sources - Bibliographical, Biographical, Educational, Language and Geographical. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 12. Electronic Information Resources - Subject Gateways, Web Portals, Bulletin Boards, Discussion Forums /Groups; Databases: Bibliographic, Numeric, Full text, Multimedia; Open Access Databases; Institutional and Human Resources; Evaluation of Reference Sources and Web Resources. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 13. Community Information Services; Reference Service – Concept and Types; Referral Services; Alerting Services - CAS, SDI, Inter Library Loan and Document Delivery. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 14. Mobile based Library Services and Tools – Mobile OPAC, Mobile Databases, Mobile Library Website, Library Apps, Mobile Library Instructions, Augmented Reality, SMS Alerts, Geo-Location, Reference Enquiry. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 15. Web 2.0 and 3.0 - Library 2.0- Concept, Characteristics, Components; Instant Messaging, RSS Feeds, Podcasts, Vodcasts, Ask a Librarian; Collaborative Services- Social Networks, Academics Social Networks, Social Tagging, Social Bookmarking; Web – Scale Discovery Services. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 16. National Information Systems and Networks: NISCAIR, DESIDOC, SENDOC, ENVIS, INFLIBNET, DELNET, NICNET, ERNET, National Knowledge Network (NKN), Biotechnology Information System Network; International Information Systems and Networks: INIS, AGRIS, INSPEC, MEDLARS, BIOSIS, ERIC, Patent Information System (PIS), Biotechnology Information System (BIS); Library Resource Sharing and Library Consortia – National and International. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 17. Universe of Knowledge - Nature and Attributes; Modes of Formation of Subjects; Knowledge Organisation - Classification – Theories, Cannons, and Principles; Simple Knowledge Organisation System (SKOS), Taxonomies, Folksonomy, Trends in Classification; Mapping of Subjects in Library Classification Schemes – DDC, UDC and CC. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 18. Knowledge Organisation: Cataloguing - Cannons and Principles; Centralized and Co-operative Catalogue; Library Cataloguing Codes: CCC and AACR - II. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 19. Standards of Bibliographic Record Formats and Description – ISBD, MARC 21, CCF, RDA, FRBR, Bibframe; Standards for Bibliographic Information Interchange & Communication – ISO 2709, Z39.50, Z39.71; Metadata Standards: Dublin Core; MARC21, METS, MODES, EAD. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 20. Indexing Systems and Techniques: Assigned - Pre-coordinate; Post-Coordinate; Derived- Title-based; Vocabulary Control; Abstracting – Types and Guidelines; Information Retrieval System – Features, Components, Models and Evaluation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 21. Management - Principles, Functions and Schools of thought; Library and Information Centers Management - Book Selection Tools and Principles; Library Acquisition, Technical Processing, Circulation, Serial Control, Maintenance and Stock Verification. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 22. Preservation and Conservation; Hazards and Control Measures of Library Materials; Human Resource Management – Planning, Job Analysis, Job Description, Job Evaluation, Selection, Recruitment, Motivation, Training and Development, Performance Appraisal; Staff Manual. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 23. Financial Management in Libraries - Sources of Finance, Resource Mobilisation, Budgeting Methods; Cost Effective and Cost Benefit Analysis, Annual Reports & Statistics; Library Authority and Committee; Project Management - SWOT, PEST, PERT / CPM. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 24. Total Quality Management (TQM) - Concepts, Principles and Techniques, Six Sigma; Evaluation of Services of Libraries and Information Centers; Library Building, Furniture and Equipments; Green Library Building; Information Commons; Makers Space; Security and Safety. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 25. Management Information System (MIS), MBO, Change Management, Disaster Management, Crisis Management; Knowledge Management – Principles, Tools, Components and Architecture; Marketing of Library Products and Services – Plan, Research, Strategies, Mix, Segmentation, Pricing and Advertising; Management Consultancy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 26. Computer Technology - Character Representation (ASCII, ISCII, Unicode); Computer Hardware, Software; Storage Devices; Input and Output Devices; Types of Software - System Software, Application Software. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 27. Programming Languages – Object Oriented, Procedural, High Level, Scripting; Web Languages; Telecommunication - Transmission Channels, Mode, and Media, ISDN, PSDN, Multiplexing, Modulation, Standards and Protocols. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 28. Wireless Communication – Media, Wi-fi, Li-fi, Satellite Communication, Mobile Communication; Computer Networks - Topologies, Types of Networks – LAN, MAN, WAN; Internet - Web browsers, WWW, E-mail; Search Engines, Meta and Entity Search engines. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 29. Internet Protocols and Standards – HTTP, SHTTP, FTP, SMTP, TCP/IP, URI, URL; Hypertext, Hypermedia, Multimedia, Video conferencing, Virtual Reality, Augmented Technologies; Data Security, Network Security, Firewalls, Cryptographic Techniques, Anti-virus software, Anti-spyware, Intrusion Detection System. