Mesoam Rica Tolteca

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Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl

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Author : Henry B. Nicholson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl written by Henry B. Nicholson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.

In Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl, H.B. Nicholson presents the most comprehensive survey and discussion of the primary sources and relevant archaeological evidence concerning this man/god, the most enigmatic figure of ancient Mesoamerica. Long available only on university microfilm, this classic text has been updated and now includes new illustrations and an index. Nicholson sorts through the wealth of material, classifying, summarizing, and analyzing all known primary accounts in the Spanish, Nahuatl, and Mayan languages of the career of Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl. In a new Introduction, he updates the original source material presently available to scholars concerned with this figure.

The Olmec And Toltec

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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-11

The Olmec And Toltec written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11 with categories.

*Includes pictures *Describes the history, culture, and architecture of the two groups *Includes a bibliography for further reading The Olmec people are widely recognized as the first major civilization of Mexico and are thus generally regarded as the mother civilization of Mesoamerica, making them the people from which all subsequent Mesoamerican cultures derived. In fact, the term Olmec is thought to have originated with the Aztec people, as Olmec in their Nahuatl language means "the rubber people," a reference to the inhabitants of the land from which they accessed rubber. By and large, the Olmec culture is perhaps best identifiable by their so-called colossal heads, mammoth basalt head-statues wearing helmet-like headdresses found throughout Olmec habitation sites. Around 2500 B.C., the Olmec settled primarily along Mexico's Gulf Coast in the tropical lowlands of south-central Mexico (in the modern-day States of Veracruz and Tabasco), and they flourished during North America's Prehistoric Indian Formative period from about 1700-400 B.C. Their direct cultural contributions were still evident as late as 300 A.D. Among Mesoamerican scholars, the Formative period is subdivided into the Preclassic (Olmec period), Classic (Maya period), and Postclassic (Toltec and Aztec periods). The Olmec's agricultural abilities sustained them and ensured their power and influence for over a millennium. They produced corn/maize, squash, and other plant foods in such quantities that they were afforded the manpower to build great monuments and ceremonial centers to further promote their cultural identity. From a cultural standpoint, their pyramids, open plazas, their ballgame, and possibly even centers of human sacrifice are thought to have established the societal model that subsequent societies like the Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacano, Toltec, Mixtec, and Aztec would emulate. In the same vein, some scholars believe that they also affected the cultural development of the Native American groups of the United States and those of Central and South America as well. Proving to be one the most enduring models ever, the religious and cultural structure the Olmec established held reign for over 3,000 years, and it would likely have endured much longer without the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors. The Toltec are one of the most famous Mesoamerican groups in South America, but they are also the most controversial and mysterious. The Toltec have been identified as the group that established a strong state centered in Tula (in present-day Mexico), and the Aztec claimed the Toltec as their cultural predecessors, so much so that the word Toltec comes from the Aztec's word Toltecatl, translated as artisan. The Aztec also kept track of the Toltec's history, including keeping a list of important rulers and events, that suggest the peak of the Toltec occurred from about 900-1100 A.D. While scholars continue to debate whether the Toltec were an actual historical group, there is an added layer of mystery to the fact that the settlement at Tula has a lot in common with the famous Mayan settlement at Chichén Itzá. The architecture and art at both sites are so similar that archaeologists and anthropologists have assumed they had the same cultural influences, even as historians struggle to determine the historical timelines, and thus whether Tula influenced Chichén Itzá or vice versa. The Olmec and Toltec: The History of Early Mesoamerica's Most Influential Cultures comprehensively covers the history, culture, and lingering mysteries behind the Olmec and Toltec. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about the two groups like you never have before.

The Art Of Mesoamerica From Olmec To Aztec

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Author : Mary Ellen Miller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990

The Art Of Mesoamerica From Olmec To Aztec written by Mary Ellen Miller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.

The Lost History Of Aztec And Maya

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Author : Charles Phillips
language : en
Publisher: Hermes House
Release Date : 2004

The Lost History Of Aztec And Maya written by Charles Phillips and has been published by Hermes House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Aztec mythology categories.

