A Credit To Their Community
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A Credit To Their Community
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Author : Shelly Tenenbaum
language : en
Publisher: Wayne State University Press
Release Date : 1993
A Credit To Their Community written by Shelly Tenenbaum and has been published by Wayne State University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
By supplying small entrepreneurs with necessary capital to start and expand their businesses, Jewish loan societies facilitated the rise up the economic ladder of the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Jews. These collective institutions were an important feature of a cohesive ethnic economy in which Jewish factory owners hired Jewish workers, Jewish retailers bought goods from Jewish wholesalers, and Jewish shopkeepers relied on Jewish loan associations for funding. A Credit to Their Community is a sociohistorical study of Jewish credit organizations from the 1880s until the end of World War II. Upon their arrival in the United States during this critical period in American Jewish life, Eastern European Jewish immigrants established hundreds of loan societies in communities as diverse as Nashville, Tennessee; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Rock Island, Illinois; and Portland, Oregon. While there is ample discussion and documentation of the over-representation of Jewish immigrants in business, until now the question of how these immigrant entrepreneurs raised the necessary funds to start their enterprises has not been addressed. Based on primary historical documents, this book analyzes the emergence, growth, and subsequent decline of three types of Jewish loan associations in America: Hebrew free loan societies; remedial loan associations—philanthropic loan societies that charged relatively low interest fees; and credit cooperatives. The author addresses a number of issues related to the functioning of the Jewish credit organizations, including the activities of women's loan associations, debates about whether or not to open doors to non-Jewish borrowers, discussions about the merits and faults of implementing interest charges, the effects of the Great Depression on loan organizations, and the relations between free loan Societies and other Jewish organizations. While the primary focus is on Jews, the text also offers comparisons between Jewish loan societies and those of other enterprising groups such as the Japanese and Chinese. This study raises an important theoretical question in the field of ethnicity; namely, to what extent are ethnic institutions influenced by culture—cultural traits brought from countries of origin—and to what extent do they emerge as responses to the new context to which immigrants have arrived? In answering this question, Dr. Tenenbaum highlights the importance of both cultural and contextual factors for the emergence of Jewish loan associations.
Credit To The Community
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Author : Dan Immergluck
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-07-08
Credit To The Community written by Dan Immergluck and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-08 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides the most comprehensive examination of community reinvestment and fair lending problems and policies currently available. It outlines the history of lending discrimination and redlining in U.S. mortgage and small business lending markets, and documents the persistence of such problems today. The author explains the role that government has played in developing banking and credit markets in the United States, from the creation of Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States to the ongoing support government provides through the subsidization of secondary markets and through maintenance of critical regulatory infrastructure. Immergluck takes issue with those calling for deregulation of financial services - especially in the arena of fair lending and consumer protection - and gives new voice to rationales for social contract policies such as the Community Reinvestment Act. He provides new long-term analysis of the failure of federal bank regulators to enforce the CRA, and also shows how increased community activism and media attention have led to sporadic periods of stronger CRA enforcement. Finally, he recommends a number of policy changes that are needed to modernize the nation's fair lending and community reinvestment laws and make them more relevant for the 21st century.
