Agro Climatic Analysis Using Water Balance
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Agro Climatic Analysis Using Water Balance
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Author : Tammi Naidu Guntreddi
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2014-08-27
Agro Climatic Analysis Using Water Balance written by Tammi Naidu Guntreddi and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-27 with categories.
Water balance is one of the techniques in modern climatic and hydrological studies, in which the climatic elements such as solar radiation, temperature and rainfall are used to evaluate various hydrological elements namely water need, water supply, soil moisture storage, water surplus and water deficit of a region. These water balance elements enable to evaluate a proper agricultural planning of that area. In addition, water balance is a single tool with multiple applications which helps in assessing normal climate of a particular region and its stability, identification of extreme wet and dry years, identification of drought years based on their intensity, duration and spatial spread and assessment of crop suitability of the region. Water balance is a useful tool for the preparation of crop calendar of a particular region and suggestive changes in cropping pattern based on the existing moisture status conditions.
Drought Prediction Under Different Agro Climatic Zones
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Author : Mohan Lal Jat
language : en
Publisher: Daya Books
Release Date : 2007
Drought Prediction Under Different Agro Climatic Zones written by Mohan Lal Jat and has been published by Daya Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Drought forecasting categories.
One Of The Most Important Necessities In The Economic Development Of The Country Is Sufficient Agriculture Production For Food Security For Growing Population. India Covers Nearly 2/3Rd Area As Rainfed Area, Which Necessitates The Prediction Of Drought And Its Management For Enhancing The Production. These Aspects Are Well Covered In This Text Book. There Are Eight Chapters In The Book Which Includes Drought Prediction, Management Of Drought Through Crop Planning Based On Rainfall, Water Balance And Drought Analysis With Suitable Example From The State Of Rajasthan. The Present Book Contains The Basic Knowledge On The Concept Of Drought And Recent Techniques Of Drought Management Which Would Be A Ready Recknor Reference For Students Of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural, Physics And Environment Sciences As Well. It May Also Serve As A Guide Book For The Persons Engaged In Ngo S, In Agricultural Extension Activities And Those In Rural Areas For Short And Long Agricultural Planning, Crop Early Warning And The Drought Proofing In Agriculture. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction; General Description Of The Study Area, Location Of The Study Area, Agro Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan State, Arid Western Plain Zone (I-A), Irrigated North Western Plain Zone (I-B), Transitional Plain Of Inland Drainage Zone (Ii-A), Transitional Plain Of Luni Basin Zone (Ii-B), Semi-Arid Eastern Plain Zone (Iii-A), Flood Prone Eastern Plain Zone (Iii-B), Sub Humid Southern Plain Zone (Iv-A), Humid Southern Plain Zone (Iv-B), Humid South Eastern Plain Zone (V), Collection Of Meteorological And Soil Data; Chapter 2: Rainfall Pattern; Introduction, Types Of Models, Determination Of Start And Snd Of Rainy Season By Forward And Backward Accumulation, Incomplete Gamma Distribution For Assured Rainfall Analysis, Estimation Of Rainfall Probalities By Markov Chanin Process, Discussion, Analysis Of Rainfall Pattern Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Annual Rainfall, Seasonal Rainfall, Weekly Rainfall, Characteristics Of Rainy Season, Start Of The Rainy Season, End Of The Rainy Season, Length Of The Rainy Season, Dry And Wet Spell Analysis, Initial And Conditional Probability, Probable Period Of Occurrence Of Two Consecutive Dry Weeks, Probability Of Occurrence Of Weekly Rainfall; Chapter 3: Water Balance; Introduction, Reference Evapotranspiration, Procedure For Computing The Water Balance, Discussion, Reference Evapotranspiration Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Annual Reference Evapotranspiration, Weekly Reference Evapotranspiration, Moisture Status Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Annual Moisture Status, Meriditional Variation Of Moisture Status In Rajasthan, Weekly Moisture Status, Mean Aridity Index And Drought Index Factor, Climatic Shifts Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Surplus Water Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan; Chapter 4: Definition And Classification Of Drought; Introduction, Metrological Drought, Hydrological Drought, Agricultural Drought, Spread Of Drought, Procedure For Evaluation, Assessment And Spread Of Drought, Evaluation Of Drought, Assessment Of Duration And Severity Of Drought, Determination Of Climate Shifts, Determination Of Spread Of Drought Discussion, Evaluation, Assessment And Spread Of Drought Under Different Agro-Climatic Condition Of Rajasthan, Evaluation Of Drought, Assessment Of Duration And Severity Of Drought In Rajasthan, Spread Of Drought Over Rajasthan During The Severe Drought Year 1987; Chapter 5: Frequency Analysis Of Drought; Introduction, Frequency Distribution Of Water Deficit, Gumbel Distribution, Log Normal Distribution, Log Pearson Type Iii Distribution, Selection Of Frequency Distribution, Discussion, Frequency Analysis Of Water Deficit Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Frequency Analysis Of Water Deficit By Weibulls Method, Frequency Analysis Of Water Deficit By Different Probability Distributions; Chapter 6: Stochastic Modeling Of Drought; Introduction, Formulation Of Stochastic Model For Water Deficit, Stochastic Behavior Of Time Series, Serial Correlation Coefficient, Stochastic Model, Trend Component, Periodic Component, Stochastic Component, Diagnostic Checking Of The Model, Validation Of Stochastic Model, Discussion, Stochastic Modeling Of Water Deficit Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones Of Rajasthan, Behaviour Of Water Deficit Time Series, Coefficient Of Variation, Serial Correlation Coefficient, Trend Component, Periodic Component, Selection Of Significant Harmonics, Parameters Of Periodic Component, Stochastic Component, Estimation Of Autoregressive Parameters, Selectionf Of Model Of Order, Mathematical Representation Of Stochastic Component, Residual Series Of Stochastic Component, Model Structure, Diagnostic Checking Of Formulated Water Deficit Model, Sum Of Square Analysis, Serial Correlation Analysis, Validation Of Stochastic Model Of Water Deficit; Chapter 7: Crop Planning On The Basis Of Rainfall Analysis And Water Balance; Introduction, Selection Of Crops And Cropping System Under Different Agro-Climatic Zone Of Rajasthan, Discussion, Crop Planning Under Different Agro-Climatic Zone Of Rajasthan, Length Of Growing Season, Choice Of Crops And Cropping System, Crop Planning. Chapter 8: Summary And Conclusions.
The Impacts Of Climate Change On Regional Water Resources And Agriculture In Africa
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Author : Kenneth M. Strzepek
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007
The Impacts Of Climate Change On Regional Water Resources And Agriculture In Africa written by Kenneth M. Strzepek and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
This paper summarizes the methods and findings of the hydrological assessment component of the project studying likely impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in Africa. The first phase of the study used a version of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model called WatBal (Water Balance) applied to gridded data to simulate changes in soil moisture and runoff across the whole continent of Africa rather than to any particular catchment or water resource system. The model inputs were the climate variables of the 1961-90 climatology and physiological parameters (such as soil properties and land use) derived from global datasets for each of the 0.5 degree latitude/longitude cells across the continent. The primary model output comprised a time series (monthly time step) of simulated runoff for all the grid cells for each of the districts in the countries of interest. The second phase of the study extended the hydrology analyses to update the above hydroclimatic series to the year 2000 using updated input data. To ascertain the possible impacts of climate change within the districts being investigated this study used synthetic or GCM-based climate change scenarios as input to the WatBal model. The WatBal model was used to determine the impact of these different scenarios on runoff and actual evaporation and hence flow in the districts under study. The generated hydroclimatic series and scenario analyses were used as inputs into various Ricardian regressions in other analyses measuring likely impacts of climate change on the agricultural economies of Africa.
Water Resources Management In The Face Of Climatic Hydrologic Uncertainties
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Author : Zdzislaw Kaczmarek
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-04-30
Water Resources Management In The Face Of Climatic Hydrologic Uncertainties written by Zdzislaw Kaczmarek and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-04-30 with Science categories.
This text is the first international and comprehensive discussion of the impacts of climatic fluctuations and climate change on water resources management. The book presents an overview of the impacts of climatic change/fluctuations on a wide variety of water resources sectors including river runoff, water quality, water temperature, water use and demand, reservoir management and water resource planning and management. The book is unique in that it then presents a series of case studies to both demonstrate the application of climate change impact assessment methodologies and to provide insights to catchment, river basin, and national scale impacts of climate change/fluctuations on the water resources of Africa, Europe, and North America. Audience: Researchers, scholars and students of hydrology and water management who are concerned with the issues of climate change as well as the climate change impact assessment community.
Climate Water And Agriculture In The Tropics
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Author : Ian Joseph Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Longman Publishing Group
Release Date : 1989
Climate Water And Agriculture In The Tropics written by Ian Joseph Jackson and has been published by Longman Publishing Group this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Agriculture categories.
Providing an analysis of tropical rainfall and evaporation, this student text has been revised and updated to include sections on rainfall variability, forest cover, the effects of grazing, land-use, soil erosion and irrigation. The book also examines the impact of man on the hydrological cycle.
Understanding Climate Change Impacts On Crop Productivity And Water Balance
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Author : S. K. Jalota
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-02-19
Understanding Climate Change Impacts On Crop Productivity And Water Balance written by S. K. Jalota and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-19 with Science categories.
Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity and Water examines the greenhouse gas emissions and their warming effect, climate change projections, crop productivity and water. The book explores the most important greenhouse gases that influence the climate system, technical terms associated with climate projections, and the different mechanisms impacting crop productivity and water balance. Adaptive and mitigative strategies are proposed to cope with negative effects of climate change in particular domains. This book will help researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants. Uncovers links between climate change and its impact on crop and water outputs Integrates information on greenhouse gas cycles and mathematical equations into climate/crop models for analysis and seasonal prediction systems Provides strategies for efficient resource management and sustainable crop production in future Helps researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants
Climate And Agriculture
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Author : Jen-hu Chang
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-13
Climate And Agriculture written by Jen-hu Chang and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-13 with Science categories.
This summary of what is known about microclimatic environments and the effects of climate on plant growth presents a comprehensive statement on the complex relationship between climate and agriculture. The author covers the theory and data of modern physical geography, meteorology, and agronomy within the context of contemporary ecological analysis to produce a book invaluable not only to the student and research worker but also one that deals for the first time with the application of theory to real problems of energy budgets and water balance for the practical agronomist.
Analysis And Modelling Of Water Supply And Demand Under Climate Change Land Use Transformation And Socio Economic Development
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Author : Katharina Fricke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-12
Analysis And Modelling Of Water Supply And Demand Under Climate Change Land Use Transformation And Socio Economic Development written by Katharina Fricke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-12 with Science categories.
Located in a narrow grassland corridor between the semi-desert and a mountain range in Northwest China, the research area Urumqi Region is despite its semi-arid climate in a relatively favourable hydrological situation. The nearby mountains provide water for settlements and agriculture, making human development possible in the first place. Due to the development of agriculture, population and economy during the last sixty years and the increasing water consumption, a demand- and population-driven water scarcity exists today and is expected to aggravate. At the same time, the effects of climate change and land use transformations on the hydrological system and the water availability are uncertain. This study evaluates the recent and future situation by combining a hydrological water balance model for the simulation of the water supply based on scenarios of climate and land use change with a socio-economic model for projecting the future water demand including predicted growth of population and economy.
Handbook On Climate Information For Farming Communities What Farmers Need And What Is Available
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2019-05-31
Handbook On Climate Information For Farming Communities What Farmers Need And What Is Available written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-31 with Science categories.
The content of this guide is twofold: to describe the most important weather and agroclimatic products that are available by the National Meteorological Service (NMS) and to identify the most important needs of farmers concerning climate information. Special consideration will be given to the local knowledge used by rural farmers, too often neglected, but a key factor to their ability to cope with climate variability and change. An additional objective of this guide is to improve communication among the NMS staff, in particular, meteorologists and agrometeorologists and to encourage Agro-Pastoral Field School (APFS) trainers and facilitators to be more aware of their respective availability. Furthermore, one of the most important aims is the exchange of agroclimatic information that corresponds to the needs of all concerned, thus facilitating the assessment of the existing climatic risks in farming activities. The integration of the Response Farming in Rainfed Agriculture (RF) approach into Farmer Field School (FFS) is feasibly an effective way to reconcile NMS products with the needs of farmers. RF is a method used for identifying and quantifying rainfall variability at a local level to assess the climatic risks of farming communities. The Climate-Responsive Farming Management (CRFM) approach is an enhanced version of RF that uses modern and digital technologies, such as specific computer software, automatic weather stations, real-time telecommunication and smartphone applications. This approach can be implemented at a minimum cost at the farming level.The integration of the Response Farming in Rainfed Agriculture (RF) approach into FFS is feasibly an effective way to reconcile NMS products with the needs of farmers. RF is a method used for identifying and quantifying rainfall variability at a local level to assess the climatic risks of farming communities. The Climate-Responsive Farming Management (CRFM) approach is an enhanced version of RF that uses modern and digital technologies, such as specific computer software, automatic weather stations, real-time telecommunication and smartphone applications. This approach can be implemented at a minimum cost at the farming level.
Carbon Land And Water A Global Analysis Of The Hydrologic Dimensions Of Climate Change Mitigation Through Afforestation Reforestation
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Author : Zomer, Robert, Trabucco, Antonio, van Straaten, Oliver
language : en
Publisher: IWMI
Release Date : 2006
Carbon Land And Water A Global Analysis Of The Hydrologic Dimensions Of Climate Change Mitigation Through Afforestation Reforestation written by Zomer, Robert, Trabucco, Antonio, van Straaten, Oliver and has been published by IWMI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Afforestation categories.
This report highlights the potentially significant impacts on the hydrologic cycle and the importance of considering secondary effects, particularly with regard to water, resulting from the widespread adoption of global climate change mitigation measures. It is recommended that the implicit hydrologic dimensions of climate change mitigation should be more formally articulated within the international environmental conventions, and recognized within future UNFCCC negotiations on the CDM-AR provisions.