A Study Of Human Factors That Affect Combat Effectiveness On The Battlefield
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A Study Of Human Factors That Affect Combat Effectiveness On The Battlefield
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Author : Charles D. Marashian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
A Study Of Human Factors That Affect Combat Effectiveness On The Battlefield written by Charles D. Marashian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Combat categories.
This study was designed to provide empirical data which would show what relationship existed among nine human factors and combat effectiveness of soldiers on the battlefield. These human factors were: leadership, training, combat experience, perception of survival possibility, acceptance by the unit, fatigue, hunger, the ability to withstand fire, and a soldier's belief in what he was doing was right. The study focused upon a sample of fifty Army infantry battalion commanders within the continental United States who had served as small-unit combat leaders in Vietnam. Data was obtained by the use of a mailed survey. The respondents tended to agree that among all of the human factors, leadership was strongly related to combat effectiveness. Among the nine human factors, respondents felt that leadership and training were the most important human factors relating to combat effectiveness. The respondents commented extensively that cohesion, training, belief in what they were doing, and leadership were the main motivators behind the soldier's willingness to fight. (Author).
Human Factors Issues In Combat Identification
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Author : Robert P Herz
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-29
Human Factors Issues In Combat Identification written by Robert P Herz and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This edited book presents an array of approaches on how human factors theory and research addresses the challenges associated with combat identification. Special emphasis is placed on reducing human error that leads to fratricide, which is the unintentional death or injury of friendly personnel by friendly weapons during an enemy engagement. Although fratricide has been a concern since humans first engaged in combat operations, it gained prominence during the Persian Gulf War. To reduce fratricide, advances in technological approaches to enhance combat identification (e.g., Blue Force Tracker) should be coupled with the application of human factors principles to reduce human error. The book brings together a diverse group of authors from academic and military researchers to government contractors and commercial developers to provide a single volume with broad appeal. Human Factors Issues in Combat Identification is intended for the larger human factors community within academia, the military and other organizations that work with the military such as government contractors and commercial developers as well as others interested in combat identification issues including military personnel and policy makers.
Designing Soldier Systems
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Author : Dr Laurel Allender
language : en
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Release Date : 2013-01-28
Designing Soldier Systems written by Dr Laurel Allender and has been published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-28 with Science categories.
This book focuses on contemporary human factors issues within the design of soldier systems and describes how they are currently being investigated and addressed by the U.S. Army to enhance soldier performance and effectiveness. Designing Soldier Systems approaches human factors issues from three main perspectives. In the first section, Chapters 1-5 focus on complexity introduced by technology, its impact on human performance, and how issues are being addressed to reduce cognitive workload. In the second section, Chapters 6-10 concentrate on obstacles imposed by operational and environmental conditions on the battlefield and how they are being mitigated through the use of technology. The third section, Chapters 11-21, is dedicated to system design and evaluation including the tools, techniques and technologies used by researchers who design soldier systems to overcome human physical and cognitive performance limitations as well as the obstacles imposed by environmental and operations conditions that are encountered by soldiers. The book will appeal to an international multidisciplinary audience interested in the design and development of systems for military use, including defense contractors, program management offices, human factors engineers, human system integrators, system engineers, and computer scientists. Relevant programs of study include those in human factors, cognitive science, neuroscience, neuroergonomics, psychology, training and education, and engineering.
Tactical Display For Soldiers
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Author : Panel on Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1997-01-31
Tactical Display For Soldiers written by Panel on Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book examines the human factors issues associated with the development, testing, and implementation of helmet-mounted display technology in the 21st Century Land Warrior System. Because the framework of analysis is soldier performance with the system in the full range of environments and missions, the book discusses both the military context and the characteristics of the infantry soldiers who will use the system. The major issues covered include the positive and negative effects of such a display on the local and global situation awareness of the individual soldier, an analysis of the visual and psychomotor factors associated with each design feature, design considerations for auditory displays, and physical sources of stress and the implications of the display for affecting the soldier's workload. The book proposes an innovative approach to research and testing based on a three-stage strategy that begins in the laboratory, moves to controlled field studies, and culminates in operational testing.
Performance Under Stress
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Author : James L. Szalma
language : en
Publisher: Human Factors in Defence
Release Date : 2017-03-31
Performance Under Stress written by James L. Szalma and has been published by Human Factors in Defence this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-31 with categories.
