A New Method For History Matching And Forecasting Shale Gas Oil Reservoir Production Performance With Dual And Triple Porosity Models
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A New Method For History Matching And Forecasting Shale Gas Oil Reservoir Production Performance With Dual And Triple Porosity Models
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Author : Orkhan Samandarli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
A New Method For History Matching And Forecasting Shale Gas Oil Reservoir Production Performance With Dual And Triple Porosity Models written by Orkhan Samandarli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Different methods have been proposed for history matching production of shale gas/oil wells which are drilled horizontally and usually hydraulically fractured with multiple stages. These methods are simulation, analytical models, and empirical equations. It has been well known that among the methods listed above, analytical models are more favorable in application to field data for two reasons. First, analytical solutions are faster than simulation, and second, they are more rigorous than empirical equations. Production behavior of horizontally drilled shale gas/oil wells has never been completely matched with the models which are described in this thesis. For shale gas wells, correction due to adsorption is explained with derived equations. The algorithm which is used for history matching and forecasting is explained in detail with a computer program as an implementation of it that is written in Excel's VBA. As an objective of this research, robust method is presented with a computer program which is applied to field data. The method presented in this thesis is applied to analyze the production performance of gas wells from Barnett, Woodford, and Fayetteville shales. It is shown that the method works well to understand reservoir description and predict future performance of shale gas wells. Moreover, synthetic shale oil well also was used to validate application of the method to oil wells. Given the huge unconventional resource potential and increasing energy demand in the world, the method described in this thesis will be the "game changing" technology to understand the reservoir properties and make future predictions in short period of time.
Shale Gas And Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation
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Author : Wei Yu
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2018-08-10
Shale Gas And Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation written by Wei Yu and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Shale Gas and Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation delivers the latest research and applications used to better manage and interpret simulating production from shale gas and tight oil reservoirs. Starting with basic fundamentals, the book then includes real field data that will not only generate reliable reserve estimation, but also predict the effective range of reservoir and fracture properties through multiple history matching solutions. Also included are new insights into the numerical modelling of CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery in tight oil reservoirs. This information is critical for a better understanding of the impacts of key reservoir properties and complex fractures. Models the well performance of shale gas and tight oil reservoirs with complex fracture geometries Teaches how to perform sensitivity studies, history matching, production forecasts, and economic optimization for shale-gas and tight-oil reservoirs Helps readers investigate data mining techniques, including the introduction of nonparametric smoothing models
Assisted History Matching For Unconventional Reservoirs
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Author : Sutthaporn Tripoppoom
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2021-08-05
Assisted History Matching For Unconventional Reservoirs written by Sutthaporn Tripoppoom and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-05 with Science categories.
As unconventional reservoir activity grows in demand, reservoir engineers relying on history matching are challenged with this time-consuming task in order to characterize hydraulic fracture and reservoir properties, which are expensive and difficult to obtain. Assisted History Matching for Unconventional Reservoirs delivers a critical tool for today’s engineers proposing an Assisted History Matching (AHM) workflow. The AHM workflow has benefits of quantifying uncertainty without bias or being trapped in any local minima and this reference helps the engineer integrate an efficient and non-intrusive model for fractures that work with any commercial simulator. Additional benefits include various applications of field case studies such as the Marcellus shale play and visuals on the advantages and disadvantages of alternative models. Rounding out with additional references for deeper learning, Assisted History Matching for Unconventional Reservoirs gives reservoir engineers a holistic view on how to model today’s fractures and unconventional reservoirs. Provides understanding on simulations for hydraulic fractures, natural fractures, and shale reservoirs using embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) Reviews automatic and assisted history matching algorithms including visuals on advantages and limitations of each model Captures data on uncertainties of fractures and reservoir properties for better probabilistic production forecasting and well placement
A New Type Curve Analysis For Shale Gas Oil Reservoir Production Performance With Dual Porosity Linear System
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Author : Haider Jaffar Abdulal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
A New Type Curve Analysis For Shale Gas Oil Reservoir Production Performance With Dual Porosity Linear System written by Haider Jaffar Abdulal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
With increase of interest in exploiting shale gas/oil reservoirs with multiple stage fractured horizontal wells, complexity of production analysis and reservoir description have also increased. Different methods and models were used throughout the years to analyze these wells, such as using analytical solutions and simulation techniques. The analytical methods are more popular because they are faster and more accurate. The main objective of this paper is to present and demonstrate type curves for production data analysis of shale gas/oil wells using a Dual Porosity model. Production data of horizontally drilled shale gas/oil wells have been matched with developed type curves which vary with effective parameters. Once a good match is obtained, the well dual porosity parameters can be calculated. A computer program was developed for more simplified matching process and more accurate results. As an objective of this thesis, a type curve analytical method was presented with its application to field data. The results show a good match with the synthetic and field cases. The calculated parameters are close to those used on the synthetic models and field cases.