The Community S Credit
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Author : C. Marshall Hattersley
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2015-06-26
The Community S Credit written by C. Marshall Hattersley and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Excerpt from The Community's Credit: A Consideration of the Principles, and Proposals of the Social Credit Movement Events to-day are moving far faster than ideas, and while governments and their expert advisers are seeking a cure for the economic malady along old, discredited lines, the governed are finding scant comfort in the out-worn formulæ of past decades and the platitudes of present-day politicians. And in the meantime the condition of modern industrial civilisation grows daily more serious. The present situation needs fresh analysis, and for its betterment, a new remedy. In the spring of the year 1920 there appeared the former of two remarkable books by Major C. H. Douglas. In "Economic Democracy," and later (assisted by Mr. A. R. Orage, late editor of "The New Age"), in "Credit-Power and Democracy" also. Major Douglas has undertaken a new and fundamental analysis of the industrial situation, and has pointed out the principles upon which any permanent solution of the present economic difficulties must be sought. The Social Credit Movement has arisen as a direct result of these two books, in order to study and develop the principles formulated therein, and to discover ways and means of carrying them into effect. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Community Capital
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Author : Clifford Rosenthal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2024-07-30
Community Capital written by Clifford Rosenthal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-30 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Clifford Rosenthal provides a 10,000-foot overview and historical context of the community development credit union (CDCU) movement, while scrutinizing his journey as a white man leading a predominantly non-white organization. In his quest for community-controlled capital, he raised directly or indirectly through his advocacy for $100 million in investments in low-income credit unions; and pioneering the community development financial institutions (CDFI) movement. His 40-year year career took Rosenthal from neighborhood co-op organizer, to credit union builder, then association president, and finally federal policymaker. Rosenthal writes as a credit union practitioner shaped by his training as a Russian historian and translator. More "co-conspirator" than ally, Rosenthal is a white man battling for capital and equity in communities of color, while acknowledging and confronting his own shortcomings as a leader.In contrast, Michael McCray gives a harrowing insider's account as a participant/eyewitness to history. McCray is a Black man fighting a federal regulator, the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), in a white man's world. He brings "receipts"-- unique access to secret transcripts, doctored financial reports, and federal court documents which undergird a compelling argument that the regulator has mistreated small credit unions, especially in minority communities. McCray takes the reader behind closed doors at an NCUA board meeting and inside the courtroom as a small credit union fights for its life against federal attorneys and the Justice Department. McCray delivers a dramatic first-person account with primary source documents and forensic insights on the landmark KAPFCU v NCUA federal court case. Justifiably jaundiced, McCray's compelling writing style takes the readers on an inside-the-car, roller-coaster ride through a regulatory "Alice in Wonderland."Rosenthal is a historian, and McCray is a whistleblower. Together, we guide the reader through a race-tinted, bifocal examination of the long and ongoing struggle to redress economic inequity. If we have succeeded, the reader will learn not only about the barriers to DEI-Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion-at the highest level of government, but gain a better understanding of the pivotal role Black organizations like the Divine Nine and Black churches play in bringing providing capital access to marginalized communities.
The Community S Credit
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Author : C. Marshall Hattersley
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2018-01-24
The Community S Credit written by C. Marshall Hattersley and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-24 with Business & Economics categories.
Excerpt from The Community's Credit: A Consideration of the Principles, and Proposals of the Social Credit Movement The Law of Supply and Demand - The Dual Law of Prices - An Era of Combines - Control of Industrial Policy - Passing of the Gold Standard - Danger of a Return to a Gold basis-mthe Real Credit Basis - Distribution of purchasing-power to Consumers - What is the Just Price -summary of the preceding Analysis. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Credit Markets For The Poor
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Author : Patrick Bolton
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2005-06-30
Credit Markets For The Poor written by Patrick Bolton and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-06-30 with Social Science categories.
Access to credit is an important means of providing people with the opportunity to make a better life for themselves. Loans are essential for most people who want to purchase a home, start a business, pay for college, or weather a spell of unemployment. Yet many people in poor and minority communities—regardless of their creditworthiness—find credit hard to come by, making the climb out of poverty extremely difficult. How dire are the lending markets in these communities and what can be done to improve access to credit for disadvantaged groups? In Credit Markets for the Poor, editors Patrick Bolton and Howard Rosenthal and an expert team of economists, political scientists, and legal and business scholars tackle these questions with shrewd analysis and a wealth of empirical data. Credit Markets for the Poor opens by examining what credit options are available to poor households. Economist John Caskey profiles how weak credit options force many working families into a disastrous cycle of short-term, high interest loans in order to sustain themselves between paychecks. Löic Sadoulet explores the reasons that community lending organizations, which have been so successful in developing countries, have failed in more advanced economies. He argues the obstacles that have inhibited community lending groups in industrialized countries—such as a lack of institutional credibility and the high cost of establishing lending networks—can be overcome if banks facilitate the community lending process and establish a system of repayment insurance. Credit Markets for the Poor also examines how legal institutions affect the ability of the poor to borrow. Daniela Fabbri and Mario Padula argue that well-meaning provisions making it more difficult for lenders to collect on defaulted loans are actually doing a disservice to the poor in credit markets. They find that in areas with lax legal enforcement of debt agreements, credit markets for the poor are underdeveloped because lenders are unwilling to take risks on issuing credit or will do so only at exorbitant interest rates. Timothy Bates looks at programs that facilitate small-business development and finds that they have done little to reduce poverty. He argues that subsidized business creation programs may lure inexperienced households into entrepreneurship in areas where little profitable investment is possible, hence setting them up for failure. With clarity and insightful analysis, Credit Markets for the Poor demonstrates how weak credit markets are impeding the social and economic mobility of the needy. By detailing the many disadvantages that impoverished people face when seeking to borrow, this important new volume highlights a significant national problem and offers solutions for the future.