The world is a dangerous place and recent events have served to make it less safe. There are many arenas of conflict and even combat across the world. Such situations are the quintessential expression of stress; you stand in imminent danger and live with the knowledge that you may be attacked, injured or even killed at any moment. How do people perform under these conditions? How do they keep a heightened level of vigilance when nothing may happen in their immediate location for weeks or even months? What happens when the bullets actually start flying? How is it you distinguish friend from foe, and each from innocent bystanders when in immediate peril of your life? Can we design technology to help people make good decisions in these ultimately hazardous situations? To what degree does your membership in a team act to dissipate these particular effects? Can we generate sufficiently stressful field exercises to simulate these conditions and can we train and/or select those most able to withstand such adverse conditions? How will the next generation of servicemen deal with these inherent problems? These are the sorts of questions that Performance Under Stress addresses. This book is derived largely from a multiple-year, multiple university initiative (MURI) on stress and soldier performance on the modern, electronic battlefield. It involved leading researchers from many institutions who have brought their individual expertise to bear on these crucial, contemporary concerns. United by a common research framework, these groups attacked the issue from different methodological and conceptual approaches, ranging from traditional laboratory modeling and experimentation, to realistic simulations; from involved field exercises to personal experiences of actual combat conditions. The insights generated have been distilled and presented as a benchmark of current understanding and provide future directions for research in this arena. Although this work focuses on soldier stress and soldier performance, the principles that are derived extend well beyond this single application. Their findings can be applied to people facing the demands of the business world or research as much as to those who meet life or death situations, such as homeland security, first responders, and law enforcement personnel.
The Impact Of Human Factors On Decision Making In Combat
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Author : James S. Couey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Impact Of Human Factors On Decision Making In Combat written by James S. Couey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Combat categories.
This thesis identifies those human factors which impact on a commander's decision in a tactical combat environment. Various models for categorization are discussed. The study argues that in order to establish clear causal/effect relationships between human factors and battle outcome, concentration of analytical research must focus on first order effects. Two categorical judgment surveys in the form of questionnaires are developed. Results from the surveys are transformed to interval scales. The first survey is exploratory in nature and allows respondents to apply 27 endogenous factors within a generic tactical context. The second survey presents four specific tactical scenarios in which the top seven factors identified in the first survey can be applied. Respondent selection for the first survey represented the four military services while respondent selection for the second survey was limited to Army officers. The study concludes that the top seven factors are: Leadership, Training/Experience, Initiative, Discipline, Cohesion, Morale, and Will/Motivation. The rank order and scaled magnitudes of these factors are found to be scenario dependent.
The Impact Of Human Factors On Decision Making In Combat
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Author : James S. Couey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Impact Of Human Factors On Decision Making In Combat written by James S. Couey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Combat categories.
This thesis identifies those human factors which impact on a commander's decision in a tactical combat environment. Various models for categorization are discussed. The study argues that in order to establish clear causal/effect relationships between human factors and battle outcome, concentration of analytical research must focus on first order effects. Two categorical judgment surveys in the form of questionnaires are developed. Results from the surveys are transformed to interval scales. The first survey is exploratory in nature and allows respondents to apply 27 endogenous factors within a generic tactical context. The second survey presents four specific tactical scenarios in which the top seven factors identified in the first survey can be applied. Respondent selection for the first survey represented the four military services while respondent selection for the second survey was limited to Army officers. The study concludes that the top seven factors are: Leadership, Training/Experience, Initiative, Discipline, Cohesion, Morale, and Will/Motivation. The rank order and scaled magnitudes of these factors are found to be scenario dependent.
Human Factors In Military Efficiency
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Author : Vannevar Bush
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1946
Human Factors In Military Efficiency written by Vannevar Bush and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1946 with Ability categories.
Proceedings Of The Military Operations Research Society Workshop Held In Alexandria Virginia On 27 29 Mar 90 Human Behavior And Performance As Essential Ingredients In Realistic Modeling Of Combat Morimoc Iii
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Proceedings Of The Military Operations Research Society Workshop Held In Alexandria Virginia On 27 29 Mar 90 Human Behavior And Performance As Essential Ingredients In Realistic Modeling Of Combat Morimoc Iii written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
This proceedings provides the results of this MORS Workshop convened to: (1) Develop understanding of the extent to which human performance and behavior affect combat and inputs to military decisions and (2) Define approaches to including human performance factors in modeling and analysis of combat so as to account for the influence of humans in assessing the battlefield effectiveness of military forces. Included are the reports of the five Working Groups, each assigned a specific problem in the following areas: (1) For which decision issues and at what levels are human performance factors essential ingredients to military decisions? (2) Develop understanding of human performance factors and data bases of such factors, including aggregation of such data and its validity. (3) How can historical combat data be used in modeling and analysis to provide effects of battle stressors on human performance and the impact on battle conduct? (4) Develop a plan by which behavioral sciences, human factors, and operations research efforts can be applied on efforts such as generation of needed human performance data and maIling such data usable in existing and future combat models. (5) Develop a conceptual approach to incorporating higher level behavioral factors in modeling/analysis to support decision issues. Include consideration of models driven by military objectives rather than attrition.
Human Factors In Tactical Nuclear Combat
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Author : Robert Vineberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965
Human Factors In Tactical Nuclear Combat written by Robert Vineberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Military psychiatry categories.
The general objectives of this study are to draw together information that may provide bases for predicting human behavior in nuclear warfare, to analyze this information for implications concerning possible preparation for such warfare, and to develop a means for estimating the psychological casualties that are likely to occur on the nuclear battlefield.