A highly readable, authoritative history of Mesoamerica and its many peoples, from the Olmecs and Maya to the Toltecs and Aztecs ... Discvoer Mesoamerican myths and legends from creation tales to stories of the gods and goddesses, and the mythology of fertility, harves and the afterlife"--P. [4] of cover.

The Gospel Of The Toltecs

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Author : Frank Díaz
language : en
Publisher: Inner Traditions / Bear & Co
Release Date : 2002-06

The Gospel Of The Toltecs written by Frank Díaz and has been published by Inner Traditions / Bear & Co this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-06 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.

The author has gathered Nahua and Maya codexes, Spanish chronicles of conquest, and native oral tradition to recount the life of Quetzalcoatl: his temptation and fall; his initiation with sacred mushrooms; his long journey in search of spiritual enlightenment; his triumphant return to the Toltec land; and his subsequent teaching, self-immolation, ascension, and promise of return.

Ancient Origins Of Mesoamerica

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Author : Norah Romney
language : en
Publisher: DTTV PUBLICATIONS
Release Date :

Ancient Origins Of Mesoamerica written by Norah Romney and has been published by DTTV PUBLICATIONS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.

The Central Andes, Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Peru, and Bolivia all have deep roots in their pre-Columbian civilizations. The first chapters of Latin America's history correspond to those who inhabited it before encountering Europeans. This is especially true in Mesoamerica. The objectives are to show the development of the peoples and high civilizations of Mesoamerica before the arrival of the Mexica (Aztecs) in the Valley of Mexico (1325); second, to examine the key features of the political and socioeconomic organization, as well as the artistic and intellectual achievements achieved during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries under Mexica (Aztec) rule. Finally, present a vision of Mesoamerican life on the eve of the European invasion (1519), between North and South America's solid continental masses; the area of Mesoamerica (that is, the region where it developed with great cultural difficulties, which reached an area of about 900,000 km2 when the Spaniards arrived), with its varied isthmic characteristics and geographical features, such as Tehuantepec and Fonseca Gulfs, the Yucatan Peninsula, and the Gulf of Honduras Gulf. German specialists, such as Eduard Seler, introduced Mittel Amerika over 70 years ago to denote the region where high indigenous cultures flourished in central and southern Mexico. Norah Romney focused attention on what he called Mesoamerica many years later. The concept of Mesoamerica goes beyond geography. High indigenous culture and civilization have also developed and unfolded in various forms and periods. When the Spanish invaded in 1519, its northern borders were the Sinaloa River to the northwest and the Panuco to the northeast; it extended beyond the Lerma River basin in the north-central part. Its southern limits were the Motagua River that empties into the Gulf of Honduras in the Caribbean, the south shore of Lake Nicaragua, and the Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica, and these locations developed highly advanced cultures, showing a greater degree of geographical and ecological diversity than any other region of comparable extension in the entire planet. There is a complex geological history in the region. Recent volcanic activity and mountain formation have played a vital role in the shape of various natural regions. The mountains have two volcanic axes, one that runs east-west along the southern limits of the Valley of Mexico and the other that runs northwest-southeast through Mexico and Central America.

Mesoamerican History Mythology Aztec Inca Maya Toltec Zapotec Central American Myths Legends Mysteries History Uncovered

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Author : History Brought Alive
language : en
Publisher: History Brought Alive
Release Date : 101-01-01

Mesoamerican History Mythology Aztec Inca Maya Toltec Zapotec Central American Myths Legends Mysteries History Uncovered written by History Brought Alive and has been published by History Brought Alive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 101-01-01 with Art categories.

