Pathogenic Naegleria Species
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Pathogenic Naegleria
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Author : Flora Mae Wellings
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Pathogenic Naegleria written by Flora Mae Wellings and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Amoeba categories.
A Comparative Study Of A Pathogenic Versus A Nonpathogenic Naegleria Species
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Author : Melissa Jamerson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
A Comparative Study Of A Pathogenic Versus A Nonpathogenic Naegleria Species written by Melissa Jamerson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Naegleria fowleri (N. fowleri) and Naegleria lovaniensis (N. lovaniensis) are closely related amebae found in the environment. N. fowleri causes Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a fatal disease of the central nervous system, while N. lovaniensis is nonpathogenic. N. fowleri infection occurs when amebae enter the nasal passages, and migrate to the brain. The molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of PAM are not well-defined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to define phenotypic characteristics that may be functionally linked to the pathogenicity associated with N. fowleri. Studies revealed that N. fowleri has a faster growth rate and is more resistant to complement-mediated lysis when compared to N. lovaniensis. Additionally, contact-independent cytotoxicity was observed only for N. fowleri. The ability to invade tissues can be a characteristic that distinguishes pathogens from nonpathogens. Therefore, adhesion to extracellular matrix components (ECM), laminin-1, fibronectin, and collagen I, was assessed. N. fowleri exhibited a higher level of adhesion to ECM components and was shown to invade tri-dimensional ECM scaffolds (matrigel and collagen I) to a greater extent than N. lovaniensis. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that N. fowleri attached on ECM substrata exhibited a spread-out appearance that included the presence of focal adhesion-like structures. Attachment of N. fowleri to ECM components was decreased significantly when amebae were pretreated with trypsin, suggesting a role for a surface protein in this process. Pretreatment of N. fowleri amebae with periodate, a sugar oxidant, led to a decrease in attachment to laminin-1 and fibronectin suggesting that the surface component contained a sugar moiety. Western immunoblotting revealed two integrin-like proteins for both species. However, one with a molecular mass of approximately 70 kDa, was detected at a higher level for N. fowleri. Confocal microscopy indicated that the integrin-like proteins co-localized to the focal adhesion-like structures. An anti-integrin antibody decreased adhesion of N. fowleri to ECM components. Zymographic analysis demonstrated differential expression of proteases occurs when N. fowleri and N. lovaniensis invade ECM components using an in vitro invasion assay. These results indicate a distinction in adhesion to, and invasion of, extracellular matrix proteins between N. fowleri and N. lovaniensis.
Illumination Of The Golgi Apparatus Of Pathogenic And Nonpathogenic Naegleria Species
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Author : Tyler M. Poe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Illumination Of The Golgi Apparatus Of Pathogenic And Nonpathogenic Naegleria Species written by Tyler M. Poe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
In this study, Naegleria fowleri, a pathogenic amoeba and the causative agent of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), was utilized to determine the presence or absence of classically conserved Golgi molecules featured in the expression of a Golgi apparatus. Previous studies concluded no Golgi expression via light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, but a recent report on Naegleria gruberi indicated the presence of dispersed Golgi tubules. Non-pathogenic species of the Naegleria genus such as Naegleria gruberi 30540 and Naegleria lovaniensis 30569 were utilized in Western immunoblot analysis compared to reduced whole-cell lysate proteins of two strains of N. fowleri and Vero CCL-81, Chlorocebus sp. kidney epithelial cells, which were utilized as a positive control for Golgi expression. N. fowleri and N. lovaniensis whole-cell lysates had indications of a 110 kDa reduced protein, associated with the predicted molecular weights of the beta-COPI subunit of the COPI cis-Golgi vesicular transport complex with further Western immunoblot indication of a weak band around 25 kDa corresponding to rabbit polyclonal antibodies specific for ARF1. Serial Dilutions of Wheat Germ Agglutinin Alexa Fluor 488TM were performed on Vero cells, Naegleria fowleri 30894, and N. gruberi 30540 with 1:100 dilution of recommended stock dilution of WGA 488 determined for utilization in sequential immunofluorescence. Sequential immunofluorescence with Wheat Germ Agglutinin Alexa Fluor 488TM and then blocked with 3% BSA:PBS [wt/vol] dilution with subsequent incubation in rabbit anti-beta-COPI primary 1:250, and 1:1000 of Alexa Fluor 594 goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody exposure showed strong indications of organized cis- and trans-punctate Golgi body markers in close association in individual and dividing cells of Naegleria fowleri and conserved Golgi expression in the positive control Vero cells, but further experiments are necessary to verify this finding with N. fowleri.
