A Network Synthesis Based Approach For Frequency Dependent Network Equivalents
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A Network Synthesis Based Approach For Frequency Dependent Network Equivalents
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Author : Meysam Ahmadi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
A Network Synthesis Based Approach For Frequency Dependent Network Equivalents written by Meysam Ahmadi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Transient simulation of large electric power systems is resource-intensive and it is often prohibitive to model the entire network in the simulator. To save computational resources, only a part of the network is modelled in detail and the remainder is modelled as an equivalent from the point of connection. To derive this equivalent, a frequency scan of the network portion is obtained either through measurements made on the actual network or via measurements on a highly detailed simulation model; and stored as a table of frequency versus impedance (magnitude and phase). Such a model is called a Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE). Using curve-fitting, the frequency scan is fitted by a rational function, which can then readily be converted into a time-domain simulation model. Using the FDNE instead of modelling a whole network in detail, greatly reduces the computer simulation time, which is critical, and reduces the cost of computing resources particularly in real-time simulators. One of the major challenges in the current state of the art in implementing FDNEs is that the fitted rational function is often not passive. In other words, the model generates energy in some ranges of frequencies which may lead to instability in the simulation. In this work, a new method is explored to go directly from the frequency scan (tabulated function) to the time domain model without fitting the response by rational functions. In this technique, using network realization methods, an electric network made up of RLC branches and ideal transformers are used to fit the response while preserving the passivity of the network. Brune's realization method for the single-port network and Tellegen's extension for multi-port networks are adapted to implement numerically on tabulated functions. The most desirable feature of these techniques is that the realized network is always passive. So, unlike the current methods, there is no possibility whatsoever of violation of passivity in the resulted network.
Frequency Domain Equivalents For Passive Networks
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Author : Amir Mehdi Mousavi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Frequency Domain Equivalents For Passive Networks written by Amir Mehdi Mousavi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
This thesis presents efficient methods for constructing an equivalent of an immittance matrix of a passive electric network based on either infinite-dimensional theory or fitting of measured (calculated) frequency responses. The immittance matrix can be used: (1) To represent a frequency-dependent equivalent of a large electric network, e.g. an interconnected power system, with respect to prespecified terminal(s), in a wide frequency range for (a) analyses of electromagnetic transients, and (b) analyses and synthesis of controllers, or (2) To represent a frequency dependent equivalent of electric apparatus, e.g. a power transformer, in a wide frequency range, to investigate its terminal behaviour with respect to an external phenomenon (black-box representation). Requirements for the equivalent immittance matrix to provide stable results are that (1) all its poles must lie in the left-half plane and, (2) it must represent a passive network. Immittance matrix of a passive network represents a positive real system. Necessary and sufficient conditions for an immittance matrix to represent a passive network, for both rational transfer matrices and state-space matrices, are presented. Based on developed transforms of these conditions, direct methods, for testing positive realness are deduced. The methods and the corresponding algorithms require only evaluation of a set of simple algebraic conditions. These provide alternative procedures to the application of positive real lemma. Based on these algorithms, positive realness of an equivalent is guaranteed. Based on the following two approaches, a finite-dimensional, linear, and passive model of a network, represented by an immittance matrix, is deduced. (1) The first approach is based on solution of a special class of linear hyperbolic partial differential equations using infinite-dimensional theory. Passivity and stability conditions are ensured. (2) The second approach is based on approximation (fitting) of measured (calculated) frequency responses using either a rational immittance matrix or a state-space representation. Stability and passivity conditions for the model are imposed during optimization fitting process. Applications of the developed approaches and corresponding algorithms are demonstrated based on obtaining frequency-dependent equivalents of (1) a large 500kV transmission system, and (2) a three-phase distribution class transformer.
Frequency Dependent Hybrid Equivalents Of Large Networks
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Author : Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Hassan Abdel-Rahman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Frequency Dependent Hybrid Equivalents Of Large Networks written by Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Hassan Abdel-Rahman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
For the digital time-domain analysis of electromagnetic transients in an interconnected power system, the system is artificially divided into two sections: (i) the study zone, in which the transient phenomenon occurs and where the component models must be represented in detail, including physical and mathematical nonlinearities, and (ii) the external system which encompasses the rest of the network, and due to its electrical distance to the location of the transient phenomenon, can be represented by a linear network in the whole frequency range of interest. This thesis develops a new methodology to obtain a frequency dependent equivalent for an external network. The main motivation behind development of an equivalent for the external system is to minimize computation resources, i.e., CPU time and memory, for the analysis of realistic size systems. The required computational resources are the bottleneck in real-time simulation and application of off-line software packages for the analysis of high-frequency electromagnetic transients. The salient feature of the proposed approach, as compared with the other methods for deducing external network equivalent, is that it provides a simpler model (lower-order mathematical model) with the required accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed methodology ensures positive-realness of the equivalent. The proposed equivalent is referred to as the hybrid equivalent since it relies on a combination of (i) simplified distributed line models and (ii) lumped element models, to generate a frequency response equivalent of the external system. This thesis also expands the proposed approach to develop a multi-port equivalent and to consider the impact of sources (generators and harmonic sources) on the equivalent. The proposed concept has been applied to a realistic size interconnected 500 kV study system to obtain a single-port and a two-port equivalent with respect to pre-specified observation points. The validity and accuracy of the proposed approach is verified based on comparing the simulation results with those obtained from the simulation of the original system using the ElectroMagnetic Transients Program (EMTP).
Frequency Dependent Network Equivalents For Ac Power Systems
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Author : Awad I. Ibrahim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Frequency Dependent Network Equivalents For Ac Power Systems written by Awad I. Ibrahim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.