The Community S Credit A Consideration Of The Principles And Proposals Of The Social Credit Movement
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Author : C. Marshall Hattersley
language : en
Publisher: Palala Press
Release Date : 2015-08-31
The Community S Credit A Consideration Of The Principles And Proposals Of The Social Credit Movement written by C. Marshall Hattersley and has been published by Palala Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-31 with categories.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Community S Credit A Consideration Of The Principles And Proposals Of The Social Credit Movement Primary Source Edition
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Author : C. Marshall Hattersley
language : en
Publisher: Nabu Press
Release Date : 2013-10
The Community S Credit A Consideration Of The Principles And Proposals Of The Social Credit Movement Primary Source Edition written by C. Marshall Hattersley and has been published by Nabu Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10 with categories.
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Credit And Community
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Author : Sean O'Connell
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-01-22
Credit And Community written by Sean O'Connell and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-22 with History categories.
Credit and Community examines the history of consumer credit and debt in working class communities. Concentrating on forms of credit that were traditionally very dependent on personal relationships and social networks, such as mail-order catalogues and co-operatives, it demonstrates how community-based arrangements declined as more impersonal forms of borrowing emerged during the twentieth century. Tallymen and check traders moved into doorstep moneylending during the 1960s, but in subsequent decades the loss of their best working class customers, owing to increased spending power and the emergence of a broader range of credit alternatives, forced them to focus on the 'financially excluded'. This 'sub-prime' market was open for exploitation by unlicensed lenders, and Sean O'Connell offers the first detailed historical investigation of illegal moneylending in the UK, encompassing the 'she usurers' of Edwardian Liverpool and the violent loan sharks of Blair's Britain. O'Connell contrasts such commercial forms of credit with formal and informal co-operative alternatives, such as 'diddlum clubs', 'partners', and mutuality clubs. He provides the first history of the UK credit unions, revealing the importance of Irish and Caribbean immigrant volunteers, and explains the relative failure of the movement compared with Ireland. Drawing on a wide range of neglected sources, including the archives of consumer credit companies, the records of the co-operative and credit union movements, and government papers, Credit and Community makes a strong contribution to historical understandings of credit and debt. Oral history testimony from both sides of the credit divide is used to telling effect, offering key insights into the complex nature of the relationship between borrowers and lenders.
Lending Power
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Author : Howard E. Covington Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2017-10-19
Lending Power written by Howard E. Covington Jr. and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-19 with History categories.
Established by Martin Eakes and Bonnie Wright in North Carolina in 1980, the nonprofit Center for Community Self-Help has grown from an innovative financial institution dedicated to civil rights into the nation's largest home lender to low- and moderate-income borrowers. Self-Help's first capital campaign—a bake sale that raised a meager seventy-seven dollars for a credit union—may not have done much to fulfill the organization's early goals of promoting worker-owned businesses, but it was a crucial first step toward wielding inclusive lending as a weapon for economic justice. In Lending Power journalist and historian Howard E. Covington Jr. narrates the compelling story of Self-Help's founders and coworkers as they built a progressive and community-oriented financial institution. First established to assist workers displaced by closed furniture and textile mills, Self-Help created a credit union that expanded into providing home loans for those on the margins of the financial market, especially people of color and single mothers. Using its own lending record, Self-Help convinced commercial banks to follow suit, extending its influence well beyond North Carolina. In 1999 its efforts led to the first state law against predatory lending. A decade later, as the Great Recession ravaged the nation's economy, its legislative victories helped influence the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the formation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Self-Help also created a federally chartered credit union to expand to California and later to Illinois and Florida, where it assisted ailing community-based credit unions and financial institutions. Throughout its history, Self-Help has never wavered from its mission to use Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s vision of justice to extend economic opportunity to the nation's unbanked and underserved citizens. With nearly two billion dollars in assets, Self-Help also shows that such a model for nonprofits can be financially successful while serving the greater good. At a time when calls for economic justice are growing ever louder, Lending Power shows how hard-working and dedicated people can help improve their communities.