2020 2022
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The 2020 2022 Inflation Surge Across Europe A Phillips Curve Based Dissection
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Author : Chikako Baba
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2023-02-10
The 2020 2022 Inflation Surge Across Europe A Phillips Curve Based Dissection written by Chikako Baba and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-10 with Business & Economics categories.
In 2021-22, inflation in Europe soared to multidecade highs, consistently exceeding policymakers’ forecasts and surprising with its wide cross-country dispersion. This paper analyzes the key drivers of the inflation surge in Europe and its variation across countries. The analysis highlights significant differences in Phillips curve parameters across Europe’s economies. Inflation is more sensitive to domestic slack and external price pressures in emerging European economies compared to their advanced counterparts, which contributed to a greater passthrough of global commodity price shocks into domestic prices, and, consequently, to larger increases in inflation rates. Across Europe, inflation also appears to have become increasingly backward looking and more sensitive to commodity price shocks since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding helps explain why conventional (Phillips curve) inflation models consistently underpredicted the 2021-2022 inflation surge, although it remains too early to conclude there has been a structural break in the inflation process.
Health And Energy Platform Of Action Report 2020 2022 Building Connections For Better Health
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2024-01-29
Health And Energy Platform Of Action Report 2020 2022 Building Connections For Better Health written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-29 with Nature categories.
Energy is linked to many of the sustainable development priorities, including public health, gender equality, food security, clean water, education, economic growth, youth and women’s empowerment and climate action. The absence of clean and sustainable energy has a significant adverse impact on the health and livelihoods of the poorest populations. Around 2.3 billion people, mostly in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), still mainly rely on inefficient and polluting fuels and stoves for daily cooking, exposing them to health-damaging emissions that result in millions of premature deaths each year. Health and livelihood risks are greatest for women and children as they are often tasked with cooking and gathering fuel. The traditional use of biomass for cooking also puts the environment and climate at risk by contributing to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Around 1 billion people worldwide, mostly in poor and rural communities, are estimated to be served by health care facilities without any electricity or reliable power supply, and only one in two hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa has a reliable electricity supply. Without adequate and reliable power, essential medical devices cannot function, basic amenities remain out of reach and delivery of health care services is of substandard quality. Unless rapid action is taken, the world will not meet its targets under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement. In November 2018, during the first World Health Organization (WHO) Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, announced his vision to build a Health and Energy Platform of Action (HEPA) to enhance multisectoral collaboration between the health and energy sectors and mobilize the political and financial commitments needed to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 7. In response, WHO, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, in cooperation with the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and other key stakeholders, launched HEPA in May 2019, with an initial focus on improving health through promoting clean fuels and technologies for cooking and accelerating access to electricity for health care facilities. Following this announcement, in July 2020, HEPA members worked together to develop a strategic workplan with five overarching objectives to strengthen the cooperation between the health and energy sectors and elevate energy access as a key development priority area for public health, gender equity, climate and sustainable development more broadly (see Box 1). HEPA has gained significant momentum since its establishment in 2019. By October 2022 the platform had over 20 member organizations. All members are committed to working together and synergizing efforts on the ground to accelerate universal electrification of health care facilities and clean cooking. This HEPA action report summarizes the key activities and results achieved and highlights activities under each of HEPA’s five objectives.
The Global Action For Fall Armyworm Control Action Framework 2020 2022
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Author : FAO
language : en
Publisher: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Release Date : 2020-06-01
The Global Action For Fall Armyworm Control Action Framework 2020 2022 written by FAO and has been published by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fall armyworm (FAW), or Spodoptera frugiperda, is a plant pest originating in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. Over the last few years, FAW has rapidly spread around Africa, Asia and and, most recently, Oceania. Concerted action is essential to prevent this pest from threatening the food security and livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers. FAO’s new initiative, the Global Action for Fall Armyworm Control, aims to mobilize USD 500 million over three years, from 2020 to 2022, for radical, direct and coordinated measures to strengthen monitoring and pest control capacities at global level. FAO developed its Global Action to improve food security and the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers, and reduce environmental pollution through sustainable management and control of FAW. To achieve this, the Global Action will ensure a strong, coordinated approach at country, regional and global levels to massively scale up current worldwide efforts against FAW through multiple mechanisms, such as Farmer Field Schools, partnerships with research institutions and the private sector, South–South Cooperation, regional and national plant protection organizations, and specific national FAW task forces. The Global Action has three key objectives: 1. enhance global, regional, national and farmer-level coordination and collaboration on FAW control, leading to implementation of ecosystem-friendly Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices and policies; 2. reduce crop yield losses caused by FAW; and 3. reduce the risk of further spread of FAW to new areas.
