An Assessment Of Mercury Emission From U S Coal Fired Power Plants

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An Assessment Of Mercury Emission From U S Coal Fired Power Plants

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Author : P. Chu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

An Assessment Of Mercury Emission From U S Coal Fired Power Plants written by P. Chu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Coal-fired power plants categories.

An Assessment Of Mercury Emissions And Health Risks From A Coal Fired Power Plant

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

An Assessment Of Mercury Emissions And Health Risks From A Coal Fired Power Plant written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.

Title 3 of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) mandated that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) evaluate the need to regulate mercury emissions from electric utilities. In support of this forthcoming regulatory analysis the U.S. DOE, sponsored a risk assessment project at Brookhaven (BNL) to evaluate methylmercury (MeHg) hazards independently. In the US MeHg is the predominant way of exposure to mercury originated in the atmosphere. In the BNL study, health risks to adults resulting from Hg emissions from a hypothetical 1,000 MW coal-fired power plant were estimated using probabilistic risk assessment techniques. This study showed that the effects of emissions of a single power plant may double the background exposures to MeHg resulting from consuming fish obtained from a localized area near the power plant. Even at these more elevated exposure levels, the attributable incidence in mild neurological symptoms was estimated to be quite small, especially when compared with the estimated background incidence in the population. The current paper summarizes the basic conclusions of this assessment and highlights issues dealing with emissions control and environmental transport.

Descripcion De Las Provincias Pertenecientes Al Arzobispado De Lima Que Sali En La Ephemeride De Este A O De 1764

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :

Descripcion De Las Provincias Pertenecientes Al Arzobispado De Lima Que Sali En La Ephemeride De Este A O De 1764 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Assessment Of Mercury Health Risks To Adults From Coal Combustion

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Author : F. Lipfert
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

Assessment Of Mercury Health Risks To Adults From Coal Combustion written by F. Lipfert and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Coal-fired power plants categories.

Regulating Mercury Emissions From Power Plants Will It Protect Our Health

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Am Cncl on Science, Health
Release Date : 2005

Regulating Mercury Emissions From Power Plants Will It Protect Our Health written by and has been published by Am Cncl on Science, Health this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Coal-fired power plants categories.

The Local Impacts Of Mercury Emissions From Coal Fired Power Plants On Human Health Risk Progress Report For The Period Of March 2003 March 2003

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Author : T. M.LIPFERT SULLIVAN (F. D.MORRIS, S. M.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

The Local Impacts Of Mercury Emissions From Coal Fired Power Plants On Human Health Risk Progress Report For The Period Of March 2003 March 2003 written by T. M.LIPFERT SULLIVAN (F. D.MORRIS, S. M.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.

This report presents a follow-up to previous assessments of the health risks of mercury that BNL performed for the Department of Energy. Methylmercury is an organic form of mercury that has been implicated as the form of mercury that impacts human health. A comprehensive risk assessment report was prepared (Lipfert et al., 1994) that led to several journal articles and conference presentations (Lipfert et al. 1994, 1995, 1996). In 2001, a risk assessment of mercury exposure from fish consumption was performed for 3 regions of the U.S (Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest) identified by the EPA as regions of higher impact from coal emissions (Sullivan, 2001). The risk assessment addressed the effects of in utero exposure to children through consumption of fish by their mothers. Two population groups (general population and subsistence fishers) were considered. Three mercury levels were considered in the analysis, current conditions based on measured data, and hypothetical reductions in Hg levels due to a 50% and 90% reduction in mercury emissions from coal fired power plants. The findings of the analysis suggested that a 90% reduction in coal-fired emissions would lead to a small reduction in risk to the general population (population risk reduction on the order of 10{sup -5}) and that the population risk is born by less than 1% of the population (i.e. high end fish consumers). The study conducted in 2001 focused on the health impacts arising from regional deposition patterns as determined by measured data and modeling. Health impacts were assessed on a regional scale accounting for potential percent reductions in mercury emissions from coal. However, quantitative assessment of local deposition near actual power plants has not been attempted. Generic assessments have been performed, but these are not representative of any single power plant. In this study, general background information on the mercury cycle, mercury emissions from coal plants, and risk assessment are provided to provide the basis for examining the impacts of local deposition. A section that covers modeling of local deposition of mercury emitted from coal power plants follows. The code ISCST3 was used with mercury emissions data from two power plants and local meteorological conditions to assess local deposition. The deposition modeling results were used to estimate the potential increase in mercury deposition that could occur in the vicinity of the plant. Increased deposition was assumed to lead to a linearly proportional increase in mercury concentrations in fish in local water bodies. Fish are the major pathway for human health impacts and the potential for increased mercury exposure was evaluated and the risks of such exposure estimated. Based on the findings recommendations for future work and conclusions are provided. Mercury is receiving substantial attention in a number of areas including: understanding of mercury deposition, bioaccumulation, and transport through the atmosphere, and improvements to the understanding of health impacts created by exposure to mercury. A literature review of key articles is presented as Appendix A.

