Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of U S Poverty
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Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of U S Poverty
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Author : Robert Haveman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of U S Poverty written by Robert Haveman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The trend in national policy over the past two decades has emphasized self reliance and a smaller role for government in society. Given this ideological shift, the Official poverty measure, which is based on the premise that all families should have sufficient income from either their own efforts or government support to boost them above a family-size-specific threshold, appears to have less policy relevance now than in prior years. In this paper we present a new concept of poverty, Self-Reliance poverty, which is based on the ability of a family, using its own resources, to support a level of consumption in excess of needs. This concept closely parallels the "capability poverty" measure that has been proposed by Sen. We use this measure to examine the size and composition of the Self-Reliant poor population from 1975 to 1995. We find that Self-Reliance poverty has increased more rapidly over the 1975-95 period than has Official poverty. We find that families commonly thought to be the most impoverished ?those headed by minorities, single women with children, and individuals with low levels of education? have the highest levels of Self-Reliance poverty. However, these groups have also experienced the largest increases in this poverty measure. Families largely thought to be economically secure, specifically those headed by whites, men, married couples, and highly educated individuals, while having the lowest levels of self-Reliance poverty, have also experienced the largest increases in that measure. We speculate that the trends in Self-Reliance poverty stem largely from underlying trends in the United States economy, in particular the relative decline of wage rate for whites and men, and the rapidly expanding college-educated demographic group.
The Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of Poverty
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Author : Robert H. Haverman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of Poverty written by Robert H. Haverman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Poor categories.
The Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of Poverty
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Author : Robert H. Haverman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Inability To Be Self Reliant As An Indicator Of Poverty written by Robert H. Haverman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Poverty categories.
Self Reliance And Poverty
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Author : Robert Haveman
language : en
Publisher: Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
Release Date : 1998
Self Reliance And Poverty written by Robert Haveman and has been published by Levy Economics Institute of Bard College this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Poverty categories.
Fighting Poverty
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Author : Stein Ringen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-08-17
Fighting Poverty written by Stein Ringen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-17 with Social Science categories.
First published in 1999, this volume is the fifth in a series on international studies of issues in social security. The series is initiated by the Foundation for International Studies on Social Security (FISS). One of its aims is to confront different academic approaches with each other, and with public policy perspectives. Another is to give analytic reports of cross-nationally different approaches to the design and reform of welfare state programs.
Understanding Poverty
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Author : Sheldon DANZIGER
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-30
Understanding Poverty written by Sheldon DANZIGER and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with Social Science categories.
In spite of an unprecedented period of growth and prosperity, the poverty rate in the United States remains high relative to the levels of the early 1970s and relative to those in many industrialized countries today. Understanding Poverty brings the problem of poverty in America to the fore, focusing on its nature and extent at the dawn of the twenty-first century.
Changing Poverty Changing Policies
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Author : Maria Cancian
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2009-08-27
Changing Poverty Changing Policies written by Maria Cancian and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Poverty declined significantly in the decade after Lyndon Johnson's 1964 declaration of "War on Poverty." Dramatically increased federal funding for education and training programs, social security benefits, other income support programs, and a growing economy reduced poverty and raised expectations that income poverty could be eliminated within a generation. Yet the official poverty rate has never fallen below its 1973 level and remains higher than the rates in many other advanced economies. In this book, editors Maria Cancian and Sheldon Danziger and leading poverty researchers assess why the War on Poverty was not won and analyze the most promising strategies to reduce poverty in the twenty-first century economy. Changing Poverty, Changing Policies documents how economic, social, demographic, and public policy changes since the early 1970s have altered who is poor and where antipoverty initiatives have kept pace or fallen behind. Part I shows that little progress has been made in reducing poverty, except among the elderly, in the last three decades. The chapters examine how changing labor market opportunities for less-educated workers have increased their risk of poverty (Rebecca Blank), and how family structure changes (Maria Cancian and Deborah Reed) and immigration have affected poverty (Steven Raphael and Eugene Smolensky). Part II assesses the ways childhood poverty influences adult outcomes. Markus Jäntti finds that poor American children are more likely to be poor adults than are children in many other industrialized countries. Part III focuses on current antipoverty policies and possible alternatives. Jane Waldfogel demonstrates that policies in other countries—such as sick leave, subsidized child care, and schedule flexibility—help low-wage parents better balance work and family responsibilities. Part IV considers how rethinking and redefining poverty might take antipoverty policies in new directions. Mary Jo Bane assesses the politics of poverty since the 1996 welfare reform act. Robert Haveman argues that income-based poverty measures should be expanded, as they have been in Europe, to include social exclusion and multiple dimensions of material hardships. Changing Poverty, Changing Policies shows that thoughtful policy reforms can reduce poverty and promote opportunities for poor workers and their families. The authors' focus on pragmatic measures that have real possibilities of being implemented in the United States not only provides vital knowledge about what works but real hope for change.
Creating An Opportunity Society
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Author : Ron Haskins
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2009-10-01
Creating An Opportunity Society written by Ron Haskins and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Americans believe economic opportunity is as fundamental a right as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. More concerned about a level playing field for all, they worry less about the growing income and wealth disparity in our country. Creating an Opportunity Society examines economic opportunity in the United States and explores how to create more of it, particularly for those on the bottom rungs of the economic ladder. Ron Haskins and Isabel Sawhill propose a concrete agenda for increasing opportunity that is cost effective, consistent with American values, and focuses on improving the lives of the young and the disadvantaged. They emphasize individual responsibility as an indispensable basis for successful policies and programs. The authors recommend a three-pronged approach to create more opportunity in America: • Increase education for children and youth at the preschool, K–12, and postsecondary levels • Encourage and support work among adults • Reduce the number of out-of-wedlock births while increasing the share of children reared by their married parents With concern for the federal deficit in mind, Haskins and Sawhill argue for reallocating existing resources, especially from the affluent elderly to disadvantaged children and their families. The authors are optimistic that a judicious use of the nation's resources can level the playing field and produce more opportunity for all. Creating an Opportunity Society offers the most complete summary available of the facts and the factors that contribute to economic opportunity. It looks at the poor, the middle class, and the rich, providing deep background data on how each group has fared in recent decades. Unfortunately, only the rich have made substantial progress, making this book a timely guide forward for anyone interested in what we can do as a society to improve the prospects for our less-advantaged families and fellow citizens.
A Roadmap To Reducing Child Poverty
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-09-16
A Roadmap To Reducing Child Poverty written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-16 with Social Science categories.
The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
Inclusion In The American Dream
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Author : Michael Wayne Sherraden
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005
Inclusion In The American Dream written by Michael Wayne Sherraden and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
The typical American household accumulates its assets in home equity and retirement accounts, both of which are subsidized through the tax system. But the poor, for the most part, do not participate in these asset accumulation policies. This book brings together scholars and experts on the topic of asset building, as this relates to public policy.