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 30. Library Automation – Areas, Planning, Selection of Hardware and Software, Implementation and Evaluation; Standards for Library Automation; Barcode, RFID, QR Code, Biometric, Smartcard: Features and Applications. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 31. Digitization – Planning, Selection of Materials, Hardware, Software, Process, Issues; Digital Library: Genesis, Characteristics, Types, Architecture; Standards, Formats and Protocols, DOI. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 32. Digital Preservation - Need, Purpose, Standards, Methods, Techniques, Projects (National and International); Digital Library Initiatives – National and International; Institutional Repositories - Need, Purpose, Types and Tools; Institutional Repositories in India; ROAR, DOAR, SHARPA-ROMIO. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 33. Content Management Systems – Architecture, Data Integration, CMS Software – Selection, Implementation and Evaluation; Application of Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems and Robotics in Libraries; Social Mobile Analytics Cloud (SMAC); Cloud Computing; Ontology – Tools (RDF, RDFS, Potege); Semantic Web, Linked Data, Big Data, Data Mining, Data Harvesting. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 34. Research - Concept, Purpose, Functions, Scope and Ethics; Types of Research – Basic and Applied, Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary; Research Methods: Historical, Descriptive, Experimental and Delphi. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 35. Research Design - Selection of Research Problem, Review of Literature; Formulation of Research Problem; Hypothesis – Formulation, Types and Testing; Sampling Techniques; Methods of Data Collection: Questionnaire, Interview, Observation, Library Records, Scales and Checklist. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 36. Data Analysis and Interpretation - Presentation of Data; Statistical Methods/ Techniques; Statistical Packages – Spreadsheet, SPSS, Bibexcel, ‘R’ Statistics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 37. Research Report Writing and Citation Tools – Structure, Style, Contents, Guidelines; Style Manuals; Online Citation Tools; Reference Style Management Tools; Antiplagiarism Tools; Evaluation of Research Report; Metric Studies in LIS - Bibliometrics, Scientometric, Webometrics, Altmetrics; Impact Factors – Journal, Institutional and Authors; h-Index, g-Index, i10 Index; Trends in Library and Information Science Research. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 38. Academic Library and Information System; Public Library and Information System; Special Library and Information System; Health Science Library and Information System. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 39. Corporate Library and Information System; Agricultural Library and Information System; Engineering and Technological Library and Information System. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science) Chpater 40. Archive, Museums and Oriental Libraries; Community Information System; Information Services and System for Persons with Disability, Children and Women. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Library And Information Science)

Marketing And Managing Tourism Destinations

DOWNLOAD
Author : Alastair M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-07-31

Marketing And Managing Tourism Destinations written by Alastair M. Morrison and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-31 with Business & Economics categories.

Marketing and Managing Tourism Destinations is a comprehensive and integrated introductory textbook covering destination management and marketing in one volume. It focuses on how destination management is planned, implemented, and evaluated as well as the management and operations of destination management organizations (DMOs), how they conduct business, major opportunities, and challenges and issues they face to compete for the global leisure and business travel markets. Much has changed since the publication of the second edition of this book in 2018. The COVID-19 pandemic was unpredictable at the time and has caused havoc for destinations and DMOs. The third edition includes many materials about the COVID-19 impacts and recovery from the pandemic. This third edition has been updated to include: four new chapters (Chapter 2—“Destination Sustainability and Social Responsibility”; Chapter 3—“Quality of Life and Well-Being of Destination Residents”; Chapter 11—“Destination Crisis Management”; and Chapter 20—“Destination Management Performance Measurement and Management”) new and updated international case examples to show the practical realities and approaches to managing different destinations around the world coverage of contemporary topics including, for example, COVID-19, social responsibility, metaverse, mixed reality, virtual meetings, teleworking, digital nomads, viral marketing, blended travel, regenerative tourism, meaningful travel, and several others a significantly improved illustration program keyword lists It is illustrated in full color and packed with features to encourage reflection on main themes, spur critical thinking, and show theory in practice. Written by an author with many years of industry practice, university teaching, and professional training experience, this book is the essential guide to the subject for tourism, hospitality, and events students and industry practitioners alike.

