Constituci N Pol Tica De La Rep Blica De Guatemala 1985
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Jobs For The Boys
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Author : Merilee S. Grindle
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-11
Jobs For The Boys written by Merilee S. Grindle and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-11 with Political Science categories.
Patronage systems in the public service are universally reviled as undemocratic and corrupt. Yet patronage was the prevailing method of staffing government for centuries, and in some countries it still is. In Jobs for the Boys, Merilee Grindle considers why patronage has been so ubiquitous in history and explores the political processes through which it is replaced by merit-based civil service systems. Such reforms are consistently resisted, she finds, because patronage systems, though capricious, offer political executives flexibility to achieve a wide variety of objectives. Grindle looks at the histories of public sector reform in six developed countries and compares them with contemporary struggles for reform in four Latin American countries. A historical, case-based approach allows her to take into account contextual differences between countries as well as to identify cycles that govern reform across the board. As a rule, she finds, transition to merit-based systems involves years and sometimes decades of conflict and compromise with supporters of patronage, as new systems of public service are politically constructed. Becoming aware of the limitations of public sector reform, Grindle hopes, will temper expectations for institutional change now being undertaken.
Violence Against Women In Politics
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Author : Mona Lena Krook
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-07-16
Violence Against Women In Politics written by Mona Lena Krook and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-16 with Political Science categories.
Women have made significant inroads into political life in recent years, but in many parts of the world, their increased engagement has spurred attacks, intimidation, and harassment. This book provides the first comprehensive account of this phenomenon, exploring how women came to give these experiences a name: violence against women in politics. Tracing its global emergence as a concept, Mona Lena Krook draws on insights from multiple disciplines--political science, sociology, history, gender studies, economics, linguistics, psychology, and forensic science--to develop a more robust version of this concept to support ongoing activism and inform future scholarly work. Krook argues that violence against women in politics is not simply a gendered extension of existing definitions of political violence privileging physical aggressions against rivals. Rather, it is a distinct phenomenon involving a broad range of harms to attack and undermine women as political actors, taking physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and semiotic forms. Incorporating a wide range of country examples, she illustrates what this violence looks like in practice, catalogues emerging solutions around the world, and considers how to document this phenomenon more effectively. Highlighting its implications for democracy, human rights, and gender equality, the book asserts that addressing this issue requires ongoing dialogue and collaboration to ensure women's equal rights to participate--freely and safely--in political life around the globe.
Libros Espa Oles En Venta Isbn
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Author :
language : es
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Libros Espa Oles En Venta Isbn written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Spain categories.
Our Common Future
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Our Common Future written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Australia categories.
Environmental Law In Developing Countries
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Author : Marianela Cedeño Bonilla
language : en
Publisher: IUCN
Release Date : 2004
Environmental Law In Developing Countries written by Marianela Cedeño Bonilla and has been published by IUCN this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Gardening categories.
This book contains a selection of papers on various legal issues of interest to developing countries which have been prepared by Fellows from InWent who came to Germany between 2002 and 2004 from Africa, Asia, and Latin America to research and write about subjects of their choice at the IUCN Environmental Law Centre.
Libros Espa Oles En Venta
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Author :
language : es
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Libros Espa Oles En Venta written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Spain categories.
Transitions From Authoritarian Rule
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Author : Guillermo O’Donnell
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 1986-10
Transitions From Authoritarian Rule written by Guillermo O’Donnell and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-10 with History categories.
An array of internationally noted scholars examines the process of democratization in Southern Europe and Latin America. The authors provide new interpretations of both current and historical efforts of nations to end periods of authoritarian rule and to initiate transition to democracy, efforts that have met with widely varying degrees of success and failure. Extensive case studies of individual countries, a comparative overview, and a synthesis conclusions offer important insights for political scientists, students, and all concerned with the prospects for democracy. In Volume 3, despite the unique contexts of transitions in individual countries, significant points of comparison emerge — such as the influence of foreign nations and the role of agents outside the government. These analyses explore both intra- and interregional similarities and differences.
The Third Wave Of Democratization In Latin America
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Author : Frances Hagopian
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-06-06
The Third Wave Of Democratization In Latin America written by Frances Hagopian and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-06 with Political Science categories.
