Fallacious

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Logically Fallacious

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Author : Bo Bennett
language : en
Publisher: eBookIt.com
Release Date : 2012-02-19

Logically Fallacious written by Bo Bennett and has been published by eBookIt.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-19 with Education categories.

This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to improve his or her reasoning skills. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime." - Bo Bennett This 2021 Edition includes dozens of more logical fallacies with many updated examples.

Informal Logical Fallacies

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Author : Jacob E. Van Vleet
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2021-01-28

Informal Logical Fallacies written by Jacob E. Van Vleet and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-28 with Philosophy categories.

Critical thinking is now needed more than ever. This accessible and engaging book provides the necessary tools to question and challenge the discourse that surrounds us—whether in the media, the classroom, or everyday conversation. Additionally, it offers readers a deeper understanding of the foundations of analytical thought. Informal Logical Fallacies: A Brief Guide is a systematic and concise introduction to more than fifty fallacies, from anthropomorphism and argumentum ad baculum, to reductionism and the slippery slope argument. This revised edition includes updated examples, exercises, and a new chapter on non-Western logical fallacies. With helpful definitions and relevant explanations, the author guides the reader through the realms of fallacious reasoning and deceptive rhetoric. This is an essential guide to philosophical reflection and clear thinking.

Fallacies And Argument Appraisal

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Author : Christopher W. Tindale
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-01-22

Fallacies And Argument Appraisal written by Christopher W. Tindale and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-22 with Philosophy categories.

Fallacies and Argument Appraisal presents an introduction to the nature, identification, and causes of fallacious reasoning, along with key questions for evaluation. Drawing from the latest work on fallacies as well as some of the standard ideas that have remained relevant since Aristotle, Christopher Tindale investigates central cases of major fallacies in order to understand what has gone wrong and how this has occurred. Dispensing with the approach that simply assigns labels and brief descriptions of fallacies, Tindale provides fuller treatments that recognize the dialectical and rhetorical contexts in which fallacies arise. This volume analyzes major fallacies through accessible, everyday examples. Critical questions are developed for each fallacy to help the student identify them and provide considered evaluations.

Logical Fallacies

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Author : B. J. Copeland
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-09-26

Logical Fallacies written by B. J. Copeland and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-26 with categories.

Logical fallaciesWhat is a Logical Fallacy, Exactly?-------------------All logical fallacies(34)-Examples-Simple Explanation------------------------The word "fallacy" comes from the Latin "fallacia" which means "deception, deceit, trick, artifice," however, a more specific meaning in logic (a logical fallacy) that dates back to the 1550s means "false syllogism, invalid argumentation."An Error in ReasoningOne of the earliest academic discussions of logical fallacies comes from the book Elementary Lessons in Logic: Deductive and Inductive, published by MacMillian and Co. in 1872 where the modern definition of logical fallacies is used: "the modes in which, by neglecting the rules of logic, we often fall into erroneous reasoning." Today, this basic definition is still used, and often abbreviated to just "an error in reasoning." It is not a factual error.The Difference Between Logical Fallacies and Cognitive BiasesIn the early 1970s, two behavioral researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky pioneered the field of behavioral economics through their work with cognitive biases and heuristics, which like logical fallacies, deal with errors in reasoning. The main difference, however, is that logical fallacies require an argument whereas cognitive biases and heuristics (mental shortcuts) refer to our default pattern of thinking. Sometimes there is crossover. Logical fallacies can be the result of a cognitive bias, but having biases (which we all do) does not mean that we have to commit logical fallacies. Consider the bandwagon effect, a cognitive bias that demonstrates the tendency to believe things because many other people believe them. This cognitive bias can be found in the logical fallacy, appeal to popularity.Everybody is doing X.Therefore, X must be the right thing to do.The cognitive bias is the main reason we commit this fallacy. However, if we just started working at a soup kitchen because all of our friends were working there, this wouldn't be a logical fallacy, although the bandwagon effect would be behind our behavior. The appeal to popularity is a fallacy because it applies to an argument.I would say that more often than not, cognitive biases do not lead to logical fallacies. This is because cognitive biases are largely unconscious processes that bypass reason, and the mere exercise of consciously evaluating an argument often causes us to counteract the bias.Factual Errors are Not Logical FallaciesTo illustrate this point, let's consider the availability heuristic, a cognitive bias that describes the tendency for one to overestimate the likelihood of more salient events, usually the result of how recent the memories are or how unusual or emotionally charged they may be. This bias can be demonstrated in believing that you are more likely to die in a plane crash than an automobile accident because of all the plane crashes you see in the news. As a result of this bias, one might argue: Plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents. Therefore, it is safer to drive in a car than fly in a plane.This is not fallacious; it's factually incorrect. If it were true that plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents, the conclusion would be reasonable. The argument itself does not contain flawed reasoning; it contains incorrect information. While we can say the reasoning behind the argument was fallacious, there is no logical fallacy present in the argument. Similarly, if I told you that the sun was about 30 miles from the earth and the size of a football stadium, I would not be committing a fallacy-but I would be a moron. Factual errors are not fallacies........