History Matching And Forecasting Of Three Unconventional Oil And Gas Reservoirs Using Decline Analyses And Type Curves
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Author : Hammad Ahmed
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
History Matching And Forecasting Of Three Unconventional Oil And Gas Reservoirs Using Decline Analyses And Type Curves written by Hammad Ahmed and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Reservoir modeling of shale gas and tight oil presents numerous challenges due to complicated transport mechanisms and the existence of fracture networks. Even then, oil and gas companies have not slowed down on shale hydrocarbon investment and production using horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques. Many small oil companies may not have the budget to build a reservoir model which typically requires drilling test wells and performing well logging measurements. Even for large oil companies, building a reservoir model is not worthwhile for the evaluation of small-scale oil fields. Comprehensive numerical simulation methods are likely impractical in those cases. Decline Curve Analysis (DCA) is one of the most convenient and practical techniques in order to forecast the production of these reservoirs. With the rapid increase in shale hydrocarbon production over the past 30 years, there have been numerous production data for shale gas reservoirs. Many different DCA models have been constructed to model the shale hydrocarbon production rate, from the classical Arps to the latest and more advanced models; each has its advantages and shortcomings. In practice and in all existing commercial DCA software, most of these DCA models are implemented and open to be used. Most of the deterministic DCA models are empirical and lack a physical background so that they cannot be used for history-matching of the reservoir properties. In this study, popular DCA models for shale gas reservoirs are reviewed, including the types of reservoirs they fit. Their advantages and disadvantages have also been presented. This work will serve as a guideline for petroleum engineers to determine which DCA models should be applied to different shale hydrocarbon fields and production periods. The research objective also includes evaluating the performance of top unconventional plays (Bakken, Barnett, and Eagle Ford). Productions by counties are analyzed and compared to see how they stack up against each other. One section of this study also sheds some light on the future of shale gas and tight oil plays based on the simulation of models created.
