Die Fragw Rdigen Grundlagen Der Konomie

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Barriers To Riches

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Author : Stephen L. Parente
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2002-01-25

Barriers To Riches written by Stephen L. Parente and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-25 with Business & Economics categories.

Why isn't the whole world as rich as the United States? Conventional views holds that differences in the share of output invested by countries account for this disparity. Not so, say Stephen Parente and Edward Prescott. In Barriers to Riches, Parente and Prescott argue that differences in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) explain this phenomenon. These differences exist because some countries erect barriers to the efficient use of readily available technology. The purpose of these barriers is to protect industry insiders with vested interests in current production processes from outside competition. Were this protection stopped, rapid TFP growth would follow in the poor countries, and the whole world would soon be rich. Barriers to Riches reflects a decade of research by the authors on this question. Like other books on the subject, it makes use of historical examples and industry studies to illuminate potential explanations for income differences. Unlike these other books, however, it uses aggregate data and general equilibrium models to evaluate the plausibility of alternative explanations. The result of this approach is the most complete and coherent treatment of the subject to date.

Paper Machines

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Author : Markus Krajewski
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2011-08-19

Paper Machines written by Markus Krajewski and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

Why the card catalog—a “paper machine” with rearrangeable elements—can be regarded as a precursor of the computer. Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the late eighteenth century, the card catalog became the librarian's answer to the threat of information overload. Then, at the turn of the twentieth century, business adopted the technology of the card catalog as a bookkeeping tool. Krajewski explores this conceptual development and casts the card file as a “universal paper machine” that accomplishes the basic operations of Turing's universal discrete machine: storing, processing, and transferring data. In telling his story, Krajewski takes the reader on a number of illuminating detours, telling us, for example, that the card catalog and the numbered street address emerged at the same time in the same city (Vienna), and that Harvard University's home-grown cataloging system grew out of a librarian's laziness; and that Melvil Dewey (originator of the Dewey Decimal System) helped bring about the technology transfer of card files to business.

The Mystery Of Economic Growth

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Author : Elhanan Helpman
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2010-05-01

The Mystery Of Economic Growth written by Elhanan Helpman and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.

Far more than an intellectual puzzle for pundits, economists, and policymakers, economic growth--its makings and workings--is a subject that affects the well-being of billions of people around the globe. In The Mystery of Economic Growth, Elhanan Helpman discusses the vast research that has revolutionized understanding of this subject in recent years, and summarizes and explains its critical messages in clear, concise, and accessible terms. The tale of growth economics, as Helpman tells it, is organized around a number of themes: the importance of the accumulation of physical and human capital; the effect of technological factors on the rate of this accumulation; the process of knowledge creation and its influence on productivity; the interdependence of the growth rates of different countries; and, finally, the role of economic and political institutions in encouraging accumulation, innovation, and change. One of the leading researchers of economic growth, Helpman succinctly reviews, critiques, and integrates current research--on capital accumulation, education, productivity, trade, inequality, geography, and institutions--and clarifies its relevance for global economic inequities. In particular, he points to institutions--including property rights protection, legal systems, customs, and political systems--as the key to the mystery of economic growth. Solving this mystery could lead to policies capable of setting the poorest countries on the path toward sustained growth of per capita income and all that that implies--and Helpman's work is a welcome and necessary step in this direction.

Surveillance Privacy And Security

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Author : Michael Friedewald
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-03-16

Surveillance Privacy And Security written by Michael Friedewald and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Political Science categories.

This volume examines the relationship between privacy, surveillance and security, and the alleged privacy–security trade-off, focusing on the citizen’s perspective. Recent revelations of mass surveillance programmes clearly demonstrate the ever-increasing capabilities of surveillance technologies. The lack of serious reactions to these activities shows that the political will to implement them appears to be an unbroken trend. The resulting move into a surveillance society is, however, contested for many reasons. Are the resulting infringements of privacy and other human rights compatible with democratic societies? Is security necessarily depending on surveillance? Are there alternative ways to frame security? Is it possible to gain in security by giving up civil liberties, or is it even necessary to do so, and do citizens adopt this trade-off? This volume contributes to a better and deeper understanding of the relation between privacy, surveillance and security, comprising in-depth investigations and studies of the common narrative that more security can only come at the expense of sacrifice of privacy. The book combines theoretical research with a wide range of empirical studies focusing on the citizen’s perspective. It presents empirical research exploring factors and criteria relevant for the assessment of surveillance technologies. The book also deals with the governance of surveillance technologies. New approaches and instruments for the regulation of security technologies and measures are presented, and recommendations for security policies in line with ethics and fundamental rights are discussed. This book will be of much interest to students of surveillance studies, critical security studies, intelligence studies, EU politics and IR in general. A PDF version of this book is available for free in open access via www.tandfebooks.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 3.0 license.

The Birth Of Plenty How The Prosperity Of The Modern Work Was Created

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Author : William J. Bernstein
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2010-07-12

The Birth Of Plenty How The Prosperity Of The Modern Work Was Created written by William J. Bernstein and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-12 with Business & Economics categories.