Potential Health Risk Reduction Arising From Reduced Mercury Emissions From Coal Fired Power Plants

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Potential Health Risk Reduction Arising From Reduced Mercury Emissions From Coal Fired Power Plants written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced plans to regulate mercury (Hg) emissions from coal-fired power plants. EPA has not prepared a quantitative assessment of the reduction in risk that could be achieved through reduction in coal plant emissions of Hg. To address this issue, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) with support from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy (DOE FE) prepared a quantitative assessment of the reduction in human health risk that could be achieved through reduction in coal plant emissions of Hg. The primary pathway for Hg exposure is through consumption of fish. The most susceptible population to Hg exposure is the fetus. Therefore the risk assessment focused on consumption of fish by women of child-bearing age. Dose response factors were generated from studies on loss of cognitive abilities (language skills, motor skills, etc.) by young children whose mothers consumed large amounts of fish with high Hg levels. Population risks were estimated for the general population in three regions of the country, (the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast) that were identified by EPA as being heavily impacted by coal emissions. Three scenarios for reducing Hg emissions from coal plants were considered: (1) A base case using current conditions; (2) A 50% reduction; and, (3) A 90% reduction. These reductions in emissions were assumed to translate linearly into a reduction in fish Hg levels of 8.6% and 15.5%, respectively. Population risk estimates were also calculated for two subsistence fisher populations. These groups of people consume substantially more fish than the general public and, depending on location, the fish may contain higher Hg levels than average. Risk estimates for these groups were calculated for the three Hg levels used for the general population analyses. Analysis shows that the general population risks for exposure of the fetus to Hg are small. Estimated risks under current conditions (i.e., no specific Hg controls) ranged from 5.7 x 10−6 in the Midwest to 2 x 10−5 in the Southeast. Reducing emissions from coal plants by 90% reduced the estimated range in risk to 5 x 10−6 in the Midwest and 1.5 x 10−5 in Southeast, respectively. The population risk for the subsistence fisher using the Southeast regional fish Hg levels was 3.8 x 10−3, a factor of 200 greater than the general population risk. For the subsistence fishers and the Savannah River Hg levels, the population risk was 4.3 x 10−5, a factor of 2 greater than for the general population. The estimated risk reductions from a 90% reduction in coal plant Hg emissions ranged from 25%-68%, which is greater than the assumed reduction in Hg levels in fish, (15.5%). To place this risk in perspective, there are approximately 4 x 106 births/year in the U.S (National Vital Statistics Report, 2000). Assuming that the Southeast risk level (the highest of the regions) is appropriate for the entire U.S., an estimate of 80 newborn children per year have a 5% chance of realizing any of the 16 adverse effects used to generate the DRF. If Hg emissions from power plants are reduced 90%, the number of children at risk is reduced to 60.

A Multicriteria Evaluation Of Policy Options For Reducing Mercury Emissions From U S Coal Fired Power Plants

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Author : Julie Metty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002

A Multicriteria Evaluation Of Policy Options For Reducing Mercury Emissions From U S Coal Fired Power Plants written by Julie Metty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Air categories.

Assessing The Mercury Health Risks Associated With Coal Fired Power Plants

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Author : T. SULLIVAN
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Assessing The Mercury Health Risks Associated With Coal Fired Power Plants written by T. SULLIVAN and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.

The rationale for regulating air emissions of mercury from U.S. coal-fired power plants largely depends on mathematical dispersion modeling, including the atmospheric chemistry processes that affect the partitioning of Hg emissions into elemental (Hg{sub 0}) and the reactive (RGM) forms that may deposit more rapidly near sources. This paper considers and evaluates the empirical support for this paradigm. We consider the extant experimental data at three spatial scales: local (

An Assessment Of Mercury Emissions From Fossil Fueled Power Plants

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978

An Assessment Of Mercury Emissions From Fossil Fueled Power Plants written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Air categories.