Logically Fallacious The Ultimate Collection Of Over 300 Logical Fallacies Academic Edition

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Author : Phd Bo Bennett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-04-01

Logically Fallacious The Ultimate Collection Of Over 300 Logical Fallacies Academic Edition written by Phd Bo Bennett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-01 with Education categories.

This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to be improve his or her reasoning skills. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime." - Bo Bennett

Falsehood And Fallacy

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Author : Bethany Kilcrease
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2021

Falsehood And Fallacy written by Bethany Kilcrease and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Academic writing categories.

Falsehood and Fallacy emphasizes that in our politically divided landscape, we all need to be able to read and research more critically in order to make well-reasoned arguments.

Logic And Mr Limbaugh

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Author : Ray Perkins (Jr.)
language : en
Publisher: Open Court Publishing
Release Date : 1995

Logic And Mr Limbaugh written by Ray Perkins (Jr.) and has been published by Open Court Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Biography & Autobiography categories.

Logic and Mr. Limbaugh is both an entertaining introduction to the elements of logic and a serious critique of the practical logic of a major conservative propagandist. Professor Perkins takes 50 examples of logical reasoning from Rush's statements, identifies the logical arguments, and points out fallacies.

76 Fallacies

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Author : Michael LaBossiere
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2013-03-16

76 Fallacies written by Michael LaBossiere and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-16 with Fallacies (Logic) categories.

The book presents the following 73 informal fallacies: Accent, Fallacy of Accident, Fallacy of Ad Hominem Ad Hominem Tu Quoque Amphiboly, Fallacy of Anecdotal Evidence, Fallacy Of Appeal to the Consequences of a Belief Appeal to Authority, Fallacious Appeal to Belief Appeal to Common Practice Appeal to Emotion Appeal to Envy Appeal to Fear Appeal to Flattery Appeal to Group Identity Appeal to Guilt Appeal to Novelty Appeal to Pity Appeal to Popularity Appeal to Ridicule Appeal to Spite Appeal to Tradition Appeal to Silence Appeal to Vanity Argumentum ad Hitlerum Begging the Question Biased Generalization Burden of Proof Complex Question Composition, Fallacy of Confusing Cause and Effect Confusing Explanations and Excuses Circumstantial Ad Hominem Cum Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc Division, Fallacy of Equivocation, Fallacy of Fallacious Example Fallacy Fallacy False Dilemma Gambler's Fallacy Genetic Fallacy Guilt by Association Hasty Generalization Historian's Fallacy Illicit Conversion Ignoring a Common Cause Incomplete Evidence Middle Ground Misleading Vividness Moving the Goal Posts Oversimplified Cause Overconfident Inference from Unknown Statistics Pathetic Fallacy Peer Pressure Personal Attack Poisoning the Well Positive Ad Hominem Post Hoc Proving X, Concluding Y Psychologist's fallacy Questionable Cause Rationalization Red Herring Reification, Fallacy of Relativist Fallacy Slippery Slope Special Pleading Spotlight Straw Man Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy Two Wrongs Make a Right Victim Fallacy Weak Analogy The book contains the following three formal (deductive) fallacies: Affirming the Consequent Denying the Antecedent Undistributed Middle

Informal Fallacies

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Author : Douglas N. Walton
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 1987

Informal Fallacies written by Douglas N. Walton and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Philosophy categories.

The basic question of this monograph is: how should we go about judging arguments to be reasonable or unreasonable? Our concern will be with argument in a broad sense, with realistic arguments in natural language. The basic object will be to engage in a normative study of determining what factors, standards, or procedures should be adopted or appealed to in evaluating an argument as “good,” “not-so-good,” “open to criticism,” “fallacious,” and so forth. Hence our primary concern will be with the problems of how to criticize an argument, and when a criticism is reasonably justified.

Fallacies

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Author : Hans V. Hansen
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 2010-11

Fallacies written by Hans V. Hansen and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11 with Philosophy categories.

Since 1970, when Charles Hamblin issued a challenge for philosophers, logicians, and educators in general to begin work anew in fallacies, a serious literature on fallacies has indeed developed. Part of this literature deals with the theory of what fallacies are; another part of it contains rigorous analyses of particular fallacies. However, most is still not readily accessible to the researcher, teacher, or student of the field. As a result, the best work on fallacies is not finding its way into the classroom, nor is it informing the educational and intellectual experiences available to most college and university students. A major purpose of this book is to make the post-Hamblin work on fallacies available to a wider audience in a single, convenient volume. The editors have brought together for the first time the most important historical writings on fallacy theory, from Aristotle to John Stuart Mill, and the most recent and most important theoretical and pedagogical developments in the field since Hamblin's landmark 1970 book. All but a few of the essays included are new contributions for this anthology, and an extensive annotated bibliography is included for researchers and students of fallacies and fallacy theory.