Abscission

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Abscission

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Author : Fredrick T. Addicott
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1982-01-01

Abscission written by Fredrick T. Addicott and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982-01-01 with Science categories.

Plant Organ Abscission From Models To Crops

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Author : Timothy J. Tranbarger
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-11-22

Plant Organ Abscission From Models To Crops written by Timothy J. Tranbarger and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-22 with categories.

Plant organ abscission is a developmental process regulated by the environment, stress, pathogens and the physiological status of the plant. In particular, seed and fruit abscission play an important role in seed dispersion and plant reproductive success and are common domestication traits with important agronomic consequences for many crop species. Indeed, in natural populations, shedding of the seed or fruit at the correct time is essential for reproductive success, while for crop species the premature or lack of abscission may be either beneficial or detrimental to crop productivity. The use of model plants, in particular Arabidopsis and tomato, have led to major advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying organ abscission, and now many workers pursue the translation of these advances to crop species. Organ abscission involves specialized cell layers called the abscission zone (AZ), where abscission signals are perceived and cell separation takes place for the organ to be shed. A general model for plant organ abscission includes (1) the differentiation of the AZ, (2) the acquisition of AZ cells to become competent to respond to various abscission signals, (3) response to signals and the activation of the molecular and cellular processes that lead to cell separation in the AZ and (4) the post-abscission events related to protection of exposed cells after the organ has been shed. While this simple four-phase framework is helpful to describe the abscission process, the exact mechanisms of each stage, the differences between organ types and amongst diverse species, and in response to different abscission inducing signals are far from elucidated. For an organ to be shed, AZ cells must transduce a multitude of both endogenous and exogenous signals that lead to transcriptional and cellular and ultimately cell wall modifications necessary for adjacent cells to separate. How these key processes have been adapted during evolution to allow for organ abscission to take place in different locations and under different conditions is unknown. The aim of the current proposal is to present and be able to compare recent results on our understanding of organ abscission from model and crop species, and to provide a basis to understand both the evolution of abscission in plants and the translation of advances with model plants for applications in crop species.

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nictiana

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Author : John Norman Kendall
language : en
Publisher: Velikovsky Press
Release Date : 2008-10-27

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nictiana written by John Norman Kendall and has been published by Velikovsky Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-27 with Medical categories.

A THESIS SUBEUTTED IN PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BY JOHN NORMAN KENDALL UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS IN BOTANY Vol . 5. No . 12. pp . 347.428. 10 text figs.. plates 49-53 Match 6. 1918 . ABSCISSION OF FLOWERS AND FRUITS IN THE SOLANACEAE. WITH SPECIAL REFER, ENCE TO ATICOZYAXA BY JOHK N . KEXDALL CONTEXTS I . Iutrodootion ..................................................................................... 348 11 . Summary of the literature ......-.........-.... ...... . ....................................... 350 IT1 . Technique . ................................ 361 TV . nistology and cytology of the pedioel ........................................................ 363 1 . Hjstological and cytological condition of thc mature pedieel ...... 363 2 . Development of the soparation eoue in Nicotiosa and Lycopet- . . simm - .................................................................................................... 367 3 . Increase in size ancl development of mechanical tissue in the pedicel of Nicotiana and Lgcopersicum . 369 8 . The process of abrrelssiou ............................................................................ 371 1 . General description of the proeesa in several genera .................... 371 2 . Method of cell separation .................................................................. 376 V3 . Abscission of the style and corolla 383 VII . Time of abscission ............................................................................................ 385 1 . Roaction time ........................................................................................ 385 2 . Abscission tiuie ...................................................................................... 396 V111 . Experimental intluetion of abscission . 397 1 . Induction by ilIuminating gas 397 2 . Action of aoids on the separation layer of Nicotiona .................. 404 3 . Tntluction by mechanical injury 406 4 . The ability of certain species to throw off yerlicels from which all the floral organs havo been rcmoved, as related to the induction af abscission by nechauic.al injury 410 IX . Summary ........................................................................................... 411 X . Conclusion .............................................................................................. 415 XI . Literature oited 418 . Plates ...........................................A 420 348 l, n.iversity of California Publieot.wns in Botathy VOL. 5 INTRODUCTION Although it is a matter of common observation that many plants arc capable of detaching portions of the body, the underlying cause and the actual mechanism which bring about such separation are only slightly understood. The process has often been described asv ke of self-pruning by which the plant rids itself of useless portions of its body. Since abscission is somctimes confused with exfoliation, it seems desirable here to distinguish definitely between thme two phenomena. It can BC said that, in general, exfoliation is preccded by drying and death of the part to be cast off and that actual separa- tion of the organ is accomplished by a mechanical break through dry, dead tissues. Abscission, on the other hand, is usually not preceded by drying and death of the organ concerned and its detachment is accomplished by a separation along thc plane of the middle lamellae of active living cells. Abscission may he either axial or lateral. Axial abscission includes the abscission of portions of stems, shook, entire flowem or fruits. Lateral abscission includes the abskssion of lcavcs, petioks, sepals, pctah or styles..

