Adsorptive Removal Of Heavy Metals From Groundwater By Iron Oxide Based Adsorbents
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Adsorptive Removal Of Heavy Metals From Groundwater By Iron Oxide Based Adsorbents
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Author : Valentine Uwamariya
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-03-19
Adsorptive Removal Of Heavy Metals From Groundwater By Iron Oxide Based Adsorbents written by Valentine Uwamariya and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-19 with Science categories.
In general, groundwater is a preferred source of drinking water because of its convenient availability and its constant and good quality. However this source is vulnerable to contamination by several substances. Acceptable quality limits relative to micropollutant contents in drinking water are becoming increasingly lower and efficient elimination treatment processes are being implemented in order to meet these requirements. Metals contaminants at low concentration are difficult to remove from water. Chemical precipitation and other methods become inefficient when contaminants are present in trace concentrations and the process of adsorption is one of the few alternatives available for such situations. This book describes the adsorption method in the removal of selected heavy metals present as cations (Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+) or oxyanions (Cr(VI) and As(V)) using iron oxide coated sand (IOCS) and granular ferric hydroxide (GFH). The effects of pH, natural organic matter (fulvic acid (FA)) and interfering ions (PO43-, Ca2+) on the adsorption efficiency were also assessed. The sorption reactions that take place at the surface of the adsorbent were also described through the surface complexation modelling for Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ adsorption. Batch adsorption tests and rapid small scale column tests (RSST) were used as laboratory methods.
Adsorptive Iron Removal From Groundwater
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Author : Sharoz Kumar Sharma
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-05-31
Adsorptive Iron Removal From Groundwater written by Sharoz Kumar Sharma and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A pilot study conducted at the Gilze water treatment plant of Water Supply North West Brabant demonstrated that adsorptive filtration has several potential advantages over floc filtration, namely: longer filter runs due to slower head loss development; better filtrate quality; shorter ripening time; and less backwash water use. In existing groundwater treatment plants, the high iron (II) adsorption capacity of the iron oxide coated filter media makes it potentially possible to switch the governing mode of operation from floc filtration to adsorptive filtration. To achieve this two options can be considered: iron (II) adsorption under anoxic conditions followed by oxidation with oxygen-rich water; and adsorption of iron (II) in the presence of oxygen and simultaneous oxidation. The first option might be attractive specifically when two filtration steps are available.
Heavy Metals Adsorption
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Author : Ajay Kumar Goswami
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-11-07
Heavy Metals Adsorption written by Ajay Kumar Goswami and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-07 with Science categories.
The book reviews the state-of-the art methods developed and used to remove heavy metals. It presents both industrial waste and mineral based adsorbent as well as bio waste materials making the book absolutely a source of low cost methods available till date.
Application Of Mixed Iron Oxides In Subsurface Remediation Technologies
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Author : Saidur Rahman Chowdhury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Application Of Mixed Iron Oxides In Subsurface Remediation Technologies written by Saidur Rahman Chowdhury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Heavy metal contamination of soil and groundwater has been a concern in water supply and public health in many countries where the water supply system draws primarily from groundwater. In the present study, mixed maghemite-magnetite nanoparticles have been used as adsorbents for Cr(VI), As and Cd(II) removal. From the study, it is apparent that the removal of Cr(VI), Cd(II) and As(V) by mixed iron oxide nanoparticles depends on pH, temperature, contact time, solid/liquid ratio and initial concentration of heavy metals. The results showed that Cr(VI) adsorption on mixed maghemite-magnetite was dependent on solution pH between 3 and 6. Theoretical multiplet analyses in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study showed that during Cr adsorption, the amount of maghemite