Ugc Net Paper I Previous Years Papers Solved

DOWNLOAD
Author : Rph Editorial Board
language : en
Publisher: Ramesh Publishing House
Release Date : 2020-10

Ugc Net Paper I Previous Years Papers Solved written by Rph Editorial Board and has been published by Ramesh Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10 with categories.

This immensely valuable book of Solved Previous Years' Papers is specially published for the aspirants of UGC-NET (Paper-I) of Junior Research Fellowship and Assistant Professor Eligibility Exam. The book comprises several Solved Previous Years' Papers of UGC-NET Paper-I. Explanatory Answers are presented in such a manner to be useful for study and self-practice. The book is aimed to help you prepare well and sharpen your problem-solving skills by practising through numerous questions in these solved papers and face the exam with confidence, successfully.

Public Administration Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Public Administration Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Public Administration: Meaning, Nature, Scope & Significance; Evolution and Present Status of the Discipline; Politics-Administration Dichotomy. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 2. Globalization and Public Administration; Paradigm shift from Government to Governance; Principles of Organization: Division of work, Hierarchy, Coordination, Unity of Command, Span of Control. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 3. Principles of Organization: Authority, Power and Responsibility, Delegation, Centralization and Decentralization; Line, Staff and Auxiliary Agencies; Leadership and Supervision; Decision-making and Communication. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 4. Personnel Administration: Meaning, Nature and Scope of Personnel Administration, including Classification, Recruitment, Training, Promotion, Compensation and service conditions, Discipline; Civil Service Neutrality, Anonymity and Commitment; Professional Associations and Unionism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 5. Approaches to the study of Public Administration: Oriental – Kautilya; Classical – F W Taylor, Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 6. Human Relations Approach to Administrative Thought: Elton Mayo, Mary Parker Follett; Behaviouralism – Chester Barnard, Herbert Simon. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 7. Motivation Theories: Abraham Maslow, Fredrick Herzberg, Douglas McGregor; Organizational Humanism – Chris Argyris, Rensis Likert. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 8. Writers on Administration: Dwight Waldo, Ferrel Heady, Robert Golembiewski and Peter Drucker; Minnobrook Perspective, New Public Service and Post Modernism. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 9. Evolution of Indian Administration: Ancient, Mughal and British Periods; Constitutional Framework: Parliamentary and Federal Features; Union Government: President, Prime Minister & Council of Ministers, Cabinet Committees. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 10. Union Government structure: Central Secretariat, Cabinet Secretariat, and Prime Minister Office; Union State Relations; Election Commission and Electoral Reforms. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 11. Accountability mechanisms: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial; Citizen Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Lok Pal, Lok Ayukta, Central Vigilance Commission and Regulatory Authorities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 12. Issue Areas in Indian Administration: Politician and Civil Servant relations, Generalists and Specialists debate, and Combating Corruption; Civil Services: Classification – All India Services, Central Services and State Services. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 13. Recruitment Agencies: Union Public Service Commission, State Public Service Commissions and other Commissions and Boards; Capacity Building of Civil Servants and Civil Service Reforms; Planning: Planning Commission, National Development Council, NITI Aayog, State Planning Commissions / Boards and Planning Departments. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 14. Judiciary: Indian Constitution and Independence of Judiciary, Supreme Court, High Courts, Judicial Review and Public Interest Litigation and Judicial Reforms; Police Administration and Reforms; E- Governance Initiatives in Indian administration. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 15. Constitutional Framework of State Administration: State Legislature, Governor – Role and Functions, Chief Minister – Powers and Functions, Council of Ministers, Role and Functions of Chief Secretary, State Secretariat, Directorates and Commissionerate. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 16. District Administration: Concept and Evolution, District Collector - Power, Functions and Changing role; Autonomous District Councils - Structure, Powers and Functions, District Rural Development Agency; Evolution of Local Governance in India. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 17. Local Governance: 73rd & 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts; State Election Commission; State Finance Commission; District Planning Committee; Rural Governance - Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayats, Panchayat Samitis and Zila Parishads. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 18. Finance in PRIs, Personnel administration at local level; Policies and Programmes of Rural Development – MGNAREGA; Growth of Urbanization; Urban Governance - Structure, Composition, Functions of Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Metropolitan Governance - Sources of Finance; Personnel Administration; Reforms in Urban Governance -Solid Waste Management, Smart and AMRUT cities. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 19. Comparative Public Administration: Concept, Nature, Scope and Significance of Comparative Public Administration; Public Administration and its Environment; Approaches and Methods to the study of Comparative Administration: Institutional, Behavioural, Structural-Functional, Ecological and Systems Approaches. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 20. Fred Riggs’s Typology of Societies and Features; Problems of Comparative Research; Comparative Studies –Influence of Globalization; Salient Features of the administrative systems of UK, USA, France and Japan. