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Ladies In The Laboratory Iv

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Author : Mary R. S. Creese
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2015-03-12

Ladies In The Laboratory Iv written by Mary R. S. Creese and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-12 with Science categories.

The first volume of Ladies in the Laboratory provided a systematic survey and comparison of the work of nineteenth-century American and British women in scientific research. Companion volumes focused on women scientists from Western Europe and the former British colonial territories of South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. In Ladies in the Laboratory IV, Mary R.S. Creese expands her scope to include the contributions of nineteenth-century women of Imperial Russia. Many of these women believed that science was the key to social progress, and the great advances in scientific research—work in which Russians had leading roles—made scientific training especially attractive. Featuring biographical sketches of more than 120 women, this volume covers individuals whose scientific research encompassed medicine, chemistry, zoology, botany, and paleontology. Organized into chapters by field, the entries provide details about the personal backgrounds as well as professional achievements of these remarkable women. A well-organized blend of individual life stories and quantitative information, this volume is for everyone interested in nineteenth century science. The stories of these women make for fascinating reading and serve as a valuable source for those who want to learn more about the history of women in science and medicine as well as nineteenth-century Russian history.

Die Bedeutung Der Berufsrolle F R Frauen In Stabilen Partnerschaften

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Author : Grote, Gudela
language : de
Publisher: Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
Release Date : 2014-11-17

Die Bedeutung Der Berufsrolle F R Frauen In Stabilen Partnerschaften written by Grote, Gudela and has been published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-17 with Philosophy categories.

