Abstraction
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Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems
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Author : Lorenza Saitta
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-05
Abstraction In Artificial Intelligence And Complex Systems written by Lorenza Saitta and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-05 with Computers categories.
Abstraction is a fundamental mechanism underlying both human and artificial perception, representation of knowledge, reasoning and learning. This mechanism plays a crucial role in many disciplines, notably Computer Programming, Natural and Artificial Vision, Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Art, and Cognitive Sciences. This book first provides the reader with an overview of the notions of abstraction proposed in various disciplines by comparing both commonalities and differences. After discussing the characterizing properties of abstraction, a formal model, the KRA model, is presented to capture them. This model makes the notion of abstraction easily applicable by means of the introduction of a set of abstraction operators and abstraction patterns, reusable across different domains and applications. It is the impact of abstraction in Artificial Intelligence, Complex Systems and Machine Learning which creates the core of the book. A general framework, based on the KRA model, is presented, and its pragmatic power is illustrated with three case studies: Model-based diagnosis, Cartographic Generalization, and learning Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models.
The Iconology Of Abstraction
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Author : Krešimir Purgar
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-06-15
The Iconology Of Abstraction written by Krešimir Purgar and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-15 with Art categories.
This book uncovers how we make meaning of abstraction, both historically and in present times, and examines abstract images as a visual language. The contributors demonstrate that abstraction is not primarily an artistic phenomenon, but rather arises from human beings’ desire to imagine, understand and communicate complex, ineffable concepts in fields ranging from fine art and philosophy to technologies of data visualization, from cartography and medicine to astronomy. The book will be of interest to scholars working in image studies, visual studies, art history, philosophy and aesthetics.
Aristotle S Theory Of Abstraction
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Author : Allan Bäck
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-07-02
Aristotle S Theory Of Abstraction written by Allan Bäck and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-02 with Philosophy categories.
This book investigates Aristotle’s views on abstraction and explores how he uses it. In this work, the author follows Aristotle in focusing on the scientific detail first and then approaches the metaphysical claims, and so creates a reconstructed theory that explains many puzzles of Aristotle’s thought. Understanding the details of his theory of relations and abstraction further illuminates his theory of universals. Some of the features of Aristotle’s theory of abstraction developed in this book include: abstraction is a relation; perception and knowledge are types of abstraction; the objects generated by abstractions are relata which can serve as subjects in their own right, whereupon they can appear as items in other categories. The author goes on to look at how Aristotle distinguishes the concrete from the abstract paronym, how induction is a type of abstraction which typically moves from the perceived individuals to universals and how Aristotle’s metaphysical vocabulary is "relational.’ Beyond those features, this work also looks at how of universals, accidents, forms, causes and potentialities have being only as abstract aspects of individual substances. An individual substance is identical to its essence; the essence has universal features but is the singularity making the individual substance what it is. These theories are expounded within this book. One main attraction in working out the details of Aristotle’s views on abstraction lies in understanding his metaphysics of universals as abstract objects. This work reclaims past ground as the main philosophical tradition of abstraction has been ignored in recent times. It gives a modern version of the medieval doctrine of the threefold distinction of essence, made famous by the Islamic philosopher, Avicenna.
Studies In Reflecting Abstraction
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Author : Jean Piaget
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-04-04
Studies In Reflecting Abstraction written by Jean Piaget and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-04 with Psychology categories.
This translation of the French Recherches sur l'abstraction reflechissante (1977), make available in English Piaget's only treatise on reflecting abstraction - a process he came to attribute considerable importance to in his later thinking and which he believed to be responsible for many of the advances that take place in human development, especially our understanding of mathematics. Rich with empirical research on reflecting abstraction at work in the thinking of 4 to 12 year olds, the studies in this volume examine its role in many contexts of cognitive development such as: reasoning about mathematics; forming analogies; putting objects in order by size and comparing the resulting series; and navigating through a wire maze. His theoretical discussions explore the relationships between reflecting abstraction and other central processes in his later theory, such as generalization, becoming conscious, and equilibration, as the differentiation of possibilities and their integration into necessities. These discussions indicate which aspects of his later theorizing were settled and which require further thought and investigation. Studies in Reflecting Abstraction will be of interest to developmental and cognitive psychologists, educationalists, philosophers and anyone who seeks to understand human knowledge and its development.