The history of Mesoamerica is rich, complex, and filled with mystery But for too long it has been misrepresented, misunderstood, and overlooked. Embark on a Journey of Discovery through Mesoamerican History, Culture, Mythology, and Beyond But be warned, this book is not for the faint of heart. Inside you'll gain insight into rituals, sacrifices, and societal structures that may challenge your preconceived notions…Nevertheless, if you can handle it, reading it will be an eye-opening experience that leaves you with a deeper understanding and appreciation of the rich heritage of Mesoamerica. We'll educate you about the Olmec civilization, the Zapotecs, the Mayans, the Aztecs, the Incas, and more. You'll discover their communication with the spirit world, their religion, architecture, agriculture, medicine, society and history. All of this and much more including: Timeline of Mesoamerican History, Major Periods & Civilizations The Spanish Conquest - Hernán Cortés & the Fall of the Aztecs The 2012 Apocalypse Myth + Mayan Astronomy Uncovered Myths, Creation Stories & Tales including The Popol Vuh, The Creation of the World and many more Tracing the Cultural and Religious Importance of Chocolate from Ancient Mesoamerican Civilizations to Modern Times Exploring the Impact of Indigenous Peoples on Architecture, Agriculture, and Medicine. The Marvels of Machu Picchu & How the Incan Empire Came to Be Unveiling the Aztecs' Expertise in Warfare: Insights into the Life of Aztec Soldiers and their Preparations for Battle. How the Zapatista Movement in Mexico is Empowering Indigenous Voices and Transforming Education in the Modern World. And much, much more… Whether you're a history enthusiast or a curious reader...inside you will discover all you need to know about the true story of Mesoamerican History & Mythology. So if you want to find out more then this is The Book for You.

Palaces And Courtly Culture In Ancient Mesoamerica

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Author : Julie Nehammer Knub
language : en
Publisher: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2014-01-19

Palaces And Courtly Culture In Ancient Mesoamerica written by Julie Nehammer Knub and has been published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-19 with Social Science categories.

This volume collects eight recent and innovative studies spanning the breadth of Mesoamerica, from the Early Classic metropolis of Teotihuacan, to Tenochtitlan, the Late Postclassic capital of the Aztec, and from the arid central Mexican highlands in the west to the humid Maya lowlands in the east.

The American Southwest And Mesoamerica

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Author : Jonathon E. Ericson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

The American Southwest And Mesoamerica written by Jonathon E. Ericson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Social Science categories.

Regional approaches to the study of prehistoric exchange have generated much new knowledge about intergroup and regional interaction. The American South west and Mesoamerica: Systems of Prehistoric Exchange is the first of two volumes that seek to provide current information regarding regional exchange on a conti nental basis. From a theoretical perspective, these volumes provide important data for the comparative analysis of regional systems relative to sociopolitical organization from simple hunter-gatherers to those of complex sociopolitical entities like the state. Although individual regional exchange systems are unique for each region and time period, general patterns emerge relative to sOciopolitical organization. Of significant interest to us are the dynamic processes of change, stability, rate of growth, and collapse of regional exchange systems relative to sociopolitical complexity. These volumes provide basic data to further our under standing of prehistoric exchange systems. The volume presents our current state of knowledge about regional exchange systems in the American Southwest and Mesoamerica. Each chapter synthesizes the research findings of a number of other researchers in order to provide a synchronic view of regional interaction for a specific chronological period. A diachronic view is also prOvided for regional interaction in the context of the developments in regional SOciopolitical organization. Most authors go beyond description by proposing alternative models within which to understand regional interaction. The book is organized by geographical and chronological divisions to pro vide units of the broader mosaic of prehistoric exchange systems.

Mesoamerica

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Author : Narayan Changder
language : en
Publisher: CHANGDER OUTLINE
Release Date : 2024-01-06

Mesoamerica written by Narayan Changder and has been published by CHANGDER OUTLINE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-06 with History categories.

Embark on a captivating expedition through the heart of Mesoamerica with our MCQ guide - "Mesoamerica Unveiled: MCQ Expedition through Ancient Civilizations." Tailored for history enthusiasts, students, and seekers of ancient wisdom, this comprehensive resource offers a curated collection of multiple-choice questions that unveil the mysteries and marvels of Mesoamerican civilizations. Explore the monumental pyramids, intricate artwork, and cultural richness that defined the Olmec, Maya, Aztec, and other ancient societies. Delve into the societal structures, religious practices, and the enduring legacy of Mesoamerican civilizations. Perfect your understanding of this archaeological tapestry and prepare confidently for exams. Elevate your historical acumen and immerse yourself in the wonders of Mesoamerican history with "Mesoamerica Unveiled: MCQ Expedition through Ancient Civilizations." Uncover the secrets of Mesoamerica with precision and depth.