Early Years Of Reform
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China S 40 Years Of Reform And Development 1978 2018
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Author : Ross Garnaut
language : en
Publisher: ANU Press
Release Date : 2018-07-19
China S 40 Years Of Reform And Development 1978 2018 written by Ross Garnaut and has been published by ANU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-19 with Business & Economics categories.
The year 2018 marks 40 years of reform and development in China (1978–2018). This commemorative book assembles some of the world’s most prominent scholars on the Chinese economy to reflect on what has been achieved as a result of the economic reform programs, and to draw out the key lessons that have been learned by the model of growth and development in China over the preceding four decades. This book explores what has happened in the transformation of the Chinese economy in the past 40 years for China itself, as well as for the rest of the world, and discusses the implications of what will happen next in the context of China’s new reform agenda. Focusing on the long-term development strategy amid various old and new challenges that face the economy, this book sets the scene for what the world can expect in China’s fifth decade of reform and development. A key feature of this book is its comprehensive coverage of the key issues involved in China’s economic reform and development. Included are discussions of China’s 40 years of reform and development in a global perspective; the political economy of economic transformation; the progress of marketisation and changes in market-compatible institutions; the reform program for state-owned enterprises; the financial sector and fiscal system reform, and its foreign exchange system reform; the progress and challenges in economic rebalancing; and the continuing process of China’s global integration. This book further documents and analyses the development experiences including China’s large scale of migration and urbanisation, the demographic structural changes, the private sector development, income distribution, land reform and regional development, agricultural development, and energy and climate change policies.
China
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Author : Ross Garnaut
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
China written by Ross Garnaut and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with China categories.
Nine papers by various authors discussing aspects of economic reform in China over a 20 year period.
To Get Rich Is Glorious
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Author : Jacques deLisle
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2019-09-24
To Get Rich Is Glorious written by Jacques deLisle and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-24 with Business & Economics categories.
" In 1978, China launched economic reforms that have resulted in one of history’s most dramatic national transformations. The reforms removed bureaucratic obstacles to economic growth and tapped China’s immense reserves of labor and entrepreneurial talent to unleash unparalleled economic growth in the country. In the four decades since, China has become the world’s second-largest economy after the United States, and a leading force in international trade and investment. As the contributors to this volume show, China also faces daunting challenges in sustaining growth, continuing its economic ransformation, addressing the adverse consequences of economic success, and dealing with mounting suspicion from the United States and other trade and investment partners. China also confronts risks stemming from the project to expand its influence across the globe through infrastructure investments and other projects under the Belt and Road Initiative. At the same time, China’s current leader, Xi Jinping, appears determined to make his own lasting mark on the country and on China’s use of its economic clout to shape the world around it. "
Economic Lessons From China S Forty Years Of Reform And Opening Up
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Author : David Daokui Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Economic Lessons From China S Forty Years Of Reform And Opening Up written by David Daokui Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
This book first shows that the past 40 years of China's economic reform and opening up represents the greatest magnitude of economic growth in history. Based on field trips, extensive and intensive interviews and literature surveys, this book argues that there are five general lessons for a rapid growing economy from China's economic reform and opening up, all in the area of the relationship between the government and the economy. First, the local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid entry and development of enterprises. Second, local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid land conversion from agricultural to non-agricultural. Third, financial deepening is vital; that is, inducing households to hold more and more financial assets in local currency. Financial deepening is essential to convert savings into investments. This requires financial stability, which is crucial. Fourth, the learning through opening up is the key to endogenous economic growth. The fundamental benefit of opening up is learning rather than enjoying comparative advantage. The fifth and final lesson from China is that the central government must proactively manage the macroeconomy. The rationale is that enterprises compete with each other in games of industrial organization. In order to resolve this problem, proactive measures including market-oriented means, administrative orders and reform measures should be implemented. Overall, the main lesson from China's past 40 years of reform and opening up is that proper incentives and behavior of the government, local and central, are important for economic growth. China has been conducting reforms in this regard and as a result, the government more or less has been playing the role of a "helping hand" regarding economic growth, although China's economic system is far from perfect and many reforms are still needed.
Handbook Of Education Policy Studies
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Author : Guorui Fan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-02
Handbook Of Education Policy Studies written by Guorui Fan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-02 with Education categories.