Plant Organ Abscission From Models To Crops

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017

Plant Organ Abscission From Models To Crops written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.

Plant organ abscission is a developmental process regulated by the environment, stress, pathogens and the physiological status of the plant. In particular, seed and fruit abscission play an important role in seed dispersion and plant reproductive success and are common domestication traits with important agronomic consequences for many crop species. Indeed, in natural populations, shedding of the seed or fruit at the correct time is essential for reproductive success, while for crop species the premature or lack of abscission may be either beneficial or detrimental to crop productivity. The use of model plants, in particular Arabidopsis and tomato, have led to major advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying organ abscission, and now many workers pursue the translation of these advances to crop species. Organ abscission involves specialized cell layers called the abscission zone (AZ), where abscission signals are perceived and cell separation takes place for the organ to be shed. A general model for plant organ abscission includes (1) the differentiation of the AZ, (2) the acquisition of AZ cells to become competent to respond to various abscission signals, (3) response to signals and the activation of the molecular and cellular processes that lead to cell separation in the AZ and (4) the post-abscission events related to protection of exposed cells after the organ has been shed. While this simple four-phase framework is helpful to describe the abscission process, the exact mechanisms of each stage, the differences between organ types and amongst diverse species, and in response to different abscission inducing signals are far from elucidated. For an organ to be shed, AZ cells must transduce a multitude of both endogenous and exogenous signals that lead to transcriptional and cellular and ultimately cell wall modifications necessary for adjacent cells to separate. How these key processes have been adapted during evolution to allow for organ abscission to take place in different locations and under different conditions is unknown. The aim of the current collection of articles is to present and be able to compare recent results on our understanding of organ abscission from model and crop species, and to provide a basis to understand both the evolution of abscission in plants and the translation of advances with model plants for applications in crop species.

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nicotiana

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Author : John Norman Kendall
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2018-02-10

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nicotiana written by John Norman Kendall and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-10 with Science categories.

Excerpt from Abscission of Flowers and Fruits in the Solanaceae, With Special Reference to Nicotiana: A Thesis Submitted in Partial Satisfaction of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of California Although it is a matter of common observation that many plants are capable of detaching portions of the body, the underlying cause and the actual mechanism which bring about such separation are only slightly understood. The process has often been described as' One Of self-pruning by which the plant rids itself of useless portions of its body. Since abscission is sometimes confused with exfoliation, it seems desirable here to distinguish definitely between these two phenomena. It can be said that, in general, exfoliation is preceded by drying and death of the part to be cast off and that actual separa tion of the organ is accomplished by a mechanical break through dry, dead tissues. Abscission, on the other hand, is usually not preceded by drying and death of the organ concerned and its detachment is accomplished by a separation along the plane of the middle lamellae of active living cells. Abscission may be either axial or lateral. Axial abscission includes the abscission of portions of stems, shoots, entire flowers or fruits. Lateral abscission includes the abscission of leaves, petioles, sepals, petals or styles. Considerable attention has been given by investi gators to the abscission of flowers because of the theoretical detriment to crops caused by the fall of the flower before the fruit is formed. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nicoltiana

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Author : John Norman Kendall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1918

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The Solanaceae With Special Reference To Nicoltiana written by John Norman Kendall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1918 with Plant cells and tissues categories.

An Assay On The Physiology Of Leaf Abscission

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Author : Robert Ying Hwang Hsu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1955

An Assay On The Physiology Of Leaf Abscission written by Robert Ying Hwang Hsu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1955 with Abscission (Botany) categories.

Molecular Aspects Of Fruit Abscission In Malus Domestica And Floral Organ Abscission In Arabidopsis Thaliana

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Author : Lingxia Sun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Molecular Aspects Of Fruit Abscission In Malus Domestica And Floral Organ Abscission In Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Lingxia Sun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Abscission (Botany) categories.

Leaf Abscission And The So Called Abscission Layer

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Author : Gawadi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1950

Leaf Abscission And The So Called Abscission Layer written by Gawadi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1950 with categories.

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The S O L A N A C E A E With Special Reference To N I C O T I A N A

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Author : John Norman Kendall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1918

Abscission Of Flowers And Fruits In The S O L A N A C E A E With Special Reference To N I C O T I A N A written by John Norman Kendall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1918 with Abscission (Botany) categories.