Methodology For The Update Of The Global Health Expenditure Database 2020 2022
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2023-02-07
Methodology For The Update Of The Global Health Expenditure Database 2020 2022 written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-07 with Health & Fitness categories.
This technical note provides supplementary explanations for the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) data. The purpose of this document is to summarize the main methods and practices established and provide a technical description of the process implemented by the WHO Health Accounts team for the annual publication of GHED. The target audience are the users of the GHED data, who can find in this document a useful resource. It provides supplementary information to the indicators and aggregates published on the database, since it explains how the data collection and consultation process is performed, it describes the estimation methods implemented on the different SHA classifications, and provides details on the macroeconomic variables used, as well as the metadata information. As the COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on health spending since 2020, this document also provides a brief description of Covid-related expenditure categories and data collected and published on the GHED.
East And Southeast Asia 2020 2022
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Author : James E. Hoare
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2021-09-15
East And Southeast Asia 2020 2022 written by James E. Hoare and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-15 with Education categories.
The World Today Series: East & Southeast Asia provides historical background on the evolution of Modern East & Southeast Asia to help readers gain a thorough understanding of contemporary developments in this vital region. Broad introductory regional chapters are followed by sections on each country in the region. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors, and students to understand the immediate background of contemporary developments.
Change And Continuity In The 2020 And 2022 Elections
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Author : John H. Aldrich
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2023
Change And Continuity In The 2020 And 2022 Elections written by John H. Aldrich and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Political Science categories.
Change and Continuity in the 2020 and 2022 Elections analyzes the most recent presidential and congressional elections, voter turnout, and the social forces, party loyalties, and issues that affect voting behavior. This accessible, data-driven text helps readers understand the elections and what the results mean for the future of American politics.
The Middle East And South Asia 2020 2022
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Author : Elisabeth Yarbakhsh
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2021-09-15
The Middle East And South Asia 2020 2022 written by Elisabeth Yarbakhsh and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-15 with History categories.
The World Today Series: The Middle East and South Asia. More than a quarter of the world’s population live in the Middle East and South Asia, yet our knowledge and understanding of the region is often limited to news updates about the latest conflicts and crises. This edition of the annually updated volume of the World Today Series provides important insights that take the reader beyond the headlines. It offers detailed and up-to-date information about the politics, economies and societies of the twenty-four states that make up the region. Contemporary events are placed in their historical context, through an examination of major civilizations and key historical events. This volume introduces major themes that have shaped the region, including the struggles of ordinary people to achieve democratic rights; the role of oil in shaping society; burgeoning environmental threats; and the rise and fall of the Islamic State caliphate. While there is reason for optimism in regards to the Middle East and South Asia, this is tempered by the very real challenges that confront the region. The general reader will gain an understanding of these challenges and opportunities through an exploration of current and past developments.
The Usa And The World 2020 2022
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Author : David M. Keithly
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2021-09-15
The Usa And The World 2020 2022 written by David M. Keithly and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-15 with History categories.
The World Today Series: USA and The World describes not only what happened, but puts events in the context of the past and criticizes policy actions as appropriate. The result goes deeper than most of what appears in current publications. Updated annually and part of the renowned “World Today Series,” USA and the World presents an unusually penetrating look into America and its relationship to the rest of the world. The combination of factual accuracy and up-to-date detail along with its informed projections make this an outstanding resource for researchers, practitioners in international development, media professionals, government officials, potential investors and students. Now in its 16th edition, the content is thorough yet perfect for a one-semester introductory course or general library reference.
The Caadp 2020 Biennial Review Why Many Countries Are Off Track
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Author : Benin, Samuel
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2020-05-07
The Caadp 2020 Biennial Review Why Many Countries Are Off Track written by Benin, Samuel and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-07 with Political Science categories.
This note analyzes the trajectory of the benchmark and its implications for the effort required of countries to remain on-track or get on-track toward achieving the goals and targets of the Malabo Declaration by 2025. It also analyzes the change in the overall score obtained by different countries between the 2018 and 2020 BRs by decomposing the contribution of different indictors to the change. This helps to explain why fewer countries were on-track in the 2020 BR compared to the 2018 BR. The note concludes with a look at the potential challenges countries may face, most notably those brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, and prospects for them to remain or get on-track in future BRs.
East And Southeast Asia 2020 202
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Author : Steven A. LEIBO
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
East And Southeast Asia 2020 202 written by Steven A. LEIBO and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.