Die vorliegende Untersuchung leistet einen Beitrag zur psychologischen Erfassung weiblichen Selbstverständnisses und seines Ausdrucks in der persönlichen Lebensgestaltung. Dazu wurden zwei wesentliche Elemente der Identität von Frauen betrachtet: die Berufs- und die Familienrolle. Es sollten Grundsituationen im Spannungsfeld zwischen den Leitbildern der ehe- und familiengebundenen bzw. berufsgebundenen Frau differenziert und Annahmen zu ihrer Entstehung hergeleitet werden. Um die individuellen Bedeutungszuweisungen und Interpretationen der Berufs- und Familienrolle und ihre Widerspiegelung in der aktuellen Lebenssituation zu erfassen, wurden vierzehn Frauen mit Hilfe von unstrukturierten Interviews eingehend zu den Bereichen Beruf, Partnerschaft und Selbstkonzept befragt. Die Gesprächspartnerinnen waren zwischen 30 und 43 Jahre alt und Angehörige der Mittelschicht, hatten eine abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung und eine seit mindestens sechs Jahren bestehende stabile Beziehung zu einem Mann. Die meisten Frauen waren verheiratet und hatten ein bis zwei Kinder. Eine Hälfte von ihnen arbeitete noch in ihrem Beruf, die andere Hälfte hatte ihn aufgegeben, fast immer wegen der Betreuung der Kinder. Die Auswertung der Interviews erfolgte auf zweifache Weise, indem zum einen der persönliche Entwicklungsverlauf jeder Frau dargestellt wurde, zum anderen die Inhalte des jeweiligen Gesprächs mit Hilfe von Beschreibungsdimensionen systematisiert wurden, die aus bereits vorliegenden Forschungsergebnissen sowie der Gesamtheit der Daten aller Interviews hergeleitet worden waren. Die individuellen Fallstudien wurden anschließend unter mehreren Gesichtspunkten vergleichen, um allgemeine Auffälligkeiten und Häufigkeiten erkennbar zu machen. Die Vergleiche erfolgten innerhalb der Gesamtgruppe, zwischen berufstätigen und nicht mehr berufstätigen Frauen, zwischen berufs- und familienorientierten Frauen und anhand der Übereinstimmung von Berufs- bzw. Familienorientierung mit der jetzigen Lebensgestaltung. Es zeigte sich, daß die Entscheidung für oder gegen die Berufstätigkeit durch andere Faktoren beeinflußt wurde als die Entwicklung der individuellen Rollenverständnisse. Die Fortsetzung der Berufstätigkeit über den Zeitpunkt der Familiengründung hinaus wurde vor allem durch eine geeignete Ausgangsposition im Beruf (hohe Qualifikation und großer Spielraum bei der Arbeitszeitgestaltung) und eine Partnerschaft, die neue, von der Tradition abweichende Rollendefinitionen zuläßt, begünstigt. Kennzeichen solcher Partnerschaften waren eine im Verständnis der Geschlechterrollen verankerte Betonung der Gleichheit der Partner, wachsende Intensität der Beziehung, Konfliktaustragung, gleiche Machtverteilung, hohe Vereinbarkeit der Rollenverständnisse der Partner und partnerschaftliche Arbeitsteilung. Demgegenüber stieg die individuelle Bedeutsamkeit des Berufs, je weniger die bestehende Partnerschaft diese Kennzeichen aufwies. Außerdem ging eine große Bedeutsamkeit der Berufsrolle - unabhängig von der Art des ausgeübten Berufs - oftmals einher mit einer erst während der Berufstätigkeit erworbenen Berufsidentifikation und einer ausgeprägten persönlichen Orientierung an gesellschaftlich anerkannten Werten. Stimmten Lebensgestaltung im Sinne von Ausübung bzw. Nichtausübung eines Berufs und Bedeutung, die dem Beruf beigemessen wurde, überein, äußerte sich dies in verschiedenen Merkmalen des Selbstkonzepts: Optimismus, Offenheit, Selbstbewußtsein, Aktivsein, Durchsetzungskraft und ausgeprägte Geschlechtsidentität. Letzteres war auch der Fall bei berufstätigen Müttern, denen der Beruf sehr wichtig war. Insgesamt verdeutlicht die Untersuchung die Komplexität des Zusammenhangs zwischen Rollenverständnis und Lebensgestaltung und weist unter anderem die Bedeutsamkeit der Qualität der Partnerschaft für diesen Zusammenhang aus. Zudem zeigt sich die Wichtigkeit der Übereinstimmung von Rollenverständnis und Lebensgestaltung für die Entwicklung eines positiven Selbstkonzepts. Diese Ergebnisse können als Grundlage für die Bildung spezifischer Hypothesen dienen, um die hier nur vermuteten Verursachungszusammenhänge gezielt zu überprüfen. Die Wechselwirkung zwischen Partnerschaftsstrukturen einerseits und der Ausübung und Bedeutsamkeit der Berufstätigkeit andererseits könnte auf diese Weise genauer erforscht werden, ebenso der Zusammenhang zwischen Selbstkonzept und rollenverständniskonformer Lebensgestaltung. This study contributes to the psychological understanding of female identity and its expression in individual biographies. Two important elements of identity were investigated: occupational and family role. The aim was to identify basic patterns in the negotiation between the role models of the relationship- and family-oriented versus the job-oriented woman and to derive assumptions about their development. In order to capture individual meanings and interpretations of occupational and family roles and their reflection in the actual life situation, unstructured interviews were carried out with fourteen women on the topics of occupation, relationship, and self-concept. The interviewees were between 30 and 43 years old, belonged to the middle class, had higher-education diplomas, and had lived in a stable relationship with a man for at least the last six years. Most women were married and had one to two children. Half of them stilled work in their learned occupation, the other half had given up their jobs, mostly in order to take care of their children. The interviews were analysed in terms of individual development paths for each woman and by coding the contents by means of dimensions derived from the literature and a review of the data contained in all interviews. The individual case studies were then compared with respect to a number of perspectives in order to identify general patterns. Specifically, comparisons were carried out between all individual cases, between employed and non-employed women, between job- and family-oriented women, and concerning the (mis)match between personal orientation and the current life situation. It was found that the decision in favour or against having a job was affected by other factors than the development of personal role concepts. The continuation of employment after having children was promoted by a suitable job situation (high qualification and high decision-latitude concerning working times) and by a relationship which permitted new role definitions departing from traditional patterns. These relationships were characterized by a definition of gender roles which stressed quality between partners, increasing intensity of the relationship, open and constructive handling of conflicts, equal distribution of power, high compatibility of role definitions between the partners, and equal sharing of home and family work. On the other hand, the individual significance of the occupational role increased in relationships which did not have these characteristics. Moreover, the occupational role was more important - independent of the particular job carried out - if the identification with the job had only begun during employment and personal values were closely aligned with societal significance. The self-concept of those women for whom their current life situation matched the relevance they gave to job and family roles, was marked by optimism, openness, self-worth, activity, assertiveness, and pronounced gender identity. The latter was also true for employed mothers who highly valued their occupation. Overall the study demonstrates the complex nature of the interaction between role identity and life situation and indicates the importance of relationship quality as particularly important in this interaction. Furthermore, the significance of matching personal orientations and life situation for the development of a positive self-concept is shown. These results can help to formulate specific hypotheses to test the assumed causal paths. The interaction between relationship structures on the one hand and valuing and having a job on the other could thus be investigated more systematically as could be the interaction between the self-concept and a congruent life situation.