Transient Analysis Of Power Systems
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Author : Juan A. Martinez-Velasco
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-01-27
Transient Analysis Of Power Systems written by Juan A. Martinez-Velasco and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The simulation of electromagnetic transients is a mature field that plays an important role in the design of modern power systems. Since the first steps in this field to date, a significant effort has been dedicated to the development of new techniques and more powerful software tools. Sophisticated models, complex solution techniques and powerful simulation tools have been developed to perform studies that are of supreme importance in the design of modern power systems. The first developments of transients tools were mostly aimed at calculating over-voltages. Presently, these tools are applied to a myriad of studies (e.g. FACTS and Custom Power applications, protective relay performance, simulation of smart grids) for which detailed models and fast solution methods can be of paramount importance. This book provides a basic understanding of the main aspects to be considered when performing electromagnetic transients studies, detailing the main applications of present electromagnetic transients (EMT) tools, and discusses new developments for enhanced simulation capability. Key features: Provides up-to-date information on solution techniques and software capabilities for simulation of electromagnetic transients. Covers key aspects that can expand the capabilities of a transient software tool (e.g. interfacing techniques) or speed up transients simulation (e.g. dynamic model averaging). Applies EMT-type tools to a wide spectrum of studies that range from fast electromagnetic transients to slow electromechanical transients, including power electronic applications, distributed energy resources and protection systems. Illustrates the application of EMT tools to the analysis and simulation of smart grids.
Frequency Dependent Hybrid Equivalents Of Large Networks Microform
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Author : Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Hassan Abdel-Rahman
language : en
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
Release Date : 2001
Frequency Dependent Hybrid Equivalents Of Large Networks Microform written by Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Hassan Abdel-Rahman and has been published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Proceedings Of The Ire
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1958
Proceedings Of The Ire written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1958 with Radio categories.
Rf And Microwave Circuits Measurements And Modeling
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Author : Mike Golio
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-10-08
Rf And Microwave Circuits Measurements And Modeling written by Mike Golio and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Highlighting the challenges RF and microwave circuit designers face in their day-to-day tasks, RF and Microwave Circuits, Measurements, and Modeling explores RF and microwave circuit designs in terms of performance and critical design specifications. The book discusses transmitters and receivers first in terms of functional circuit block and then examines each block individually. Separate articles consider fundamental amplifier issues, low noise amplifiers, power amplifiers for handset applications and high power, power amplifiers. Additional chapters cover other circuit functions including oscillators, mixers, modulators, phase locked loops, filters and multiplexers. New chapters discuss high-power PAs, bit error rate testing, and nonlinear modeling of heterojunction bipolar transistors, while other chapters feature new and updated material that reflects recent progress in such areas as high-volume testing, transmitters and receivers, and CAD tools. The unique behavior and requirements associated with RF and microwave systems establishes a need for unique and complex models and simulation tools. The required toolset for a microwave circuit designer includes unique device models, both 2D and 3D electromagnetic simulators, as well as frequency domain based small signal and large signal circuit and system simulators. This unique suite of tools requires a design procedure that is also distinctive. This book examines not only the distinct design tools of the microwave circuit designer, but also the design procedures that must be followed to use them effectively.
Icidssd 2020
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Author : M. Afshar Alam
language : en
Publisher: European Alliance for Innovation
Release Date : 2021-03-03
Icidssd 2020 written by M. Afshar Alam and has been published by European Alliance for Innovation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-03 with Social Science categories.
The International Conference on ICT for Digital, Smart, and Sustainable Development (ICIDSSD’20) aims to provide an annual platform for the researchers, academicians, and professionals from across the world. ICIDSSD’20, held at Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, is the second international conference of this series of conferences to be held annually. The conference majorly focuses on the recent developments in the areas relating to Information and Communication Technologies and contributing to Sustainable Development. ICIDSSD’20 has attracted research papers pertaining to an array of exciting research areas. The selected papers cover a wide range of topics including but not limited to Sustainable Development, Green Computing, Smart City, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Machine Learning, Cloud Computing, IoT, ANN, Cyber Security, and Data Science. Papers have primarily been judged on originality, presentation, relevance, and quality of work. Papers that clearly demonstrate results have been preferred. We thank our esteemed authors for having shown confidence in us and entrusting us with the publication of their research papers. The success of the conference would not have been possible without the submission of their quality research works. We thank the members of the International Scientific Advisory Committee, Technical Program Committee and members of all the other committees for their advice, guidance, and efforts. Also, we are grateful to our technical partners and sponsors, viz. HNF, EAI, ISTE, AICTE, IIC, CSI, IETE, Department of Higher Education, MHRD and DST for sponsorship and assistance.
Modeling And Design Of Electromagnetic Compatibility For High Speed Printed Circuit Boards And Packaging
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Author : Xing-Chang Wei
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-19
Modeling And Design Of Electromagnetic Compatibility For High Speed Printed Circuit Boards And Packaging written by Xing-Chang Wei and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-19 with Computers categories.
Modeling and Design of Electromagnetic Compatibility for High-Speed Printed Circuit Boards and Packaging presents the electromagnetic modelling and design of three major electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues related to the high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic packages: signal integrity (SI), power integrity (PI), and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The emphasis is put on two essential passive components of PCBs and packages: the power distribution network and the signal distribution network. This book includes two parts. Part one talks about the field-circuit hybrid methods used for the EMC modeling, including the modal method, the integral equation method, the cylindrical wave expansion method and the de-embedding method. Part two illustrates EMC design methods and explores the applications of novel metamaterials and two-dimensional materials on traditional EMC problems. This book is designed to enhance worthwhile electromagnetic theory and mathematical methods for practical engineers and to train students with advanced EMC applications.