A New Defense Of Realism
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A New Defense Of Realism
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Author : Nicholas Buckley Mantegani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
A New Defense Of Realism written by Nicholas Buckley Mantegani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
In this dissertation, I defend the claim that realism -- that is, a theory committed to an ontology of universals and particulars -- is a more viable theory than any of the others adopted in order solve to the problem of universals. I begin in chapter 1 by setting out a method for comparing the various theories offered as solutions to this problem that is based primarily on a preference for those theories that exhibit greater ontological parsimony. In developing this method I endorse rather than reject (as is standard for realists to do) Quine's criterion of ontological commitment. In chapter 2, I utilize the aforementioned method of theory comparison to argue for the greater comparative viability of realism over each of its primary competitors. In chapter 3, I set out and offer a solution to the "problem of instantiation", which has traditionally been taken to be the most difficult problem for realists to solve. Finally, in chapter 4, I discuss two remaining issues that face the sort of "Quinean" realism that I prefer: (1) the ability of this version of realism to accommodate the traditional realist distinction between universals and particulars, and (2) the ability of this version of realism to account for "relational facts" while maintaining its greater comparative viability over its competitors.
The Explanationist Defense Of Scientific Realism
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Author : Dorit A. Ganson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-01-31
The Explanationist Defense Of Scientific Realism written by Dorit A. Ganson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-31 with Philosophy categories.
Ganson offers new hope in this work for the defense of scientific realism by undermining powerful anti-realist objections and advocating an abandonment of naturalist and externalist strategies.
A Novel Defense Of Scientific Realism
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Author : Jarrett Leplin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1997-08-07
A Novel Defense Of Scientific Realism written by Jarrett Leplin and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-07 with Science categories.
Vigorous and controversial, this book develops a sustained argument for a realist interpretation of science, based on a new analysis of the concept of predictive novelty. Identifying a form of success achieved in science--the successful prediction of novel empirical results--which can be explained only by attributing some measure of truth to the theories that yield it, Jarrett Leplin demonstrates the incapacity of nonrealist accounts to accommodate novel success and constructs a deft realist explanation of novelty. To test the applicability of novel success as a standard of warrant for theories, Leplin examines current directions in theoretical physics, fashioning a powerful critique of currently developing standards of evaluation. Arguing that explanatory uniqueness warrants inference, and exposing flaws in contending philosophical positions that sever explanatory power from epistemic justification, Leplin holds that abductive, or explanatory, inference is as fundamental as enumerative or eliminative inference, and contends that neither induction nor abduction can proceed without the other on pain of generating paradoxes. Leplin's conception of novelty has two basic components: an independence condition, ensuring that a result novel for a theory have no essential role, even indirectly, in the theory's provenance; and a uniqueness condition, ensuring that no competing theory provides a basis for predicting the same result. Showing that alternative approaches to novelty fall short in both respects, Leplin proceeds to a series of test cases, engaging prominent scientific theories from nineteenth-century accounts of light to modern cosmology in an effort to demonstrate the epistemological superiority of his view. Ambitious and tightly argued, A Novel Defense of Scientific Realism advances new positions on major topics in philosophy of science and offers a version of realism as original as it is compelling, making it essential reading for philosophers of science, epistemologists, and scholars in science studies.
Realism Rescued
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Author : Jerrold L. Aronson
language : en
Publisher: Open Court Publishing
Release Date : 1995
Realism Rescued written by Jerrold L. Aronson and has been published by Open Court Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Philosophy categories.
Does science give us a progressively more accurate and objective account of the world? This book by three leading philosophers of science presents a new defense of scientific realism against skeptical and positivist attacks. While positivists view scientific theories as devices for predicting observable phenomena, realists maintain that theories describe hidden processes which account for observable phenomena. This problem raises the question: What are scientific theories about? Do they refer to an unobservable yet real realm of physical processes? It seems undeniable that the scientific endeavor has in some sense made progress. But is the increasing practical success of the physical sciences good grounds for believing that their theories and techniques lead us nearer to the truth? According to Aronson, Harre, and Way, past failures to answer these questions have been due in large part to the assumption that knowledge is expressed in propositions and organized by the canons of logic. On the assumption that science must meet the world in a correspondence between statements and states of affairs, realism turns out to be difficult to defend. Realism Rescued offers a new direction, relying on the importance of models in scientific work. Theories are not to be thought of as sets of propositions, though they can be expressed propositionally. Rather they are models, chunks of orderings of natural kinds. For the first time, the indispensability of models is turned into a powerful argument for realism, an argument that confronts the skeptic on his own ground. By drawing on a new technique of knowledge representation developed in Artificial Intelligence, the dynamic type-hierarchy, the authorsgive a convincing account of the central role of models. Such concepts as verisimilitude, natural kind, natural necessity, and natural law can then be presented far more clearly than ever before.
Taking Morality Seriously
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Author : David Enoch
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2011-07-28
Taking Morality Seriously written by David Enoch and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-28 with Philosophy categories.