Sprichw Rter Der Germanischen Und Romanischen Sprachen Vergleichend Zusammengestellt

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Author : Freifrau Ida von Reinsberg-Du ringsfeld
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1875

Sprichw Rter Der Germanischen Und Romanischen Sprachen Vergleichend Zusammengestellt written by Freifrau Ida von Reinsberg-Du ringsfeld and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1875 with Proverbs categories.

Concise Compendium Of The World S Languages

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Author : George L. Campbell
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-09-02

Concise Compendium Of The World S Languages written by George L. Campbell and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with Foreign Language Study categories.

From Afrikaans to Zulu, almost 100 languages from the comprehensive Compendium of the World's Languages are featured in this new concise version. Many articles have been revised. The Concise Compendium presents a detailed comparative study of the major and many of the lesser known languages of the world. Included are representatives of all language families, with samples of Amerindian, such as Navajo and of African languages, such as Fulani and Nama; languages of politically independent groups in the former USSR, like Uzbek and Belorussian; those of political pressure groups, such as Breton and Catalan and significant community/ethnic languages, including Amharic and Vietnamese. Throughout, the treatment is factual and jargon-free. Articles are ordered alphabetically and each has a standard structure for ease of reference: * general historical and sociolinguistic introduction * writing system * sound system * grammatical system A passage from the Gospel of St. John illustrates each language with a written tradition. These scripts are explained in an appendix at the end of the book. Presents 100 of the world's major languages and representatives of different language groups, politically significant languages and particularly interesting ones.

Theologie Des At Aus Der Perspektive Von Frauen

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Author : Manfred Oeming
language : de
Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster
Release Date : 2003

Theologie Des At Aus Der Perspektive Von Frauen written by Manfred Oeming and has been published by LIT Verlag Münster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Bible categories.

Gesammtabenteuer

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Author : Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1850

Gesammtabenteuer written by Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1850 with Folk literature, German categories.

Learning With Adults

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Author : Peter Mayo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-01-06

Learning With Adults written by Peter Mayo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-06 with Education categories.

This anthology brings together some of the finest writers on different aspects of adult education and related areas to provide a complementary reader to the introductory text by Leona English and Peter Mayo Learning with Adults: A Critical Introduction. Areas tackled include Disability, Prisons, Third Age Universities, Lifelong Learning Policy, Learning Society, Poverty, LGBTQ, Sport, Women, Literacy, Transformative Learning, Community Arts, Aesthetics, Consumption, Migration, Libraries, Folk High Schools, Adult Education Policy, Subaltern Southern Social Movements, Social Creation, Community Radio, Social Film. Contexts focused on include Africa, Caribbean, Europe, Latin America, Asia (India), small island states. Over thirty authors involved including Zygmunt Bauman, Rosa Maria Torres, Oskar Negt, Antonia Darder, Jim Elmborg, D. W. Livingstone, Palle Rasmussen, Mae Shaw, Leona English, Asoke Bhattacharya, Cynthia L. Pemberton, Eileen Casey White, Daniel Schugurensky, Dip Kapoor, Peter Rule, John Myers, Joseph Giordmaina, Antonia De Vita, Alexis Kokkos, Marvin Formosa, Carmel Borg, Julia Preece, Patricia Cranton, Lyn Tett, Ali A. Abdi, Anna Maria Piussi, Behrang Foroughi, Taadi Ruth Modipa, Robert Hill, Edward Shiza, Kaela Jubas and Didacus Jules. ... Learning with Adults: A Reader constitutes the most valuable practical and theoretical reflection on adult education I have seen in a long time. Nelly P. Stromquist, Professor, International Education Policy, College of Education University of Maryland, College Park ... This book provides an opportunity at a very appropriate moment to discuss adult education issues during challenging times. Paula Guimarães, University of Lisbon ... Read and savour delights and surprises. Michael Welton, UBC and Athabasca University This book satisfies everything one could desire of a reader on the subject. Kenneth Wain, University of Malta