Heterogenit T Oder Elite

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Poverty Elite Heterogeneity And The Allocation Of Public Spending

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Author : Sarmistha Pal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Poverty Elite Heterogeneity And The Allocation Of Public Spending written by Sarmistha Pal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.

In this paper, we explore how in India, the world's largest democracy, the presence of different elite groups - the dominant landed and capitalist elite, and the minority elite (who are the elected representatives of the marginalized women and low caste population) - could affect the nature and extent of public spending on various accounts, especially education. We argue that the productive cooperation between the capitalist elite and workers may induce capitalists to favor spending on education, while the landed elite tend to oppose investment in basic education because they are fearful of dilution of their political dominance by the educated poor. While the minority elite may tend to favor redistributive spending, including that on education, their effectiveness could be limited by their under-representation in the government. Results from the Indian states for the period 1960-2002 provide support for these hypotheses.

Balancing Mass Sports Participation And Elite Sports Performance

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Author : Karolina Nessel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

Balancing Mass Sports Participation And Elite Sports Performance written by Karolina Nessel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

Despite the positive interdependence between mass and elite sports performance assumed in many official policy statements, even wealthy countries are faced with a dilemma of priorities in their sport policy, balancing needs for a high participation in sports for all (to reduce health and social risks) with a desire for a success in the Olympic Games (to improve national pride and international recognition of a country brand). The main aim of this research was to investigate the heterogeneity of the EU countries in terms of their mass sports participation and elite sports achievements. Its secondary aim was to explore the potential correlates of this heterogeneity.

Inequality And Heterogeneity

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Author : Peter M. Blau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977

Inequality And Heterogeneity written by Peter M. Blau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Psychology categories.

Intra Party Heterogeneity In Policy Preferences And Its Effect On Issue Salience

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Author : Nils D. Steiner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019

Intra Party Heterogeneity In Policy Preferences And Its Effect On Issue Salience written by Nils D. Steiner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.

Replication Of Re Assessing Elite Public Gaps In Political Behavior By Joshua Kertzer

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Author : Eric Guntermann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022

Replication Of Re Assessing Elite Public Gaps In Political Behavior By Joshua Kertzer written by Eric Guntermann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.

Kertzer (2022) conducts a meta-analysis of parallel experiments on samples of political elites and ordinary citizens. He examines whether the average treatment effect for elites is significantly different from the average treatment effect for citizens, finding that only 19 of 162 (11.7%) difference-in-difference estimates are statistically significant after adjusting for the false discovery rate. He also finds that elites and masses hold similar foreign policy attitudes after controlling for their demographic characteristics. In this replication report, we begin by running robustness and heterogeneity tests for the first claim. We find that the results survive many robustness tests. We also find, however, that only a small number of the these treatments significantly affected masses (N=28) or elites (N=30). This low rate suggests the possibility that almost all of these experiments failed to successfully manipulate either masses or elites. If so, we may not be able to conclude that masses and elites respond similarly to experiments with confidence until political scientists produce more experiments with actual treatment effects or with successful manipulation checks in cases of null effects. In the second part of this replication report, we conceptually replicate the second Kertzer analysis, finding a strong correlation between elite and mass political decisions and attitudes, thus confirming Kertzer's analysis.

Using Admission Lotteries To Estimate Heterogeneous Effects Of Elite Schools

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Author : Hessel Oosterbeek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Using Admission Lotteries To Estimate Heterogeneous Effects Of Elite Schools written by Hessel Oosterbeek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

This paper studies the effects of enrollment in an elite school on students' achievement. We use that elite schools in Amsterdam are often oversubscribed and admission is based on lotteries. Our results show that elite schools have negative effects on achievement of students who just qualify for the highest academic track and positive effects on achievement of students from the top of the baseline ability distribution. These results reconcile contrasting findings from previous studies that use regression discontinuity designs. We also find that value-added estimates of the effects of elite schools are severely biased.

Institutionalizing Elites

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Author : Suzanne Francis
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2011-12-23

Institutionalizing Elites written by Suzanne Francis and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-23 with Social Science categories.

This book offers a new framework for the study of political elites and an empirically rich interrogation of the realization, accumulation and exercise of institutionalized political power by political elites in the African context of the Provincial Legislature of KwaZulu-Natal.

Torn Between America And China

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Author : Daniel Novotny
language : en
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Release Date : 2010

Torn Between America And China written by Daniel Novotny and has been published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with History categories.

How can a developing, democratic and predominantly Muslim country like Indonesia manage its foreign relations, while facing a myriad of security concerns and dilemmas in the increasingly complex post-Cold War international politics, without compromising its national interests and sacrificing its independence? Approaching this problem from the vantage point of the Indonesian foreign policy elite, this book explores the elite's perceptions about other states and the manner in which these shape the decision-making process and determine policy outcomes. The combined qualitative and quantitative research strategy draws on a unique series of in-depth interviews with 45 members of the Indonesian foreign policy elite that included the country's (present and/or former) presidents, cabinet ministers, high-ranking military officers, and senior diplomats. Among all state actors, Indonesian relations with the United States and China are the highest concern of the elite. The leaders believe that, in the future, Indonesia will increasingly have to manoeuvre between the two rival powers. While the United States during George W. Bush's presidency was seen as the main security threat to Indonesia, China is considered the main malign factor in the long run with power capabilities that need to be constrained and counter-balanced.

Heterogeneity And Social Incorporation Elite And Non Elite German Speaking Immigrants In Yucat N During The Extended Porfiriato Paper Presented At The 17th Congress Of Mesoamericanists Basel Switzerland 31st Of January To 2nd Of February 2014

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Author : Alma Durán-Merk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Heterogeneity And Social Incorporation Elite And Non Elite German Speaking Immigrants In Yucat N During The Extended Porfiriato Paper Presented At The 17th Congress Of Mesoamericanists Basel Switzerland 31st Of January To 2nd Of February 2014 written by Alma Durán-Merk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

Issue Clarity And Heterogeneity In The Issue Basis Of Party Identification

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Author : Andrew Douglas Garner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Issue Clarity And Heterogeneity In The Issue Basis Of Party Identification written by Andrew Douglas Garner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.

This dissertation examines differences in how citizens form their beliefs about government policy and the impact such differences have on the translation of these issue opinions into long-standing preferences for one of the two major political parties. The political environment--candidates, party leaders, the news media, coworkers, and so forth--provides a common set of political definitions or conceptions that are readily available to citizens. Yet nothing requires citizens to base their issue preferences on these politically-constructed considerations, nor to define the parties the way that political elites would like. The central argument of this dissertation is that the degree to which citizens rely on these core political considerations will affect the translation of their issue preferences into their party identifications. Heteroskedastic regression is used to directly model the error variance of issue placement. After controlling for the citizen's social demographic characteristics, the error variance can be interpreted as the degree to which citizens rely on their group interest, values, and cue-givers (e.g. the core political considerations provided through the political environment). I find that political information is a requisite for translating the cues communicated by political elites into issue placement, although the effect of information varied considerably across issues in response to the level of elite discourse of that issue. Furthermore, I also find that citizens with a personal stake in an issue tend to become more variable in their preferences. Blacks, for example, had much larger predicted variances on racial issues than for non-racial issues. The predicted error variances from these heteroskedastic regression models then enter into a second-stage model of party identification as interaction terms. I find that the relationship between issue preferences and party identification is strongest among citizens with low predicted variances and weakest among citizens with high predicted variances. I also examine the conditioning effect of response variability on the issue-basis of party identification from 1972 to the present.