29 Jours De R Volution
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Histoire De L Migration Pendant La R Volution Fran Aise
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Author : Ernest Daudet
language : en
Publisher: Рипол Классик
Release Date :
Histoire De L Migration Pendant La R Volution Fran Aise written by Ernest Daudet and has been published by Рипол Классик this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.
The Cistercian Evolution
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Author : Constance Hoffman Berman
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2010-08-03
The Cistercian Evolution written by Constance Hoffman Berman and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-03 with History categories.
According to the received history, the Cistercian order was founded in Cîteaux, France, in 1098 by a group of Benedictine monks who wished for a stricter community. They sought a monastic life that called for extreme asceticism, rejection of feudal revenues, and manual labor for monks. Their third leader, Stephen Harding, issued a constitution, the Carta Caritatis, that called for the uniformity of custom in all Cistercian monasteries and the establishment of an annual general chapter meeting at Cîteaux. The Cistercian order grew phenomenally in the mid-twelfth century, reaching beyond France to Portugal in the west, Sweden in the north, and the eastern Mediterranean, ostensibly through a process of apostolic gestation, whereby members of a motherhouse would go forth to establish a new house. The abbey at Clairvaux, founded by Bernard in 1115, was alone responsible for founding 68 of the 338 Cistercian abbeys in existence by 1153. But this well-established view of a centrally organized order whose founders envisioned the shape and form of a religious order at its prime is not borne out in the historical record. Through an investigation of early Cistercian documents, Constance Hoffman Berman proves that no reliable reference to Stephen's Carta Caritatis appears before the mid-twelfth century, and that the document is more likely to date from 1165 than from 1119. The implications of this fact are profound. Instead of being a charter by which more than 300 Cistercian houses were set up by a central authority, the document becomes a means of bringing under centralized administrative control a large number of loosely affiliated and already existing monastic houses of monks as well as nuns who shared Cistercian customs. The likely reason for this administrative structuring was to check the influence of the overdominant house of Clairvaux, which threatened the authority of Cîteaux through Bernard's highly successful creation of new monastic communities. For centuries the growth of the Cistercian order has been presented as a spontaneous spirituality that swept western Europe through the power of the first house at Cîteaux. Berman suggests instead that the creation of the religious order was a collaborative activity, less driven by centralized institutions; its formation was intended to solve practical problems about monastic administration. With the publication of The Cistercian Evolution, for the first time the mechanisms are revealed by which the monks of Cîteaux reshaped fact to build and administer one of the most powerful and influential religious orders of the Middle Ages.
Second Catalogue Of The Library Of The Peabody Institute Of The City Of Baltimore Including The Additions Made Since 1882
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Author : George Peabody Library
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1898
Second Catalogue Of The Library Of The Peabody Institute Of The City Of Baltimore Including The Additions Made Since 1882 written by George Peabody Library and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1898 with Dictionary catalogs categories.
The Peasantry In The French Revolution
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Author : Peter Jones
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1988-10-13
The Peasantry In The French Revolution written by Peter Jones and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-10-13 with Business & Economics categories.
The contention of Georges Lefebvre that the peasantry occupied center stage during the early years of the Revolution is vindicated with the support of fresh evidence culled from archives, unpublished theses and other sources.
Second Catalogue Of The Library Of The Peabody Institute Of The City Of Baltimore Including The Additions Made Since 1882
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Author : Johns Hopkins University. Peabody Institute. Library
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1898
Second Catalogue Of The Library Of The Peabody Institute Of The City Of Baltimore Including The Additions Made Since 1882 written by Johns Hopkins University. Peabody Institute. Library and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1898 with Catalogs, Dictionary categories.
Bibliotheca Britannica
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Author : Robert Watt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1824
Bibliotheca Britannica written by Robert Watt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1824 with categories.
Bibliotheca Britannica Subjects
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Author : Robert Watt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1824
Bibliotheca Britannica Subjects written by Robert Watt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1824 with English literature categories.
Bibliotheca Britannica Or A General Index To British And Foreign Literature By Robert Watt M D In Two Parts Authors And Subjects
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1824
Bibliotheca Britannica Or A General Index To British And Foreign Literature By Robert Watt M D In Two Parts Authors And Subjects written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1824 with categories.
Bibliotheca Britannica Or A General Index To British And Foreign Literature
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Author : Robert Watt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1824
Bibliotheca Britannica Or A General Index To British And Foreign Literature written by Robert Watt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1824 with English literature categories.
Technosystem
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Author : Andrew Feenberg
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2017-10-02
Technosystem written by Andrew Feenberg and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-02 with Philosophy categories.
We live in a world of technical systems designed in accordance with technical disciplines and operated by technically trained personnel—a unique social organization that largely determines our way of life. Andrew Feenberg’s theory of social rationality represents both the threats of technocratic modernity and the potential for democratic change.