Well Production Performance Analysis For Shale Gas Reservoirs
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Author : Liehui Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2019-05-16
Well Production Performance Analysis For Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Liehui Zhang and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Well Production Performance Analysis for Shale Gas Reservoirs, Volume 66 presents tactics and discussions that are urgently needed by the petroleum community regarding unconventional oil and gas resources development and production. The book breaks down the mechanics of shale gas reservoirs and the use of mathematical models to analyze their performance. Features an in-depth analysis of shale gas horizontal fractured wells and how they differ from their conventional counterparts Includes detailed information on the testing of fractured horizontal wells before and after fracturing Offers in-depth analysis of numerical simulation and the importance of this tool for the development of shale gas reservoirs
Production Analysis And Forecasting Of Shale Reservoirs Using Simple Mechanistic And Statistical Modeling
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Author : Leopoldo Matias Ruiz Maraggi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Production Analysis And Forecasting Of Shale Reservoirs Using Simple Mechanistic And Statistical Modeling written by Leopoldo Matias Ruiz Maraggi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Accurate production analysis and forecasting of well’s performance is essential to estimate reserves and to develop strategies to optimize hydrocarbon recovery. In the case of shale resources, this task is particularly challenging for the following reasons. First, these reservoirs show long periods of transient linear flow in which the reservoir volume grows continuously over time acting without bounds. Second, variable operating conditions cause scatter and abrupt production changes. Finally, the presence of competing flow mechanisms, heterogeneities, and multi-phase flow effects make the production analysis more complex. Detailed numerical flow models can address the complexities present in unconventional reservoirs. However, these models suffer from the following limitations: (a) the uncertainty of many input parameters, (b) susceptibility to overfit the data, (c) lack of interpretability of their results, and (d) high computational expense. This dissertation provides new and simple mechanistic and statistical modeling tools suitable to improve the production analysis and forecasts of shale reservoirs. This work presents solutions to the following research problems. This study develops and applies a new two-phase (oil and gas) flow suitable to history-match and forecast production of tight-oil and gas-condensate reservoirs producing below bubble- and dew-point conditions, respectively. It solves flow equations in dimensionless form and uses only two scaling parameters (hydrocarbon in-place and characteristic time) to history-match production. For this reason, the model requires minimal time to run making it ideal for decline curve analysis on large numbers of wells. This research illustrates the development and application of a Bayesian framework that generates probabilistic production history matches and forecasts to address the uncertainty of model’s estimates. This work uses an adaptative Metropolis-Hastings Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to guarantee a fast convergence of the Markov chains by accounting for the correlation among model’s parameters. In addition, this study calibrates the model’s probabilistic estimates using hindcasting and evaluates the inferences robustness using posterior predictive checks. This dissertation examines the problem of evaluation, ranking and selection, and averaging of models for improved probabilistic production history-matching and forecasting. We illustrate the assessment of the predictive accuracy of four rate-time models using the expected log predictive density (elpd) accuracy metric along with cross-validation techniques (leave-one-out and leave-future-out). The elpd metric provides a measure of out-of-sample predictive accuracy of a model’s posterior distribution. The application of Pareto smoothed importance sampling (PSIS) allows to use cross-validation techniques without the need of refitting Bayesian models. Using the Bayesian Bootstrap, this work generates a model ensemble that weighs each individual model based on the accuracy of its predictions. Finally, this research applies a novel deconvolution technique to incorporate changing operating conditions into rate-time analysis of tight-oil and shale gas reservoirs. Furthermore, this work quantifies the errors and discusses the limitations of the standard rate-transient analysis technique used in production analysis of unconventional reservoirs: rate normalization and material balance time
Novel Probabilistic Based Framework For Improved History Matching Of Shale Gas Reservoirs
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Author : Francis Nzubechukwu Nwabia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Novel Probabilistic Based Framework For Improved History Matching Of Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Francis Nzubechukwu Nwabia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Hydraulic fracturing categories.