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 21. Development Administration: Development and its Dimensions, Development and Modernization; Approaches to Development - Sustainable Development and Anti- Development; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 22. Development Administration: Concept, Nature, Scope, Objectives, Features and Significance; Ecology of Development Administration, Contribution of Fred Riggs, Dwight Waldo and Edward Widener; Role of Bureaucracy in Development; Globalization and Development Administration; Emergence of Non-State actors in Development Administration; Public-Private Partnerships; Corporate Social Responsibility, Human Development Indicators and Social Audit. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 23. Economic Policies: Mixed Economy to Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG), New Economic Policy (NEP), Industrial Policy since Independence; Government in Business - Public Enterprises- Concept, Growth and Forms of Public Enterprises, Management, Problem of Accountability and Autonomy, Disinvestment Policies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 24. Financial Administration: Public Finance – Revenue and Expenditure: Nature, Scope and Significance of Financial Administration; Budget – Meaning, Purpose and Significance; Budgetary Process – preparation, enactment and execution. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 25. Types of Budget – PPBS, Performance Budget, Zero-Based Budget and Gender Budget; Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBMA) and Sunset legislation; Fiscal Federalism – Union-State Financial Relations, Finance Commission. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 26. Financial Control- Legislature and Executive; Parliamentary Committees and Comptroller and Auditor General of India; Taxation policies – Principles of Taxation –Progressive and Proportional taxation – Reforms in Taxation policies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 27. Social Welfare Administration: Concept of Social Welfare, Social Justice and Social Change; Concept of Equity and Inclusiveness in Social Justice; Concept of Affirmative action-Reservations; Institutional arrangement for Social Welfare & Social Justice Administration; NGOs, Civil Societies and Voluntary Agencies. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 28. Policies, Programmes and Institutional Framework for the Protection and Welfare of SCs/ STs / OBCs/ Women/ Children, Aged, Differently-abled (Divyang); Minorities Commissions – Women, SC/ST, Minority- Role and Functions. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 29. Disaster Management: Nature and Types of Disaster; Institutional Arrangements for Disaster Management; Role of State and Non-State actors. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 30. Public Policy: Nature, Scope and Importance of Public Policy; Evolution of Public Policy and Policy Sciences; Public Policy and Public Administration; Approaches to Public Policy – Process Approach, Logical Positivism, Phenomenological Approach, Participatory and Normative Approaches. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 31. Theories and Models of Policy Making – Harold Lasswell, Charles Lindblom, Yehezkel Dror; Institutions of Policy Making - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 32. Types of Policy Analysis - Empirical, Normative, Retrospective and Prospective, Prescriptive and Descriptive; Policy Implementation, Outcomes and Evaluation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 33. Constraints on Public Policy – Socio-economic, Political, Institutional and Cultural; Role of Media, Public Opinion, Civil Society and Pressure Groups on Policy Making. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 34. Governance and Good Governance: Ancient Discourse – Kautilya, Plato and Aristotle on Good Governance; Elements and Forms of Good Governance; Theories and Concepts of Governance – World Bank and UNDP; State, Market and Civil Society. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 35. Governance Theories and Approaches: Public Choice Theory, New Public Management, Public Value Theory, Governance as Theory, Governance and Public Governance; Networking and Collaborative Governance, Business Process Re-engineering. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 36. ICT and Governance – e-Government and e-Governance, e-Readiness and Digital Divide; Accountability, Openness and Transparency; Gender and Governance; Citizen and Governance: Civil Society – Role and Limitations, Citizen Participation. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 37. Right to Information – RTI Act and Administrative Reforms, National Information Commission; Citizen Charter – Concept, Objectives and Significance; Ethics and Public Accountability in Governance: Rule of Law and Administrative Law, Delegated Legislation and Administrative Adjudication; Ethical Foundations of Governance: Constitutional Values, Family, Society and Education. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 38. Social Science Research- Meaning and Significance; Distinction between Methodology and Method; Facts and Values in Research; Role of Research in Theory-Building; Scientific Method; Objectivity in Social Research. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 39. Research Process: Types of Research; Identification of Research Problem; Hypotheses and Null- Hypotheses; Validation of Hypothesis; Research Design; Methods of Data Collection- Primary and Secondary sources- ( Observation; Questionnaire and Interview, Use of Library and Internet). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration) Chpater 40. Data Management and Reporting: Sampling and Sampling Techniques; Scales of Measurement; Analysis of Data and Use of Computers in Social Science Research- SPSS; Citation patterns and Ethics of Research ; Bibliography; Report Writing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Public Administration)

Home Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mocktime Publication
language : en
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
Release Date : 101-01-01

Home Science Question Bank Ugc Nta Net Assistant Professors written by Mocktime Publication and has been published by by Mocktime Publication this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Study Aids categories.