increased from 70 to 89%. Fe(II) was transformed into Fe(III) by the redox reaction and Cr(VI) species were reduced to Cr(III) species. In arsenic removal study, it was found that the percent of maghemite also increased for As(V) and As(III) adsorption. At the same time, the percentage of magnetite was reduced for both cases. Thus, a redox reaction occurred on the mixed magnetite-magheamite surface when arsenic was introduced. In cadmium removal study, adsorption capacity of mixed magh emite- magnetite for Cd(II) ions increased with an increase in the pH of the adsorbate solution. The results showed that 0.8 g/L of 20-60 nm maghemite-magnetite particles removed up to 1.5 mg/L Cd. The XPS surveys confirmed that As, Cr(VI) and Cd(II) ions may undergo oxidation-reduction reactions upon exposure to mixed maghemite-magnetite, or may be fixed by complexation to the oxygen atoms in the oxyhydroxy groups. The investigation of transport and chemical states analysis during a rsenic removal by monolith slag from nickel smelting revealed that slag was efficient in arsenic removal, attaining equilibrium sorption capacities in the range of 1000-1054 g/g for an initial arsenic concentration of C 0 = 10 mg/L. Column studies showed the sorption of arsenic by smelter slag (a waste material) was complex and involved both c hemisorption and physical sorption. Sorption capacities for As(V) were significantly higher for Ni smelter slag. Raman spectroscopy and XPS results demonstrate that the As reacted with a large proportion of the slag in the experiment. Thus, further investigation woul d be necessary to evaluate the applicability of mixed iron oxide loaded particles for subsurface remediation at field scale.
Green Adsorbents To Remove Metals Dyes And Boron From Polluted Water
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Author : Inamuddin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-31
Green Adsorbents To Remove Metals Dyes And Boron From Polluted Water written by Inamuddin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-31 with Science categories.
This book reviews adsorption techniques to clean wastewater, with focus on pollution by dyes and heavy metals. Advanced adsorbents include carbon nanomaterials, biomass, cellulose, polymers, clay, composites and chelating materials.
Adsorptive Removal Of Arsenic And Chromium From Two California Groundwater Sources Using Rapid Small Scale Column Tests
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Author : Andrew Ryan Schmalenbach
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Adsorptive Removal Of Arsenic And Chromium From Two California Groundwater Sources Using Rapid Small Scale Column Tests written by Andrew Ryan Schmalenbach and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
At the federal level, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) started enforcing a maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 [mu]g/L arsenic in public water systems in 2006, down from 50 [mu]g/L. As of July 1st, 2014 the state of California started enforcing a 10 [mu]g/L MCL for hexavalent chromium, formerly 50 [mu]g/L total chromium. These changes have sparked increased demand for cost effective treatment technologies for these contaminants, which has in turn driven research in the field. Iron oxide adsorbents are an established treatment method for arsenic removal, but have not been proven effective in treating chromium. Despite extensive documentation on the effectiveness of treating arsenic with iron oxide adsorbents, variations in source water qualities result in bed lifespans that must be estimated on a case-by-case basis. Scaled down adsorption tests that can be completed in 2-4 weeks, known as rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs), were used to conduct two studies. In one study, an established arsenic adsorbent (E-33) was subjected via RSSCT to a particular arsenic contaminated groundwater to quantify its removal capacity for that water source. In another study, a new and largely untested iron oxide adsorbent (E-33 HC) was tested in an RSSCT with chromium contaminated groundwater to measure its effectiveness for chromium removal. E-33 treated approximately 15,000 bed volumes of source water in the first study. The second study indicated that E-33 HC was not effective in removing chromium from the source water tested.
Adsorbent Treatment Technologies For Arsenic Removal
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Author : Gary L. Amy
language : en
Publisher: American Water Works Association
Release Date : 2005
Adsorbent Treatment Technologies For Arsenic Removal written by Gary L. Amy and has been published by American Water Works Association this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Nature categories.
Accompanying CD-ROM includes Excel document "Arsenic adsorbent design and costing tool".