Hydraulically fractured horizontal wells are widely adopted for the development of tight or shale gas reservoirs. The presence of highly heterogeneous, multi-scale, fracture systems often renders any detailed characterization of the fracture properties challenging. The discrete fracture network (DFN) model offers a viable alternative for explicit representation of multiple fractures in the domain, where the comprising fracture properties are defined in accordance with specific probability distributions. However, even with the successful modelling of a DFN, the relationship between a set of fracture parameters and the corresponding production performance is highly nonlinear, implying that a robust history-matching workflow capable of updating the pertinent DFN model parameters is required for calibrating stochastic reservoir models to both geologic and dynamic production data. This thesis will develop an integrated approach for the history matching of hydraulically fractured reservoirs. First, multiple realizations of the DFN model are constructed with conditioning data based on available geological information such as seismic data, well logs, and rate transient analysis (RTA) interpretations, which are useful for inferring the prior probability distributions of relevant fracture parameters. A pilot point scheme and sequential indicator simulation are employed to update the distributions of fracture intensities which represent the abundance of secondary fractures (NFs) in the entire reservoir volume. Next, the model realizations are upscaled into an equivalent continuum dual-porosity dual-permeability model and subjected to numerical multiphase flow simulation. The predicted production performance is compared with the actual recorded responses. Finally, the DFN-model parameters are adjusted following an indicator-based probability perturbation method. Although the probability perturbation technique has been applied to update facies distributions in the past, its application in modeling DFN distributions is limited. An indicator formulation is proposed to account for the non-Gaussian nature of the DFN parameters. The algorithm aims at minimizing the objective function while reducing the uncertainties in the unknown fracture parameters. The novel probabilistic-based framework is applied to estimate the posterior probability distributions of transmissivity of the primary fracture (Tpf), transmissivity of the secondary induced fracture (Tsf) and secondary fracture intensity (Psf32L), secondary fracture aperture (re), length and height (L and H), in a multifractured shale gas well in the Horn River Basin. An initial realization of the DFN model is sampled from the prior probability distributions using the Monte Carlo simulation. These probability distributions are updated to match the production history, and multiple realizations of the DFN models are sampled from the updated (posterior) distributions accordingly. The key novelty in the developed probabilistic approach is that it accounts for the highly nonlinear relationships between fracture model parameters and the corresponding flow responses, and it yields an ensemble of DFN realizations calibrated to both static and dynamic data, as well as the related upscaled flow-simulation models. The results demonstrate the utility of the developed approach for estimating secondary fracture parameters, which are not inferable from other static information alone.
Improved Reservoir Models And Production Forecasting Techniques For Multi Stage Fractured Hydrocarbon Wells
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Author : Ruud Weijermars
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-12-12
Improved Reservoir Models And Production Forecasting Techniques For Multi Stage Fractured Hydrocarbon Wells written by Ruud Weijermars and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The massive increase in energy demand and the related rapid development of unconventional reservoirs has opened up exciting new energy supply opportunities along with new, seemingly intractable engineering and research challenges. The energy industry has primarily depended on a heuristic approach—rather than a systematic approach—to optimize and tackle the various challenges when developing new and improving the performance of existing unconventional reservoirs. Industry needs accurate estimations of well production performance and of the cumulative estimated ultimate reserves, accounting for uncertainty. This Special Issue presents 10 original and high-quality research articles related to the modeling of unconventional reservoirs, which showcase advanced methods for fractured reservoir simulation, and improved production forecasting techniques.
Comparison Of Single Double And Triple Linear Flow Models For Shale Gas Oil Reservoirs
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Author : Vartit Tivayanonda
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Comparison Of Single Double And Triple Linear Flow Models For Shale Gas Oil Reservoirs written by Vartit Tivayanonda and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
There have been many attempts to use mathematical method in order to characterize shale gas/oil reservoirs with multi-transverse hydraulic fractures horizontal well. Many authors have tried to come up with a suitable and practical mathematical model. To analyze the production data of a shale reservoir correctly, an understanding and choosing the proper mathematical model is required. Therefore, three models (the homogeneous linear flow model, the transient linear dual porosity model, and the fully transient linear triple porosity model) will be studied and compared to provide correct interpretation guidelines for these models. The analytical solutions and interpretation guidelines are developed in this work to interpret the production data of shale reservoirs effectively. Verification and derivation of asymptotic and associated equations from the Laplace space for dual porosity and triple porosity models are performed in order to generate analysis equations. Theories and practical applications of the three models (the homogeneous linear flow model, the dual porosity model, and the triple porosity model) are presented. A simplified triple porosity model with practical analytical solutions is proposed in order to reduce its complexity. This research provides the interpretation guidelines with various analysis equations for different flow periods or different physical properties. From theoretical and field examples of interpretation, the possible errors are presented. Finally, the three models are compared in a production analysis with the assumption of infinite conductivity of hydraulic fractures.