Science And Decisions
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Science And Decision Making
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Author : William Hall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Science And Decision Making written by William Hall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with categories.
Science And Decisions
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-03-24
Science And Decisions written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-24 with Political Science categories.
Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.
Understandings Of The Nature Of Science And Decision Making On Science And Technology Based Issues
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Author : Randy Lee Bell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Understandings Of The Nature Of Science And Decision Making On Science And Technology Based Issues written by Randy Lee Bell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Science categories.
Current reforms emphasize the development of scientific literacy as the principal goal of science education. The nature of science is considered a critical component of scientific literacy and is assumed to be an important factor in decision making on science and technology based issues. However, little research exists that delineates the role of the nature of science in decision making. The purpose of this investigation was to explicate the role of the nature of science in decision making on science and technology based issues and to delineate the reasoning and factors associated with these types of decisions. The 15-item, open-ended "Decision Making Questionnaire" (DMQ) based on four different scenarios concerning science and technology issues was developed to assess decision making. Twenty-one volunteer participants purposively selected from the faculty of geographically diverse universities completed the questionnaire and follow-up interviews. Participants were subsequently grouped according to their understandings of the nature of science, based on responses to a second open-ended questionnaire and follow-up interview. Profiles of each group's decision making were constructed, based on their previous responses to the DMQ and follow-up interviews. Finally, the two groups' decisions, decision making factors, and decision making strategies were compared. No differences were found between the decisions of the two groups, despite their disparate views of the nature of science. While their reasoning did not follow formal lines of argumentation, several influencing factors and general reasoning patterns were identified. Participants in both groups based their decisions primarily on personal values, morals/ethics, and social concerns. While all participants said they considered scientific evidence in their decision making, most did not require absolute "proof," even though Group B participants held more absolute conceptions of the nature of science. Overall, the nature of science did not figure prominently in either group's decisions. These findings contrast with the assumptions of the science education community and current reform efforts and call for a reexamination of the goals of nature of science instruction. Developing better decision making skills even on science and technology based issues -- may involve other factors, including more values-based instruction and attention to intellectual/moral development.
Science And Decision Making
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Science And Decision Making written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with categories.
Systems And Decision Making
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Author : Hans G. Daellenbach
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994-10-11
Systems And Decision Making written by Hans G. Daellenbach and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-10-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Systems and Decision Making A Management Science Approach Hans G Daellenbach University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Traditional methods of problem solving, based on the cause-and-effect model, can no longer cope with the complex situations in which decisions have to be made today. These problem situations occur within a systems context. Most of these systems are created and controlled by humans and it is, therefore, important that decision making is guided by a systematic and comprehensive methodology that helps the decision maker to make effective use of his/her extensive but limited powers of reasoning. Systems and Decision Making combines contemporary systems work with Operations Research (OR). Daellenbach places an emphasis on developing a methodology for decision situations that lend themselves to quantitative approaches rather than give an elementary survey of many OR/MS techniques. It incorporates some of the learnings of soft systems methodology for more practical problem solving, particularly at the problem identification and formulation stages. The text also shows that the scientific component of modelling can be considerably enhanced by the use of various diagrammatic devices. The second part of the book studies a number of topics important for the analyst, such as how to deal with the time element, with constraints, with uncertainty, and with multiple goals. These are demonstrated by various OR/MS techniques. Systems and Decision Making is an excellent core text for undergraduate and graduate students of systems, management science and MBA courses.
Breakthroughs In Decision Science And Risk Analysis
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Author : Louis Anthony Cox, Jr.
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-03-30
Breakthroughs In Decision Science And Risk Analysis written by Louis Anthony Cox, Jr. and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Discover recent powerful advances in the theory, methods, and applications of decision and risk analysis Focusing on modern advances and innovations in the field of decision analysis (DA), Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis presents theories and methods for making, improving, and learning from significant practical decisions. The book explains these new methods and important applications in an accessible and stimulating style for readers from multiple backgrounds, including psychology, economics, statistics, engineering, risk analysis, operations research, and management science. Highlighting topics not conventionally found in DA textbooks, the book illustrates genuine advances in practical decision science, including developments and trends that depart from, or break with, the standard axiomatic DA paradigm in fundamental and useful ways. The book features methods for coping with realistic decision-making challenges such as online adaptive learning algorithms, innovations in robust decision-making, and the use of a variety of models to explain available data and recommend actions. In addition, the book illustrates how these techniques can be applied to dramatically improve risk management decisions. Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis also includes: An emphasis on new approaches rather than only classical and traditional ideas Discussions of how decision and risk analysis can be applied to improve high-stakes policy and management decisions Coverage of the potential value and realism of decision science within applications in financial, health, safety, environmental, business, engineering, and security risk management Innovative methods for deciding what actions to take when decision problems are not completely known or described or when useful probabilities cannot be specified Recent breakthroughs in the psychology and brain science of risky decisions, mathematical foundations and techniques, and integration with learning and pattern recognition methods from computational intelligence Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis is an ideal reference for researchers, consultants, and practitioners in the fields of decision science, operations research, business, management science, engineering, statistics, and mathematics. The book is also an appropriate guide for managers, analysts, and decision and policy makers in the areas of finance, health and safety, environment, business, engineering, and security risk management.
Management Science And Decision Technology
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Author : Jeffrey D. Camm
language : en
Publisher: South Western Educational Publishing
Release Date : 2000
Management Science And Decision Technology written by Jeffrey D. Camm and has been published by South Western Educational Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.
The focus of this book is on using data and spreadsheet models effectively for the analysis of business problems and decision making. Included are discussions of building good spreadsheet models; data collection, visualization, and statistical analysis; forecasting; optimization using Excel Solver; decision and risk analysis; and simulation using Crystal Ball add-in for Excel and Arena BE. The principal focus is on gaining insight and intuition for better decisions, with applications in operations planning, finance, and marketing.
Science Politics And Morality
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Author : R. von Schomberg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Science Politics And Morality written by R. von Schomberg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
Current environmental problems and technological risks are a challenge for a new institutional arrangement of the value spheres of Science, Politics and Morality. Distinguished authors from different European countries and America provide a cross-disciplinary perspective on the problems of political decision making under the conditions of scientific uncertainty. cases from biotechnology and the environmental sciences are discussed. The papers collected for this volume address the following themes: (i) controversies about risks and political decision making; (ii) concepts of science for policy; (iii) the use of social science in the policy making process; (iv) ethical problems with developments in science and technology; (v) public and state interests in the development and control of technology.
Data Science For Business And Decision Making
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Author : Luiz Favero
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-04-22
Data Science For Business And Decision Making written by Luiz Favero and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Data Science for Business and Decision Making covers both statistics and operations research while most competing textbooks focus on one or the other. As a result, the book more clearly defines the principles of business analytics for those who want to apply quantitative methods in their work. Its emphasis reflects the importance of regression, optimization and simulation for practitioners of business analytics. Each chapter uses a didactic format that is followed by exercises and answers. Freely-accessible datasets enable students and professionals to work with Excel, Stata Statistical Software®, and IBM SPSS Statistics Software®.
Science And Decision Making
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Author : William Hall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Science And Decision Making written by William Hall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Decision making categories.