Ewangelicka S U Ba Duszpasterska W Wojsku Polskim 1919 1950
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Working For The Enemy
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Author : Reinhold Billstein
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2004
Working For The Enemy written by Reinhold Billstein and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.
General Motors, the largest corporation on earth today, has been the owner since 1929 of Adam Opel AG, Russelsheim, the maker of Opel cars. Ford Motor Company in 1931 built the Ford Werke factory in Cologne, now the headquarters of European Ford. In this book, historians tell the astonishing story of what happened at Opel and Ford Werke under the Third Reich, and of the aftermath today. Long before the Second World War, key American executives at Ford and General Motors were eager to do business with Nazi Germany. Ford Werke and Opel became indispensable suppliers to the German armed forces, together providing most of the trucks that later motorized the Nazi attempt to conquer Europe. After the outbreak of war in 1939, Opel converted its largest factory to warplane parts production, and both companies set up extensive maintenance and repair networks to help keep the war machine on wheels. During the war, the Nazi Reich used millions of POWs, civilians from German-occupied countries, and concentration camp prisoners as forced laborers in the German homefront economy. Starting in 1940, Ford Werke and Opel also made use of thousands of forced laborers. POWs and civilian detainees, deported to Germany by the Nazi authorities, were kept at private camps owned and managed by the companies. In the longest section of the book, ten people who were forced to work at Ford Werke recall their experiences in oral testimonies. For more than fifty years, legal and political obstacles frustrated efforts to gain compensation for Nazi-era forced labor; in the most recent case, a $12 billion lawsuit was filed against the computer giant I.B.M. by a group of Gypsy organizations. In 1998, former forced laborers filed dozens of class action lawsuits against German corporations in U.S. courts. The concluding chapter reviews the subsequent, immensely complex negotiations towards a settlement - which involved Germany, the United States, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Czech Republic, Israel and several other countries, as well as dozens of well-known German corporations.
Morality And Reality
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Author : Paul R. Magocsi
language : en
Publisher: AMIA / Editorial Milá
Release Date : 1989
Morality And Reality written by Paul R. Magocsi and has been published by AMIA / Editorial Milá this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
King Sigismund Of Poland And Martin Luther
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Author : Natalia Nowakowska
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
King Sigismund Of Poland And Martin Luther written by Natalia Nowakowska and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
The first major study of the early Reformation and the Polish monarchy for over a century, this volume asks why Crown and church in the reign of King Sigismund I (1506-1548) did not persecute Lutherans. It offers a new narrative of Luther's dramatic impact on this monarchy - which saw violent urban Reformations and the creation of Christendom's first Lutheran principality by 1525 - placing these events in their comparative European context. King Sigismund's realm appears to offer a major example of sixteenth-century religious toleration: the king tacitly allowed his Hanseatic ports to enact local Reformations, enjoyed excellent relations with his Lutheran vassal duke in Prussia, allied with pro-Luther princes across Europe, and declined to enforce his own heresy edicts. Polish church courts allowed dozens of suspected Lutherans to walk free. Examining these episodes in turn, this study does not treat toleration purely as the product of political calculation or pragmatism. Instead, through close analysis of language, it reconstructs the underlying cultural beliefs about religion and church (ecclesiology) held by the king, bishops, courtiers, literati, and clergy - asking what, at heart, did these elites understood 'Lutheranism' and 'catholicism' to be? It argues that the ruling elites of the Polish monarchy did not persecute Lutheranism because they did not perceive it as a dangerous Other - but as a variant form of catholic Christianity within an already variegated late medieval church, where social unity was much more important than doctrinal differences between Christians. Building on John Bossy and borrowing from J.G.A. Pocock, it proposes a broader hypothesis on the Reformation as a shift in the languages and concept of orthodoxy.
The Communicative Construction Of Reality
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Author : Hubert Knoblauch
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-12-06
The Communicative Construction Of Reality written by Hubert Knoblauch and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-06 with Social Science categories.
This volume advocates a shift from the social constructivism found in the work of Thomas Luckmann and Peter Berger, to a communicative constructivism that acknowledges communication as an embodied form of action in its own right, according to which social actors, in engaging in communicative action, construct a material social reality that guides, delimits, and enables actions. A study of the importance of understanding the role of communication in an age in which digitization and mediatization have extended the reach of communication to a global level and brought about the emergence of the communication society, The Communicative Construction of Reality shows how communication society does not merely replace modern society and its hierarchical institutions, but complements it in a manner that continually results in conflicts leading to the refiguration of society. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology with interests in the sociology of knowledge, communication, and social theory.
Panslavism And Germanism
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Author : Valerian Krasinski (Count)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1848
Panslavism And Germanism written by Valerian Krasinski (Count) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1848 with Pangermanism categories.
Cultural Heritage And Tourism In The Developing World
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Author : Dallen J. Timothy
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-05-18
Cultural Heritage And Tourism In The Developing World written by Dallen J. Timothy and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-18 with Science categories.