Microbiology Of Waterborne Diseases
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-11-08
Microbiology Of Waterborne Diseases written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-08 with Science categories.
The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters
Identification Characterization And Purification Of A Secreted Cysteine Protease From Naegleria Species And Its Role In The Pathogenesis Of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
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Author : Kenneth Aldape
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Identification Characterization And Purification Of A Secreted Cysteine Protease From Naegleria Species And Its Role In The Pathogenesis Of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis written by Kenneth Aldape and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Amebiasis categories.
Free Living Amebas
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Author : A. Julio Martinez
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-08-08
Free Living Amebas written by A. Julio Martinez and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-08 with Science categories.
This book places greater emphasis on the practical problems of epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, and pathological aspects of the two principle types of free-living amoebic infection: the acute disease produced by Naegleria fowleri and the chronic, subacute and opportunistic form, produced by acanthamoeba spp.
Free Living Amebas
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Author : Augusto Julio Martinez
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1985-08-07
Free Living Amebas written by Augusto Julio Martinez and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-08-07 with Medical categories.
This book places greater emphasis on the practical problems of epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, and pathological aspects of the two principle types of free-living amoebic infection: the acute disease produced by Naegleria fowleri and the chronic, subacute and opportunistic form, produced by acanthamoeba spp.
Emerging Transplant Infections
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Author : Michele I. Morris
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-06-22
Emerging Transplant Infections written by Michele I. Morris and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-22 with Medical categories.
The field of transplant medicine has evolved significantly since the first kidney transplant was performed in 1954. Innovations in transplant immunosuppression have lowered the risk of organ rejection so that infectious complications are now the leading cause of hospitalization and mortality after solid organ transplant. Infection is also cited as the leading cause of non-relapse mortality after stem cell transplantation. As transplant centers have recognized the importance of transplant specific expertise in patient outcomes, the field of transplant infectious diseases has expanded into a recognized and highly valued subspecialty. International growth in solid organ and stem cell transplantation has outpaced access to such expertise, with some centers employing microbiology laboratory directors and transplant nephrologists as their lead infectious diseases consultants. This has been a particular challenge as the use of novel immunosuppressive regimens in new geographic and immigrant populations have fueled the emergence of new infection syndromes, with the initial presentation sometimes occurring in this most vulnerable patient population. This digital-first book is designed to meet the needs of practitioners engaged in transplant infectious disease practice who need more depth than they are able to find in UpToDate. It provides an overview of emerging infectious disease challenges with clinically relevant information regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prevention of infections in solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients. Each chapter focuses on a clinical syndrome or pathogen with new or emerging implications for transplant patients. Given the rapidly evolving nature of emerging infections and topics in transplant infections, no resource has been published on these increasingly notorious issues; this this text is written by top, global experts who regularly update the material to ensure that readers will always have access to the most cutting edge material available. The editorial team consists of three experienced leaders in the field, all of whom have a strong record of scholarship and publication, as well as an international reputation. All three have focused their academic careers on emerging infectious diseases in transplantation, including a current and a past president of various infectious diseases and transplantation societies. The editors are also experienced reviewers and authors who have collaborated on multiple previous projects. All are committed to this project as a unique opportunity to make an important contribution to their field.
Pathogenic Naegleria
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Author : Flora Mae Wellings
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
Pathogenic Naegleria written by Flora Mae Wellings and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Amoeba categories.
Management Of Legionella In Water Systems
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2020-02-20
Management Of Legionella In Water Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-20 with Medical categories.
Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.