In Taking Morality Seriously: A Defense of Robust Realism David Enoch develops, argues for, and defends a strongly realist and objectivist view of ethics and normativity more broadly. This view—according to which there are perfectly objective, universal, moral and other normative truths that are not in any way reducible to other, natural truths—is familiar, but this book is the first in-detail development of the positive motivations for the view into reasonably precise arguments. And when the book turns defensive—defending Robust Realism against traditional objections—it mobilizes the original positive arguments for the view to help with fending off the objections. The main underlying motivation for Robust Realism developed in the book is that no other metaethical view can vindicate our taking morality seriously. The positive arguments developed here—the argument from the deliberative indispensability of normative truths, and the argument from the moral implications of metaethical objectivity (or its absence)—are thus arguments for Robust Realism that are sensitive to the underlying, pre-theoretical motivations for the view.
A Defense Of Realism
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Author : Elmer Daniel Klemke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
A Defense Of Realism written by Elmer Daniel Klemke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Philosophy categories.
English philosopher George Edward Moore (1873-1958) developed the chief modern theory of ethics, Ideal Utilitarianism. A Defense of Realism examines Moore's conception of philosophy and his views on the importance of metaphysics, presenting and evaluating the Principia Ethica author's criticisms and refutations of certain philosophical positions, especially idealism, naive realism, phenomenalism, and pragmatism. Klemke gives a detailed analysis and an appraisal of Moore's defense of common sense, and concentrates on Moore's realism, beginning with the reality of entities in the natural universe, and proofs of the external world. Finally, Klemke analyzes and enhances through personal argument Moore's views on the reality of various nonnatural entities crucial to Moore's defense of philosophical realism.
Moral Realism
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Author : Russ Shafer-Landau
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Release Date : 2005
Moral Realism written by Russ Shafer-Landau and has been published by Oxford University Press on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Philosophy categories.
Moral Realism is a systematic defence of the idea that there are objective moral standards. In the tradition of Plato and G. E. Moore, Russ Shafer-Landau argues that there are moral principles that are true independently of what anyone, anywhere, happens to think of them. These principles are a fundamental aspect of reality, just as much as those that govern mathematics or the natural world. They may be true regardless of our ability to grasp them, and their truth is not a matter of theirbeing ratified from any ideal standpoint, nor of being the object of actual or hypothetical consensus, nor of being an expression of our rational nature. Shafer-Landau accepts Plato's and Moore's contention that moral truths are sui generis. He rejects the currently popular efforts to conceive of ethics as a kind of science, and insists that moral truths and properties occupy a distinctive area in our ontology. Unlike scientific truths, the fundamental moral principles are knowable a priori. And unlike mathematical truths, they are essentially normative: intrinsically action-guiding, and supplying a justification for all who follow their counsel. Moral Realism is the first comprehensive treatise defending non-naturalistic moral realism in over a generation. It ranges over all of the central issues in contemporary metaethics, and will be an important source of discussion for philosophers and their students interested in issues concerning the foundations of ethics.
The New Realism Co Perative Studies In Philosophy
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Author : Edwin Bissell Holt
language : en
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
Release Date : 2013-09
The New Realism Co Perative Studies In Philosophy written by Edwin Bissell Holt and has been published by Theclassics.Us this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09 with categories.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1912 edition. Excerpt: ... A defense of analysis By Edward Gleason Spaulding I introductobt In this essay I shall attempt both a general and a specific defense of analysis. A general defense might not be exclusively dependent upon a general realistic position; but there are revealed in a defense of analysis as such many reasons which make for the correctness of the realistic position. My specific purpose becomes, then, not simply to defend analysis qua analysis, but also by this means to defend the general realistic interpretation of both whole and part. I shall, then, defend analysis as a method of knowing which discovers entities or parts which are real in quite the same sense as are the wholes which are analyzed. This position may be called Analytical Realism.1 1. The Types of Analysis and of Wholes.--There are two general types of analysis: (1) formal, and (2) experimental or 'material, ' both of which imply a relation of great importance to science and philosophy, namely, the whole-part relation.2 That which is analyzed is a whole. Analysis is the discovery, or, possibly, the invention of parts--the parts of the whole analyzed. Which of these analysis is--discovery or invention, --revelation of fact or falsification--, is in reality the central question at issue. On this point parties divide. But all agree that that which is analyzed is in some sense a whole, and that that to which analysis leads is in some sense a part. 1 The general evidence and proof for the realistic position are presented in the Introduction to this volume. 1 See Perry, this volume, 107, and Russell, B. Principles of Mathematics I, 360 el pansim. 155 By experimental analysis is meant that kind of analysis which is made in the case, for example, of chemical compounds. These are sometimes.
A Defence Of Direct Realism Incorporating A New Account Of Sense Data
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Author : John Michael Kearns
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
A Defence Of Direct Realism Incorporating A New Account Of Sense Data written by John Michael Kearns and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Knowledge, Theory of categories.
A Novel Defense Of Scientific Realism
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Author : Jarrett Leplin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
A Novel Defense Of Scientific Realism written by Jarrett Leplin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Realism categories.
Attempting to reinstate the common-sense idea that theoretical knowledge is achievable, the author of this text accounts for the genesis of the sceptical position, then introduces his argument for Minimalist Scientific Realism.