Cultural Heritage and Tourism in the Developing World is the first book of its kind to synthesize global and regional issues, challenges, and practices related to cultural heritage and tourism, specifically in less-developed nations. The importance of preservation and management of cultural heritage has been realized as an increasing number of tourists are visiting heritage attractions. Although many of the issues and challenges developing countries face in terms of heritage management are quite different from those in the developed world, there is a lack of consolidated research on this important subject. This seminal book tackles the issues through theoretical discourse, ideas and problems that underlay heritage tourism in terms of conservation, management, economics and underdevelopment, politics and power, resource utilization, colonialism, and various other antecedent notions that have shaped the development of heritage tourism in the less-developed regions of the world. The book is comprised of two sections. The first section highlights the broader conceptual underpinnings, debates, and paradigms in the realm of heritage tourism in developing regions. The chapters of this section examine heritage resources and the tourism product; protecting heritage relics, places and traditions; politics of heritage; and the impacts of heritage tourism. The second section examines heritage tourism issues in specific regions, including the Pacific Islands, South Asia, the Caribbean, China and Northeast Asia, South-East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and Latin America. Each region has unique histories, cultures, political traditions, heritages, issues and problems, and the way these issues are tackled vary from place to place. This volume develops frameworks that are useful tools for heritage managers, planners and policy-makers, researchers, and students in understanding the complexity of cultural heritage and tourism in the developing world. Unlike many other books written about developing regions, this book provides insiders’ perspectives, as most of the empirical chapters are authored by the individuals who live or have lived in the various regions and have a greater understanding of the region’s culture, history, and operational frameworks in the realm of cultural heritage. The richness of this ‘indigenous’ or expert knowledge comes through as each regional overview elucidates the primary challenges and opportunities facing heritage and tourism managers in the less affluent areas of the world.
The Theology Of John Fisher
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Author : Richard Rex
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-09-18
The Theology Of John Fisher written by Richard Rex and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-18 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
This book examines the intellectual career of Bishop John Fisher (1468-1535), the early sixteenth-century bishop of Rochester and victim of Henry VIII's Reformation, whose numerous writings included one of the most influential refutations of Martin Luther of the century. It places Fisher's writings in the context of contemporary movements of Renaissance and Reformation.
Industry And Modernism
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Author : Anja Kervanto Nevanlinna
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Industry And Modernism written by Anja Kervanto Nevanlinna and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Architecture, Industrial categories.
For post-war Europe, industrial production and its methods of rationalisation and modernisation were adopted as a model for societies more generally. To replace the nationalism of the 1930s that had led to a catastrophe, universal values and technologies were seen as important. Modernism in architecture was both an instrument to realise these goals and the symbol of modern society. Modernism meant technological progress, economic security, relative political stability and social equality, that is, what being European was about. In the book "Industry and Modernism", the meaning of industrial production is discussed particularly in the context of the Nordic and Baltic post-war histories. The polarities of the Cold War suppressed similarities between the two worlds such as the shared belief in the power of architecture, planning and technology to construct new societies. For many western European countries, Nordic countries represented a model of the welfare state, just as Baltic countries were seen as models within the Soviet hegemony. In the book, economic and social history is integrated with business history, architectural history, and the study of industrial heritage.
German History From The Margins
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Author : Neil Gregor
language : en
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Release Date : 2006-06-14
German History From The Margins written by Neil Gregor and has been published by Indiana University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-14 with History categories.
German History from the Margins offers new ways of thinking about ethnic and religious minorities and other outsiders in modern German history. Many established paradigms of German history are challenged by the contributors' new and often provocative findings, including evidence of the striking cosmopolitanism of Germany's 19th-century eastern border communities; German Jewry's sophisticated appropriation of the discourse of tribe and race; the unexpected absence of antisemitism in Weimar's campaign against smut; the Nazi embrace of purportedly "Jewish" sexual behavior; and post-war West Germany's struggles with ethnic and racial minorities despite its avowed liberalism. Germany's minorities have always been active partners in defining what it is to be German, and even after 1945, despite the legacy of the Nazis' murderous destructiveness, German society continues to be characterized by ethnic and cultural diversity.
Catholic Resistance In Elizabethan England
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Author : Professor Victor Houliston
language : en
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Release Date : 2013-06-28
Catholic Resistance In Elizabethan England written by Professor Victor Houliston and has been published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-28 with History categories.
During his lifetime, the Jesuit priest Robert Persons (1546–1610) was arguably the leading figure fighting for the re-establishment of Catholicism in England. Whilst his colleague Edmund Campion may now be better known it was Persons's tireless efforts that kept the Jesuit mission alive during the difficult days of Elizabeth's reign. In this new study, Person's life and phenomenal literary output are analysed and put into the broader context of recent Catholic scholarship. The book bridges the gap between historical studies, on the one hand, and literary studies on the other, by concentrating on Persons's contribution as a writer to the polemical culture of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. As well as discussing his wider achievements as leader of the English Jesuits – founding three seminaries for English priests, corresponding regularly with Catholic activists in England, writing over thirty books, holding the post of rector of the English College in Rome, and being a trusted consultant to the papacy on English affairs – this study looks in detail at what is arguably his greatest legacy, The First Booke of the Christian Exercise (more commonly known as the Book of Resolution). That book, first published in 1582, was to prove the cornerstone of Persons's missionary effort, and a popular work of Catholic devotion, running to several editions over the coming years. Although Persons was ultimately unsuccessful in his ambition to return England to the Catholic fold, the story of his life and works reveals much about the ecclesiastical struggle that gripped early modern Europe. By providing a thorough and up-to-date reassessment of Persons this study not only makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the polemical context of post-Reformation Catholicism, but also of the Jesuit notion of the 'apostolate of writing'. This book is published in conjunction with the Jesuit Historical Institute series 'Bibliotheca Instituti Historici Societatis Iesu'.