This open access handbook brings together the latest research from a wide range of internationally influential scholars to analyze educational policy research from international, historical and interdisciplinary perspectives. By effectively breaking through the boundaries between countries and disciplines, it presents new theories, techniques and methods for contemporary education policy, and illustrates the educational policies and educational reform practices that various countries have introduced to meet the challenges of continuous change. Based on an analysis of the nature of education policy and education reform, this volume focuses on education reform and the concept of education quality. Adopting a historical and comparative perspective, it examines the dialectical relationship between education policy and education reform in various countries, assesses theoretical and practical issues in the process of moving from regulation to multiple governance in contemporary education administration, and explores the impact of globalization on national education reform and the interdependence between countries. In addition, it presents studies addressing educational policy research methodology from multiple perspectives. Highlighting the changes in national education macro policies, this volume comprehensively reveals the complex relationship between contemporary education reform and social change, and explores the links between contemporary social, political and economic systems and educational policy research and practice, offering a holistic portrait of macro trends in contemporary education reform.
Radical Reform In Irish Schools 1900 1922
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Author : Teresa O'Doherty
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-07-16
Radical Reform In Irish Schools 1900 1922 written by Teresa O'Doherty and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-16 with History categories.
This book examines the radical reform that occurred during the final two decades of British rule in Ireland when William Starkie (1860–1920) presided as Resident Commissioner for the Board. Following the lead of industrialized nations, Irish members of parliament sought to encourage the establishment of a state-funded school system during the early nineteenth century. The year 1831 saw the creation of the Irish National School System. Central to its workings was the National Board of Education which had the responsibility for distributing government funds to aid in the building of schools, the payment of inspectors and teachers, the publication of textbooks, and the cost of teacher training. In the midst of radical political and cultural change within Ireland, visionaries and leaders like Starkie filled an indispensable role in Irish education. They oversaw the introduction of a radical child-centered primary school curriculum, often referred to as the ‘new education’. Filling a gap in Irish history, this book provides a much needed overview of the changes that occurred in primary education during the 22 years leading up to Ireland’s independence.
A Social History Of Maoist China
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Author : Felix Wemheuer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-03-28
A Social History Of Maoist China written by Felix Wemheuer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-28 with History categories.
This new social history of Maoist China provides an accessible view of the complex and tumultuous period when China came under Communist rule.
How Reform Worked In China
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Author : Yingyi Qian
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-11-24
How Reform Worked In China written by Yingyi Qian and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-24 with Business & Economics categories.
A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
China
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Author : Ross Garnaut
language : en
Publisher: ANU E Press
Release Date : 2010-07-01
China written by Ross Garnaut and has been published by ANU E Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
China has made some remarkable achievements during the first three decades of economic reform and opening up, rising to become one of the world's most dynamic and globally-integrated market economies. Yet there remains much unfinished business on the reform and development agenda, coupled with newly emerging challenges. CHINA: THE NEXT TWENTY YEARS OF REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT highlights how the deepening of reforms in critical areas such as domestic factor markets, the exchange rate regime and the health system, combined with the strengthening of channels for effective policy implementation, will enable China to cope with the challenges that lie ahead. These include responding to the pending exhaustion of the unlimited supply of labour; playing a constructive role in reducing global trade imbalances; enhancing firms' ability to innovate; coping with migration, urbanisation and rising inequalities on scales unknown in world history; and dealing with rising energy and metal demand in an era in which low-carbon growth has become a necessity rather than a choice.
Contemporary Issues And Challenge In Early Childhood Education In The Asia Pacific Region
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Author : Minyi Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-26
Contemporary Issues And Challenge In Early Childhood Education In The Asia Pacific Region written by Minyi Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-26 with Education categories.
This book investigates the unique and dynamic approaches to key issues of changing images of child and childhood, by different countries in the Asia-Pacific. Key concepts considered are re-conceptualizing early childhood education and care, re-eaxming early learning standards and redefining professionalism. The Asia Pacific region includes countries belonging to both the Majority and Minority worlds and which vary widely in terms of their cultural geography, social-cultural beliefs, and levels of development, demographic profiles, political systems and government commitments to early childhood services. An international team of experienced researchers from different countries guarantees diverse perspectives. By examining different countries’ policy choices and evidence-based practices, the authors show how best to provide for young children based on their countries’ strategies.