Indonesia S Agriculture Situation And Policy Classic Reprint
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Indonesia S Agriculture
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Author : Robert Michael McConnell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Indonesia S Agriculture written by Robert Michael McConnell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Agriculture categories.
Indonesia S Agriculture Situation And Policy
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Indonesia S Agriculture Situation And Policy written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Agriculture categories.
Agriculture In Indonesia Classic Reprint
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Author : Geraldine Waldo Abbott
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2018-03-19
Agriculture In Indonesia Classic Reprint written by Geraldine Waldo Abbott and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-19 with Business & Economics categories.
Excerpt from Agriculture in Indonesia Indonesia has two distinct agricultural sectors-the estate sector, using advanced capital-intensive techniques, and the smallholder sector, using traditional labor intensive methods. Before World War II, the estate sector was the main producer of agricultural export crops, but by 1965 it was contributing only one-quarter of all foreign exchange earnings. The estate sector was hard hit by the Second World War and the revolution which followed. Since the nationalization of the estate industries, which began in 1957, export earnings from the estate sector have declined still furth er-a result of the loss of technical and managerial personnel as well as of investment capital. Meanwhile the smallholder's share of agricultural exports (mainly rubber) has been steadily rising and has reached well over 60 percent. Java and Madura support more than two-thirds of Indonesia's population on less than one-tenth of its land, and grow mainly subsistence food crops such as rice, corn, and cassava. Farming plots on Java and Madura are very small, and it is estimated that 60 percent of the small farmers are share croppers. Implementation of legislation for land reform has met with many obstacles. The intensive cultivation of Java and Madura (mainly wet-rice) contrasts sharply with that of the Outer Islands, where the soil is not as rich and shifting-field agriculture occupies much of the arable land. Although some estates are on Java, most of the great plantation industries are located on Sumatra. Rice growing occupies more than one-third of Indonesia's total area in crops. In 1965, rice production, estimated at 14 million metric tons, was up almost 7 percent over the previous year, and the outlook for 1966 was even higher. However, the Government has recently had severe difficulties in procuring sufficient rice for the vast rice distribution program to which it is committed, particularly for military and civil service personnel living in the cities. As a result of this as well as the rapidly increasing population (at least percent annually), rice imports rose by about 52 percent between the periods 1955-59 and 1960-64, and by 1964 were exceeding 1 million tons annually. Although rice imports fell sharply in 1965 as a result of President Sukarno's rejection of trade and aid from the West, they were expected to recover somewhat in 1966. Thailand and Burma usually have led as sources of rice, and during the past 10 years, the United States, as a result of p.l. 480 shipments-espe cially of rice but also dried skim milk, wheat flour, and tobacco-has also become a leading supplier. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Indonesia
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Author : Edimon Ginting
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2018-02-01
Indonesia written by Edimon Ginting and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The book focuses on Indonesia's most pressing labor market challenges and associated policy options to achieve higher and more inclusive economic growth. The challenges consist of creating jobs for and the skills in a youthful and increasingly better educated workforce, and raising the productivity of less-educated workers to meet the demands of the digital age. The book deals with a range of interrelated topics---the changing supply and demand for labor in relation to the shift of workers out of agriculture; urbanization and the growth of megacities; raising the quality of schooling for new jobs in the digital economy; and labor market policies to improve both labor standards and productivity.
Agricultural Household Models
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Author : Inderjit Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Agricultural Household Models written by Inderjit Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Agricultural industries categories.
This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
Realising Redd
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Author : Arild Angelsen
language : en
Publisher: CIFOR
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Realising Redd written by Arild Angelsen and has been published by CIFOR this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Climatic changes categories.
REDD+ must be transformational. REDD+ requires broad institutional and governance reforms, such as tenure, decentralisation, and corruption control. These reforms will enable departures from business as usual, and involve communities and forest users in making and implementing policies that a ect them. Policies must go beyond forestry. REDD+ strategies must include policies outside the forestry sector narrowly de ned, such as agriculture and energy, and better coordinate across sectors to deal with non-forest drivers of deforestation and degradation. Performance-based payments are key, yet limited. Payments based on performance directly incentivise and compensate forest owners and users. But schemes such as payments for environmental services (PES) depend on conditions, such as secure tenure, solid carbon data and transparent governance, that are often lacking and take time to change. This constraint reinforces the need for broad institutional and policy reforms. We must learn from the past. Many approaches to REDD+ now being considered are similar to previous e orts to conserve and better manage forests, often with limited success. Taking on board lessons learned from past experience will improve the prospects of REDD+ e ectiveness. National circumstances and uncertainty must be factored in. Di erent country contexts will create a variety of REDD+ models with di erent institutional and policy mixes. Uncertainties about the shape of the future global REDD+ system, national readiness and political consensus require exibility and a phased approach to REDD+ implementation.
Policies To Support The Development Of Indonesia S Manufacturing Sector During 2020 2024
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2019-01-01
Policies To Support The Development Of Indonesia S Manufacturing Sector During 2020 2024 written by and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Indonesia's gross domestic product growth rate declined significantly after the Asian financial crisis (AFC) of 1997–1998. The country's potential and balance-of-payments growth rates are only about 5.5% and 3%, respectively. One important reason is that the country's industrialization pace declined after the AFC. Today, Indonesia is still exporting many unprocessed natural resources and simple manufactures (not complex products) with a low income elasticity of demand. This report analyzes how Indonesia's manufacturing sector could diversify and upgrade during 2020–2024 and beyond. This is essential if Indonesia is to attain upper middle-income status as soon as possible. Policy makers and the private sector need to collaborate to identify the coordination failures that hamper the discovery of those products that Indonesia could successfully produce and export. These must be complex products with a high income elasticity of demand. The report proposes a number of policies to expedite this process.
Agricultural Technologies And Tropical Deforestation
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Author : Arild Angelsen
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2001-04-20
Agricultural Technologies And Tropical Deforestation written by Arild Angelsen and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-20 with Nature categories.
This book has been developed from a workshop on Technological change in agriculture and tropical deforestation organised by the Center for International Forestry Research and held in Costa Rica in March, 1999. It explores how intensification of agriculture affects tropical deforestation using case studies from different geographical regions, using different agricultural products and technologies and in differing demographic situations and market conditions. Guidance is also given on future agricultural research and extension efforts.
The Rice Economy Of Asia
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Author : Randolph Barker
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 1985
The Rice Economy Of Asia written by Randolph Barker and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Business & Economics categories.
The purpose of this book is to present a comprehensive picture of the role of rice in the food and agricultural sectors of Asian nations.
Rice Policy In Indonesia
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Author : Scott R. Pearson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Rice Policy In Indonesia written by Scott R. Pearson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines the components of Indonesia's rice policy to help policymakers, analysts, and observers sort out the pros and cons of alternative courses of action. Containing the results of the Food Research Institute's third multiyear research project on Indonesian food policy, the book combines new field-based empirical evidence on rice farming profitability and rural employment and wages with long experience in analyzing Indonesian food policy issues and the international market for rice.