The late twentieth century witnessed the birth of an impressive number of new democracies in Latin America. This wave of democratization since 1978 has been by far the broadest and most durable in the history of Latin America, but many of the resulting democratic regimes also suffer from profound deficiencies. What caused democratic regimes to emerge and survive? What are their main achievements and shortcomings? This volume offers an ambitious and comprehensive overview of the unprecedented advances as well as the setbacks in the post-1978 wave of democratization. It seeks to explain the sea change from a region dominated by authoritarian regimes to one in which openly authoritarian regimes are the rare exception, and it analyzes why some countries have achieved striking gains in democratization while others have experienced erosions. The book presents general theoretical arguments about what causes and sustains democracy and analyses of nine compelling country cases.
Gender Women And Health In The Americas
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Author : Elsa Gómez Gómez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Gender Women And Health In The Americas written by Elsa Gómez Gómez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Health & Fitness categories.
New Horizons In Spanish Colonial Law
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Author : Thomas Duve
language : en
Publisher: Max Planck Institute for European Legal History
Release Date : 2015-12-01
New Horizons In Spanish Colonial Law written by Thomas Duve and has been published by Max Planck Institute for European Legal History this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-01 with Law categories.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/gplh3 http://www.epubli.de/shop/buch/48746 "Spanish colonial law, derecho indiano, has since the early 20th century been a vigorous subdiscipline of legal history. One of great figures in the field, the Argentinian legal historian Víctor Tau Anzoátegui, published in 1997 his Nuevos horizontes en el estudio histórico del derecho indiano. The book, in which Tau addressed seminal methodological questions setting tone for the discipline’s future orientation, proved to be the starting point for an important renewal of the discipline. Tau drew on the writings of legal historians, such as Paolo Grossi, Antonio Manuel Hespanha, and Bartolomé Clavero. Tau emphasized the development of legal history in connection to what he called “the posture superseding rational and statutory state law.” The following features of normativity were now in need of increasing scholarly attention: the autonomy of different levels of social organization, the different modes of normative creativity, the many different notions of law and justice, the position of the jurist as an artifact of law, and the casuistic character of the legal decisions. Moreover, Tau highlighted certain areas of Spanish colonial law that he thought deserved more attention than they had hitherto received. One of these was the history of the learned jurist: the letrado was to be seen in his social, political, economic, and bureaucratic context. The Argentinian legal historian called for more scholarly works on book history, and he thought that provincial and local histories of Spanish colonial law had been studied too little. Within the field of historical science as a whole, these ideas may not have been revolutionary, but they contributed in an important way to bringing the study of Spanish colonial law up-to-date. It is beyond doubt that Tau’s programmatic visions have been largely fulfilled in the past two decades. Equally manifest is, however, that new challenges to legal history and Spanish colonial law have emerged. The challenges of globalization are felt both in the historical and legal sciences, and not the least in the field of legal history. They have also brought major topics (back) on to the scene, such as the importance of religious normativity within the normative setting of societies. These challenges have made scholars aware of the necessity to reconstruct the circulation of ideas, juridical practices, and researchers are becoming more attentive to the intense cultural translation involved in the movement of legal ideas and institutions from one context to another. Not least, the growing consciousness and strong claims to reconsider colonial history from the premises of postcolonial scholarship expose the discipline to an unseen necessity of reconsidering its very foundational concepts. What concept of law do we need for our historical studies when considering multi-normative settings? How do we define the spatial dimension of our work? How do we analyze the entanglements in legal history? Until recently, Spanish colonial law attracted little interest from non-Hispanic scholars, and its results were not seen within a larger global context. In this respect, Spanish colonial law was hardly different from research done on legal history of the European continent or common law. Spanish colonial law has, however, recently become a topic of interest beyond the Hispanic world. The field is now increasingly seen in the context of “global legal history,” while the old and the new research results are often put into a comparative context of both European law of the early Modern Period and other colonial legal orders. In this volume, scholars from different parts of the Western world approach Spanish colonial law from the new perspectives of contemporary legal historical research."