Chpater 1. Food Science and Nutrition Fundamentals: Exploring food science and nutrition, the physical and chemical properties of food, and methods for both objective and subjective quality evaluation of foods. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 2. Food Processing, Preservation, and Additives: Understanding the effects of cooking and processing techniques on nutritional components and other physical parameters, alongside food preservation principles and application, food pigments, and food additives. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 3. Food Safety, Standards, and Service Perspectives: Covering food standards, microbiological safety of food, HACCP, food packaging, and the perspectives of food service including menu planning, food cost analysis, and new product development with a focus on nano technology. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 4. Institutional Food Service Management and Research Ethics: Examining food service management of institutional level (hospital, educational institutions, social and special institutions), and introducing fundamental issues, concept, need relevance, scope and ethics in research. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 5. Core Concepts in Nutrition and Dietetics: Delving into food groups, the balanced diet, food pyramid, macro and micro nutrition, the role of nutrients in the body, nutrient deficiencies, and requirements for Indians. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 6. Applied Nutrition Across Lifespan and Special Conditions: Addressing public health nutrition, nutrition through life span (physiological changes, growth and development from conception to adolescence, nutritional needs and dietary guidelines for adequate nutrition through life cycle, nutrition concerns), community nutrition, sports nutrition, and nutrition in emergencies and disasters. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 7. Nutritional Assessment, Intervention, and Therapeutic Nutrition: Focusing on nutritional assessment-methods and techniques, nutritional intervention (national nutrition policies and programmes, food and nutrition security), and clinical and therapeutic nutrition. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 8. Diet Counseling, Management, and Research in Nutrition: Exploring diet counseling and management practices, and research methods including research designs, and the principles and purpose of research. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 9. Textile Fundamentals: Fibres, Yarns, and Weaves: Introducing textile terminologies (fibre, yarn, weave, fabric etc.), the classification of fibers, yarns and weaves, Identification of fibres and weaves, and the manufacturing process of major natural and manmade fibres, their properties and their end uses. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 10. Fabric Construction, Finishes, and Coloration Techniques: Examining different methods of fabric construction (woven, knitted and non woven fabrics, their properties and end uses); the classification, processing and purposes of textiles finishes; and various methods of dyeing and printing including block printing, tie and dye, batik, roller printing, screen printing, discharge, heat transfer printing and digitized printing. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 11. Traditional Indian Textiles and Quality Control in Textiles: Studying traditional textiles of India (embroidered textiles, printed textiles, woven textiles, dyed textiles of various regions in India), including Identification on the basis of fibre content, technique, motif, colour and designed; and understanding Textile Testing and quality control, the need of testing, sampling method, techniques of testing fibres, yarn, fabrics and garments, including testing of colour-fastness, shrinkage, pilling and GSM of fabrics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 12. Textiles and Environment, Recent Developments, and Textile Research Methods: Addressing textile and environment concerns (banned dyes, eco-friendly textiles, contamination and effluent treatment, Eco-label and eco marks); recent developments in textiles and apparels (nano textiles, technical textiles, occupational clothing, zero waste designing, up cycling and recycling); and exploring research methods including types of research (descriptive, survey, historical, qualitative, quantitative, analytical and action research). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 13. Apparel Design Foundations: Measurements and Manufacturing Tools: Covering body measurements (procedure, need, figure types and anthropometry) and the equipments and tools used for manufacturing garments, including advancements and attachments used for sewing machine, and types of machines used and their parts. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 14. Design Application in Apparel and Fashion Dynamics: Applying elements and principles of design and its application to apparel, including Illustrations and parts of garments; and understanding Fashion (Terminologies, fashion cycle, fashion theories, fashion adoption, fashion forecasting and factors affecting fashion). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 15. Pattern Making Techniques and Apparel Manufacturing Processes: Detailing pattern making (drafting, draping and flat pattern making techniques, pattern alteration and dart manipulation techniques); and outlining apparel manufacturing (terminology used, seams, techniques and machines used, process of fabric to apparel manufacture). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 16. Apparel Quality, Care, Selection, and Research in Apparel: Focusing on Apparel Quality testing (Quality standards and specification, Quality parameters and defects of fabrics and garments), care and maintenance of clothing (principles of washing, laundry agents, storage techniques case labels and symbols), selection of clothing for different age groups and selection of fabrics for different end uses; and introducing research methods including hypothesis testing, its types and scope. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 17. Core Principles of Management and Family Resource Application: Introducing Management (concept, approaches, management of time, energy, money, space, motivating factors, motivation theories, decision making); and outlining functions of management (planning, supervision, controlling, organizing, evaluation) in relation to family life cycle-stages, and the availability and use of resources. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 18. Resource Classification, Conservation, and Natural Resource Management: Detailing Resources (classification, characteristics, factors affecting use), resource conservation, time management, work simplification techniques, classes of change, and fatigue and its management; and covering management of natural resources (land, forest, water, air), water harvesting, municipal solid waste management, the concept of sustainable development, and SDGs. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 19. Financial Management and Human Resource Development: Addressing money management (family income, types, supplementation, budgeting, household accounts, family savings and investment, tax implications); and Human resource management (functions, need, human resource development challenges, functions, manpower planning, training need assessment, training methodologies, training evaluation). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 20. Consumer Issues, Protection, Entrepreneurship, and Sampling Research: Defining the Consumer (definition, role, rights and responsibilities), consumer behavior, consumer problems, education and empowerment; Consumer protection (consumer organization, cooperatives, alternative redressal, standardization, standard marks, quality control, buying aids, consumer legislation); Entrepreneurship (concept, process, barriers, entrepreneurial motivation, challenges, enterprise setting, project planning and appraisal, enterprise management); and research methods focusing on sampling techniques, types of sampling, sampling procedures, including probability and non probability sampling. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 21. Fundamentals of Design and Colour in Interior Spaces: Exploring design fundamentals (elements of art, principles of design, principles of composition); and understanding Colour (dimensions of colour, psychological effects of colour, colour schemes, and factors affecting use of colour) in interior design. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 22. Space Planning, Housing Needs, and Building Regulations: Covering space planning and design (housing need and important, principles of planning spaces, types of house plans, economy in construction, planning for different income groups); and detailing building regulations (norms and standards, zoning, housing for special groups and areas, housing finance). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 23. Housing, Environment, and Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Addressing housing and environment (building materials- impact on environment, green rating systems, energy efficiency in buildings, energy auditing, indices of indoor comfort); and understanding Energy as a resource (conventional and non- conventional sources, renewable /nonrenewable energy, energy management, national efforts on energy conservation). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 24. Product Design, Ergonomics, Furnishings, and Data Collection Tool Research: Examining product design (design thinking process, diffusion and innovation, design communication, ergonomic considerations); Ergonomics (significance, scope, anthropometry, man, machine, environment relationship, factors affecting physiological cost of work, body mechanics, functional design of work place, time and motion study, energy studies); Furniture and furnishing (historical perspectives, architectural styles, contemporary tends, wall finishes, window and window treatments); and research methods including selection and preparation of tools for data collection (questionnaire, interview, observation, measuring scales, ranking and measurement), and ensuring reliability and validity of tools. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 25. Principles of Growth, Development, and Foundational Theories: Outlining the principles of growth and development, care during pregnancy and pre-natal and neonatal development; and introducing key theories of human development and behavior. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 26. Early Childhood Care, Education, and Developmental Influences: Focusing on early childhood care and education and activities to promote holistic development; and analyzing the influence of family, peers, school, community and culture on personality development. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 27. Addressing Special Needs, At-Risk Children, and Lifespan Development Stages: Covering children and persons with special needs (care and support, special education, prevention of disabilities, rehabilitation); Children at risk (child labour, street children, children of destitute, orphans, child abuse and trafficking); Adolescence and youth (changes, challenges and programs to promote optimal development); Adulthood (characteristics, changing roles and responsibilities in early and middle adulthood); and Aging (physical and psychological changes and care needs). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 28. Research Methodology in Human Development: Variables and Selection: Introducing research methods pertinent to child/human development, with a specific focus on understanding types of variables and their selection. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 29. Dynamics of Marriage, Family Relationships, and Family Welfare: Exploring the dynamics of marriage and family relationships; and discussing family welfare (approaches, programmes and challenges, role in national development). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 30. Family Challenges, Conflict Resolution, and Educational Support: Addressing domestic violence, marital disharmony, conflict, resolution of conflict; and covering parent education, positive parenting, and community education, alongside family disorganization and single parent families. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 31. Family Studies in Crisis, Human Rights, Counseling, and Lifespan Well-being: Examining family studies (family in crisis, family therapy, initiatives for child development); Human rights, rights of children, rights of women, status of women, and gender roles; Guidance and counseling across life span and for care givers; and promoting health and well being across life span development. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 32. Research in Family Studies: Data Handling and Statistical Analysis: Focusing on research methods relevant to family studies, including data collection and classification, coding, tabulation, and the application of inferential and descriptive statistics. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 33. Communication Fundamentals, Processes, and Theories: Covering the basics of communication (nature, characteristics, functions, process, models, elements, principles, barriers, perception, persuasion and empathy, types of communication, levels (settings) of communication transactions, process of listening); and communication systems and communication theories (human interaction theories, mass communication theories, message design theories, communication systems, culture and communication). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 34. Development Concepts and the Role of Communication in Development: Explaining the concept of development (theories, models, measurement and indicators of development); concept of development communication (models and approaches, diffusion and innovation, mass media, social marketing); and the role of communication in development (need and importance, development journalism, writing for development-print, radio, television and internet). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 35. Key Concerns and Strategies in Development Communication: Addressing concerns of development communication (gender, health, environment, sustainability, human rights, population, literacy, rural and tribal development); and exploring advocacy and behavior change communication (concept, theories, models, approaches, application and challenges). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 36. Media for Development, Relevant Organizations, and Data Analysis Research: Utilizing traditional, modern and new media for development (folk forms of songs, art, dance, theatre, puppetry, advertisement, cinema, ICTs for development-community radio, participatory video, social media and mobile phones); identifying Organisation/agencies/institutes working for development communication (international/ national/state and local); and research methods involving analysis of data through parametric and non parametric tests. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 37. Extension Education: History, Principles, and Programme Management: Discussing historical perspectives of extension (genesis of extension education and extension systems in India and other countries, objectives of extension education and extension service, philosophy and principles of extension programme development); and detailing Programme management (need assessment, situation analysis, planning, organization, implementation, monitoring and evaluation). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 38. Extension Methods, Materials, Curriculum, and Lifelong Education: Covering extension methods and materials (interpersonal, small and large group methods, audiovisual aids-need, importance, planning, classification, preparation and field testing, use and evaluation of audio-visual materials); Curriculum development and planning for extension education and development activities, using Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives and learning; and Non-Formal, adult and lifelong education (historical perspectives, concept, theories, approaches, scope, methods and materials used, challenges of implementation and evaluation, issues to be addressed). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 39. Human Resource Development, Community Organization, and Participatory Approaches in Extension: Focusing on Training, skill development and capacity building for human resource development (methods of training, entrepreneurship development); Community development (perspectives, approaches, community organization, leadership, support structures for community development, Panchyati raj institutions, NGOs and community based organisations); and People’s participation and stakeholders’ perspectives, including Participatory Learning and Action (methods and techniques). (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science) Chpater 40. Development Programmes in India and Research Reporting in Extension: Surveying development programmes in India for urban, rural and tribal population groups (programmes for nutrition, health, education, wage and self employment, women’s development, skill development, sanitation and infrastructure); and research methods focused on scientific report writing, presentation of data, and its interpretation and discussion. (in context of UGC NTA NET Exam Subject Home Science)