“Compact and immensely readable . . . a tour de force. Prepare to be amazed.” John C. Bogle, Founder and Former CEO, The Vanguard Group Bernstein is widely respected as author of the bestseller, The Intelligent Asset Allocator Identifies and explains the four conditions necessary for human progress

Fully Charged

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Author : Heike Bruch
language : en
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
Release Date : 2011-03-01

Fully Charged written by Heike Bruch and has been published by Harvard Business Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.

As you're well aware, your individual energy ebbs and flows--leading to high and low productivity cycles. Fail to manage your energy correctly, and you risk falling into traps including inertia, complacency, and frenzied, unfocused activity that only erodes the quality of your life. The same holds true for your entire organization. In Fully Charged, Heike Bruch and Bernd Vogel provide tools and strategies to help you manage your company's collective energy. First, diagnose your company's "energy state" using the Organizational Energy Matrix. By assessing the intensity (high or low) and the quality (positive or negative) of the energy in your enterprise, you discover which of four energy states your company is experiencing. Second, move your company out of dangerous states characterized by complacency, cynicism, aggression, withdrawal, and other perils. By applying practices mastered by companies as diverse as Airbus, Novartis, SAP, and Tata Steel, you can shift your firm into a state of high, positive energy--in which everyone is emotionally engaged, mentally alert, and working swiftly and productively toward critical goals. Practical and backed by extensive research, Fully Charged reveals how to continually refresh your company's energy--so it's always ready to tackle the next period of high demand.

Safeguarding Fundamental Rights In Digital Systems

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Author : Udo Di Fabio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-08

Safeguarding Fundamental Rights In Digital Systems written by Udo Di Fabio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08 with categories.

Politics Finance And The People

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Author : Earl Reitan
language : en
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Release Date : 2007-01-01

Politics Finance And The People written by Earl Reitan and has been published by Palgrave Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.

This book traces the changes in the organization of the British economy following the War of American Independence, which unleashed a political crisis and popular movement in Britain based on demands for 'economical reform'.

The German Conception Of History

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Author : Georg G. Iggers
language : en
Publisher: Wesleyan University Press
Release Date : 2014-01-01

The German Conception Of History written by Georg G. Iggers and has been published by Wesleyan University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-01 with Literary Criticism categories.

The first comprehensive critical examination in any language of the German national tradition of historiography This is the first comprehensive critical examination in any language of the German national tradition of historiography. It analyzes the basic theoretical assumptions of the German historians of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and relates these assumptions to political thought and action. The German national tradition of historiography had its beginnings in the reaction against the Enlightenment and the French Revolution of 1789. This historiography rejected the rationalistic theory of natural law as universally valid and held that all human values must be understood within the context of the historical flux. But it maintained at the same time the Lutheran doctrine that existing political institutions had a rational basis in the will of God, though only a few of these historians were unqualified conservatives. Most argued for liberal institutions within the authoritarian state, but considered that constitutional liberties had to be subordinated to foreign policy—a subordination that was to have tragic results. Mr. Iggers first defines Historismus or historicism and analyzes its origins. Then he traces the transformation of German historical thought from Herder's cosmopolitan culture-oriented nationalism to exclusive state-centered nationalism of the War of Liberation and of national unification. He considers the development of historicism in the writings of such thinkers as von Humboldt, Ranke, Dilthey, Max Weber, Troeltsch, and Meinecke; and he discusses the radicalization and ultimate disintegration of the historicist position, showing how its inadequacies contributed to the political débâcle of the Weimar Republic and the rise of National Socialism. No one who wants to fully understand the political development of national Germany can neglect this study.

Enterprise 2 0 The Art Of Letting Go

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Author : Willms Buhse
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2008

Enterprise 2 0 The Art Of Letting Go written by Willms Buhse and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.

"There is the idea of the 'different' company. A company that after more than 100 years is now turning its back on production based on the division of work. In his introduction, Götz Hamann, journalist for Die Zeit, describes the authors as engaged in an 'attack on capitalism'. Expert articles by such renowned authors as Andrew McAfee, Don Tapscott and David Weinberger are augmented by examples from Nokia, SAP and Vodafone in the quest to discover how Web 2.0 technologies can best be used as business tools, and how companies will need to change in order to survive as Enterprise 2.0 organizations. Not forgetting the question of whether it's worth it for company management. After all, Enterprise 2.0 necessarily implies that decision-makers must also 'let go' and give up their control. Yet are we really ready for this?" CIO "This book can (...) certainly be of help in illuminating a fundamental change taking place in the business world." ChangeX Online Journal for Change in Society and the Economy "The changeover to new ways of thinking in the enterprise requires everyone to undergo a multifaceted learning process." Associated Press "The Ideas Man (David Weinberger) is once again proposing a revolutionary thesis: purge your company of as much control as possible." Financial Times Deutschland "What we have here is a generational change." David Weinberger, in an interview for Spiegel Online