Arsenic Removal From Contaminated Groundwater
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Author : Sirshendu De
language : en
Publisher: The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Arsenic Removal From Contaminated Groundwater written by Sirshendu De and has been published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Contamination of groundwater with arsenic is being considered a pervasive and critical issue in recent years. Large areas in India, Bangladesh, South East Asia, and other parts of the world are suffering from this problem. Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater presents a comprehensive discussion on various important issues, including state-of-the-art arsenic removal technologies, preparation and performance analysis of laterite, and scale-up issues and design of a household filter. It also expounds the potentiality of raw laterite and treated laterite as low-cost arsenic adsorbents. The efficiency of adsorbent capacity is evaluated using real arsenic contaminated groundwater collected from an affected area in West Bengal, India. The topic is an emerging area and most of the work presented has the potential of field application.
Metal Organic Frameworks For Wastewater Contaminant Removal
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Author : Arun Lal Srivastav
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-08-22
Metal Organic Frameworks For Wastewater Contaminant Removal written by Arun Lal Srivastav and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-22 with Science categories.
Metal Organic Frameworks for Wastewater Contaminant Removal Discover a groundbreaking new wastewater decontamination technology The removal of wastewater contaminants is a key aspect of the water cycle, allowing water to be fed safely back into circulation within a given ecosystem. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of porous materials which can reversibly bind and sequester both metal ions and potentially harmful organic substances, giving them a potentially crucial role in the targeted removal of wastewater contaminants. They may also enable significant cost and energy savings over now-conventional ion exchangers in water treatment plants. Metal Organic Frameworks for Wastewater Contaminant Removal provides an accessible, practical guide to the development, evaluation, and potential applications of MOFs in maintaining the water cycle. It begins with an overview of the major metallic and non-metallic contaminants found in wastewater and their interactions with major MOF-based materials, before moving to the challenges and opportunities provided by MOFs in the pursuit of a sustainable, energy-efficient water cycle. The result is a groundbreaking resource in the ever-expanding global fight to keep water clean and safe. Metal Organic Frameworks for Wastewater Contaminant Removal readers will also find: MOF technology and its water treatment applications discussed in depth for the first time in a major publication Comparison with existing decontamination technologies and environmental risk assessment Applications for environmental as well as industrial toxicants based on recent research and on case studies Metal Organic Frameworks for Wastewater Contaminant Removal is indispensable for water chemists, chemical engineers, environmental chemists, and for any researchers or industry professionals working with water decontamination technologies.
Rapid Small Scale Column Tests Of Metal Based Adsorbent Media For Arsenic Removal From Groundwater Sources In California
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Author : Jacqueline Pui Yun Chin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Rapid Small Scale Column Tests Of Metal Based Adsorbent Media For Arsenic Removal From Groundwater Sources In California written by Jacqueline Pui Yun Chin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lowered the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic in drinking water in 2001, effective January 2006, from 50 micrograms per liter ([mu]g/L) to 10 [mu]g/L resulting in increased development of arsenic removal technologies. Water systems throughout the U.S., in particular small water systems, have found it difficult to meet this MCL with the resources they have. The EPA has created a series of documents to assist these systems in choosing a cost-effective water treatment technology with recommendations for adsorption technology. When deciding on adsorption technology, there is a plethora of adsorbent media to select from, such that costs will vary drastically from one media to the other. In this work, four metal-based iron hydroxides (granular ferric hydroxide, Bayoxide E33 goethite, Metsorb G titanium dioxide, and NXT-2 lanthanum hydroxide) were compared using rapid small scale column tests (RSSCT). The RSSCTs were conducted with three groundwater sources from select communities in the Central Valley region of California to determine impacts on arsenic adsorption capacity. The breakthrough curves from the RSSCTs were used to approximate the cost of adsorption treatment with respect to replacing adsorbent media. The results of this work suggest Bayoxide E33 may be the cost effective treatment option for the small water systems that were evaluated. Interferences in effective arsenic removal include phosphorus, silica, high arsenic concentrations, low alkalinity, and high pH. The RSSCTs completed for Manteca groundwater supplies were packed with Bayoxide E33 and validated the dependence of arsenic adsorption capacity on pH, phosphorus, arsenic, and alkalinity.