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2 Essays On Capital Markets

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Essays On Capital Markets

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Author : Claire Yi-Chun Liang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Essays On Capital Markets written by Claire Yi-Chun Liang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business cycles categories.

Capital markets play an important role in the modern economy. This thesis consists of two essays on capital markets. In the first essay (Chapter 1), I study the effect of systematic news on a prominent capital markets anomaly, post-earnings announcement drift (PEAD), and use the effect to examine competing explanations of PEAD. In the second essay (Chapter 2), I study the real effects of capital markets development. The abstracts from each of the essays are as follows: Chapter 1 Recent studies find that post-earnings announcement drift (PEAD) is related to the business cycle. Using quarterly data on U.S. public firms from 1973:Q1 to 2011:Q3, I find that PEAD is stronger when drift-period systematic news agrees with a firm's prior earnings news; PEAD is weaker, insignificant, or even reversed when drift-period systematic news disagrees with a firm's prior earnings news. The relation between systematic news and PEAD is consistent with the rational learning hypothesis, but cannot be explained by conventional behavioral models built on investor irrationality. The study suggests a channel linking PEAD to the business cycle. It provides empirical evidence that helps distinguish the rational learning hypothesis from conventional behavioral models, which previous studies attempting to use the rational learning theory to explain PEAD have found difficult. The findings indicate that anomalies need not imply investor irrationality. The effects of systematic shocks and information uncertainty on asset prices not captured by existing models offer a promising new direction for exploring PEAD as well as other anomalies. Chapter 2 U.S. financial development varies a good deal over the last half century, primarily increasing since the 1980s. We ask whether this variation had consequences for the real economy. Difference-in-difference tests reveal that increases in financial development have disproportionate effects on industries that depend more on external finance. Higher financial development forecasts externally dependent industries using more external finance, having higher turnover of leading businesses, greater variation in firm-growth rates, more new firms entering, more mature firms exiting, lower concentration, and at the aggregate level more innovation and faster growth. The mosaic of our evidence is consistent with a Schumpeterian framework linking the supply of finance to competition, innovation, and growth. Our findings suggest that the growth in finance had some real effects that are socially beneficial.

Three Essays On Capital Market With Incomplete And Asymmetric Information

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Author : Chaoli Guo
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-26

Three Essays On Capital Market With Incomplete And Asymmetric Information written by Chaoli Guo and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.

This dissertation, "Three Essays on Capital Market With Incomplete and Asymmetric Information" by Chaoli, Guo, 郭朝莉, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: This thesis includes one essay on incomplete information and two essays on the capital market implications of asymmetric information. The acquisition of information and its dissemination to all economic units are central activities in capital markets. Limits to information diffusion may exist when market participants have limited processing ability or when market structure causes information asymmetry to persist. Merton (1987) proposes a simple capital market equilibrium model with incomplete information, in which difference in a stock's investor recognition affects its cost of capital. Myers and Majluf (1984) lay out the theoretical foundation for the role of asymmetric information in corporate finance and its capital market implications. The first essay tests and offers support to Merton's (1987) theory. In the U.S. market, using the breadth of ownership among retail investors as a proxy for investor recognition, I show that a long-short portfolio based on the annual change of shareholder base earns a compounded annual abnormal return of 6.42% after controlling for the Fama-French three factors. These results are more pronounced among young, low visibility and high idiosyncratic volatility stocks. Moreover, I present evidence that the investor recognition effect can explain approximately 20% of the puzzling net equity issuance effect documented by Pontiff and Woodgate (2008). The second essay suggests a novel signaling mechanism in the framework of asymmetric information. When a firm's convertible debt is issued, it is not only determined by the fundamentals of the firm such as past stock performance, but also related to whether this performance is realized during the tenure of current CEO who decides the issues. I define the performance that the current CEO achieves in the firm ever since the CEO comes to the helm as CEO-specific performance. Higher CEOspecific performance leads to (1) a higher probability of convertible issues, and (2) a less negative abnormal stock return in response to the convertible issue announcement, controlling for other firm characteristics. These evidences indicate that CEO-specific performance serves as a credible information signal to influence the adverse selection costs between the firm and outside investors in convertible bond financing. The third essay explores the possibility of asymmetric information in explaining the pronounced share issue anomaly in the cross-sectional variations of stock returns, as documented by Pontiff and Woodgate (2008). A lot of equity share issue and repurchase actions are actively determined by the decision of corporate stakeholders, such as employees at the stock options exercises. As these stakeholders hold a large amount of private information about the firm, it is in their optimal decisions to try to time the exercise of their share purchase activity, but outside investors are likely to fail to interpret the information revealed from these actions. I present strong evidence that a negative relation between share issues and stock returns is affected to a greater extent when the information asymmetry problem is more severe. DOI: 10.5353/

Selected Essays In Empirical Asset Pricing

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Author : Christian Funke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-09-15

Selected Essays In Empirical Asset Pricing written by Christian Funke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-15 with Business & Economics categories.

Christian Funke aims at developing a better understanding of a central asset pricing issue: the stock price discovery process in capital markets. Using U.S. capital market data, he investigates the importance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) for stock prices and examines economic links between customer and supplier firms. The empirical investigations document return predictability and show that capital markets are not perfectly efficient.