Discovering Creativity
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Author : Stanley S. Gryskiewicz
language : en
Publisher: Center for Creative Leadership
Release Date : 1993
Discovering Creativity written by Stanley S. Gryskiewicz and has been published by Center for Creative Leadership this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
The conference proceedings contain the following papers: "Hard Organizational Development" (Anthony); "Positive Impact of Humor in the Workplace or TQM (Total Quality Mirth) in Organizations" (Collier); "Introducing the Integrated Programme for the Creative Training of Leaders" (Diaz-Carrera); "Vision of Quality versus the Quality Vision" (Green); "Flying High" (Musselwhite); "COMM=Unity" (Rose); "Seven Levels of Change Model" (Smith); "Creative Community Development" (Chwedorowicz); "Managing Diversity in Communication and Problem Solving with Effective Levels of Abstraction" (Murdock); "Entrepreneurs" (Rosenfeld et al.); "Learnings from Selection" (Tassoul); "Fire This Time" (Barnes); "Creating Breakthroughs in Organizations" (Collier); "Process Explorations with Cyberquest" (Dickey, DiDomizio); "Hypermedia System for Discovery and Innovation Support" (Dickey et al.); "Teaching Creativity by Distance Learning Methods" (Jones); "Change as a Creative Catalyst" (Miguez); "Learning to Create Shared Vision" (Musselwhite, De Ciantis); "'What I Tell Two Times Is True'" (Cimino); "Touchstone" (De Ciantis); "Art and Discipline of Debriefing" (Lunken); "Leadership Development Theory and a Model for Intervention in the Development of Leaders" (Palus, Drath); "Risk-taking and Innovation Performance" (Prather); "Work Environment Differences between High Creativity and Low Creativity Projects" (Amabile et al.); "Discovering the Unseen Leader" (Burkhart, Horth); "Introducing a Creativity Improvement Program for the Federal Express I.S. Organization" (Couger et al.);"Creativity in Project Work" (Ekvall); "MBTI [Myers-Briggs Type Indicator] and KAI [Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory] Bias on Creativity Courses" (Henry); "Inquiry into Cross-cultural Creativity Training" (Isaksen, Dorval); "Dynamic Nature of Creative Problem Solving" (Isaksen et al.); "Profiling Creativity" (Isaksen, Puccio); "New Insights into Different Styles of Creativity" (Jones); "Managing Creative People at Work" (McWhinney); "World of Ideas" (Morgan); "Bridging Theory and Practice" (Murdock et al.); "Critical Thinking" (Novelli, Taylor); "Creating Together" (Possne); "Relationship between the KAI and the MBTI Creativity Index" (Taylor); "Creativity East and West" (Wonder); "Creativity Research at the Delft Institute of Technology" (Buijs, Nauta); "On Becoming a Facilitator" (Buijs, Nauta); "Innovation in the U.S. Military" (Clauson); "Creating an Innovation Course in a Large Corporation" (Jimenez); "Promoting Targeted Innovation in Japan through R&D [Research and Development] Division Liaison between Different Industries" (Kurebayashi); "Developing Creativity in Japanese Companies" (Nakazono); and "Innovative and Creative Change" (Tanner). (KC)
Inventing Abstraction 1910 1925
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Author : Leah Dickerman
language : en
Publisher: The Museum of Modern Art
Release Date : 2012
Inventing Abstraction 1910 1925 written by Leah Dickerman and has been published by The Museum of Modern Art this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Art categories.
