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Author : Ph.D. Attila Lengyel
Genre : Science
Summary : This research explores how the concept of the word has been understood throughout the history of philosophy, from Plato to Gadamer, in order to clarify how human beings gain access to the linguistic world and, through it, to knowledge and truth. The study shows that the shifting meanings of the word reveal a deep unity between language, world, object, and understanding. Working within the horizon of philosophical hermeneutics, the research highlights how language continually reshapes our conceptual horizon. This dynamic process demonstrates that knowledge is not a closed mental construct but an ongoing openness to reality. Meaning is not simply found in the world; rather, the world becomes intelligible through language. We inhabit the world through meanings, and these meanings are linguistically constituted. Building on Gadamer’s view of the linguistic structure of experience, the study examines the cognitive potential of philosophical‑metaphorical language. It distinguishes between poetic and philosophical metaphors, showing that philosophical metaphor has played a crucial role in forming conceptual descriptions of reality and enabling the emergence of scientific knowledge. This mode of thinking continues to influence contemporary sciences, even when unacknowledged. The research ultimately argues that philosophical‑metaphorical thinking generates new insights, conceptual innovations, and fresh images of reality, contributing to scientific and cultural development. It calls for renewed philosophical reflection capable of challenging the self‑assurance of modern scientific discourse, just as philosophy once challenged mythological and theological worldviews.