This book explores the development of abstraction from the moment of its declaration around 1912 to its establishment as the foundation of avant-garde practice in the mid-1920s. The book brings together many of the most influential works in abstractions early history to draw a cross-media portrait of this watershed moment in which traditional art was reinvented in a wholesale way. Works are presented in groups that serve as case studies, each engaging a key topic in abstractions first years: an artist, a movement, an exhibition or thematic concern. Key focal points include Vasily Kandinskys ambitious Compositions V, VI and VII; a selection of Piet Mondrians work that offers a distilled narrative of his trajectory to Neo-plasticism; and all the extant Suprematist pictures that Kazimir Malevich showed in the landmark 0.10 exhibition in 1915.0Exhibition: MoMA, New York, USA (23.12.2012-15.4.2013).
Forming Abstraction
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Author : Adele Nelson
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2022-01-04
Forming Abstraction written by Adele Nelson and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-04 with Art categories.
Art produced outside hegemonic centers is often seen as a form of derivation or relegated to a provisional status. Forming Abstraction turns this narrative on its head. In the first book-length study of postwar Brazilian art and culture, Adele Nelson highlights the importance of exhibitionary and pedagogical institutions in the development of abstract art in Brazil. By focusing on the formation of the São Paulo Biennial in 1951; the early activities of artists Geraldo de Barros, Lygia Clark, Waldemar Cordeiro, Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Pape, and Ivan Serpa; and the ideas of critics like Mário Pedrosa, Nelson illuminates the complex, strategic processes of citation and adaption of both local and international forms. The book ultimately demonstrates that Brazilian art institutions and abstract artistic groups—and their exhibitions of abstract art in particular—served as crucial loci for the articulation of societal identities in a newly democratic nation at the onset of the Cold War.
Idealization Xi Historical Studies On Abstraction And Idealization
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-08-29
Idealization Xi Historical Studies On Abstraction And Idealization written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-29 with Philosophy categories.
Discussions about abstraction are so important and so profound that this topic can hardly be neglected. It has inevitably cropped up again in various periods of philosophical enquiry. Despite these ancient roots and after the great debate that characterised the empirical and rationalistic tradition, interest in the problem has unfortunately been absent in large measure from the mainstream of mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. It seems that there is a gap between the epistemological theorization, in which it is difficult to find new insights on the problem of abstraction, and the historical studies concerning the development of philosophical thought. Such studies, however, present a more fertile ground for such insights. Here the reader will find presented for the first time a collection of papers about the topic, considered from an historical point of view together with an awareness of the need for building a bridge between historical research and theoretical speculation. Accordingly the volume consists of both general overviews which sketch the signifcance and the fortunes of abstraction in science, philosophy and logic (the first part) and historical case studies which focus on abstraction in particular thinkers (the second part). This volume is of interest for both general philosophers and historians of philosophy.
Abstraction And Infinity
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Author : Paolo Mancosu
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Abstraction And Infinity written by Paolo Mancosu and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Mathematics categories.
Mancosu offers an original investigation of key notions in mathematics: abstraction and infinity, and their interaction. He gives a historical analysis of the theorizing of definitions by abstraction, and explores a novel approach to measuring the size of infinite sets, showing how this leads to deep mathematical and philosophical problems.
Software Abstractions
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Author : Daniel Jackson
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012
Software Abstractions written by Daniel Jackson and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Computers categories.
An approach to software design that introduces a fully automated analysis giving designers immediate feedback, now featuring the latest version of the Alloy language. In Software Abstractions Daniel Jackson introduces an approach to software design that draws on traditional formal methods but exploits automated tools to find flaws as early as possible. This approach—which Jackson calls “lightweight formal methods” or “agile modeling”—takes from formal specification the idea of a precise and expressive notation based on a tiny core of simple and robust concepts but replaces conventional analysis based on theorem proving with a fully automated analysis that gives designers immediate feedback. Jackson has developed Alloy, a language that captures the essence of software abstractions simply and succinctly, using a minimal toolkit of mathematical notions. This revised edition updates the text, examples, and appendixes to be fully compatible with Alloy 4.