An Investigation Of Postural And Visual Stressors And Their Interactions During Computer Work
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An Investigation Of Postural And Visual Stressors And Their Interactions During Computer Work
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Author : Delia Eng Treaster
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
An Investigation Of Postural And Visual Stressors And Their Interactions During Computer Work written by Delia Eng Treaster and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Eyestrain categories.
Abstract: The continuing dominance of computers and the rising chorus of complaints from computer users highlight the importance of understanding the risks associated with computer use. Particularly challenging are the issues of eyestrain and muscle pain, the latter particularly puzzling because of the low force levels and static postures of computer work. To study eyestrain and muscle pain during computer work, a multi-disciplinary approach was developed, using techniques from three diverse fields: biomechanics, myofascial pain and vision. A laboratory study was used to examine the effects of the independent variables, postural and visual stress, during a 30-minute typing task. Sixteen healthy females (ages 19-29) participated in the experiment; all were touch-typists. The study design was a 2 x 2 repeated measures, with randomized order of testing. The dependent variables included development of trigger points in the upper trapezius, subjective measures of discomfort, visual function, and surface electromyography (EMG). Trapezius EMG data were collected at locations of known trigger points. An experienced myofascial specialist performed onsite examination to identify the trigger points before and after each experimental session. Cyclical changes in the EMG median frequency that occurred throughout the experiment were quantified. A method for quantifying eyestrain through EMG changes in the obicularis oculi was also developed. There was a significant interaction between postural and visual factors on both the perception of eyestrain and on the trapezius EMG. In particular, the high visual stress condition, when combined with the low postural stress condition, produced fewer cyclic changes in median frequency (i.e. less motor unit rotation), and greater trigger point pain. A hypothesized injury pathway for the development of myofascial trigger points was developed. The role of high visual stress, perhaps mediated through the stress reaction of the autonomic nervous system, was also postulated. particular, the high visual stress condition, when combined with the low postural stress condition, produced fewer cyclic changes in median frequency (i.e. less motor unit rotation), and greater trigger point pain. A hypothesized injury pathway for the development of myofascial trigger points was developed. The role of high visual stress, perhaps mediated through the stress reaction of the autonomic nervous system, was also postulated. The importance of good ergonomics in terms of location of computer components as well as visual parameters is highlighted. The findings of the interactions show the value of a multi-disciplinary approach to a complex problem.
Effects Of Postural And Visual Stressors On Trigger Point Development Muscle Activity Blink Rate And Discomfort During Computer Work
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Author : Jeffrey Alexander Hoyle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Effects Of Postural And Visual Stressors On Trigger Point Development Muscle Activity Blink Rate And Discomfort During Computer Work written by Jeffrey Alexander Hoyle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Computer users categories.
Abstract: Objective: To assess the impacts of postural and visual stressors on musculoskeletal and visual function during computer use. Background: Computer use involves low level static exertions that may be influenced by the postural and visual parameters of the workstation. The mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain and visual discomfort underlying low level static exertions, such as those experienced during computer work, are poorly understood. It was hypothesized that static postural and visual stress experienced during computer work might synergistically contribute to trigger point development, resulting in myofascial pain, as well as symptoms of eyestrain. Methods: Twelve subjects (six male and six female) participated in a study that simulated computer work. Each subject participated in three separate one-hour sessions, performing a typing task under high and low postural and visual stress conditions. Musculoskeletal measures included trigger point development monitored via expert opinion and self-report, electromyographic (EMG) activity, as well as self-reported discomfort. Cyclic changes in the EMG median frequency, representative of motor unit rotation, as well as a central tendency measure were used to assess EMG activity at multiple muscle locations on the trapezius. Hence, a multi-channel array was used to monitor EMG differences between muscle spatial locations relative to the trigger point. Visual measures included EMG activity of the orbicularis oculi, blink rate, accommodation, and self-reported visual discomfort. Results: Myofascial trigger points developed in all subjects regardless of the stress condition. The most interesting finding was the interaction between postural and visual factors on both the musculoskeletal and visual systems. Both high postural and high visual stress conditions resulted in significantly fewer cyclic changes in median frequency (i.e. less motor unit rotation) across the trapezius, and reduced blink rate compared to the baseline low stress condition. Spatial location relative to the trigger point site on the trapezius also influenced EMG patterns. Conclusions: Results have shown the importance of considering both postural and visual factors in order to understand the nature of the health effects associated with computer work. Disorders related to this type of work may be influenced by the complex interaction between the physical and visual parameters of the task. A hypothesized injury pathway model leading to myofascial pain, MSDs, and visual system disturbances during computer work was presented. A central stress theory involving the autonomic nervous system was proposed to be the interactive mechanism affecting both musculoskeletal and visual loading. However, efforts to further understand the mechanisms through which this interaction occurs are needed.
The Human Computer Interaction Handbook
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Author : Andrew Sears
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-09-01
The Human Computer Interaction Handbook written by Andrew Sears and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies, and Emerging Applications is a comprehensive survey of this fast-paced field that is of interest to all HCI practitioners, educators, consultants, and researchers. This includes computer scientists; industrial, electrical, and computer engineers; cognitive scientists; exp
Travell Simons Myofascial Pain And Dysfunction Upper Half Of Body
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Author : David G. Simons
language : en
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Release Date : 1999
Travell Simons Myofascial Pain And Dysfunction Upper Half Of Body written by David G. Simons and has been published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
This Second Edition presents introductory general information on all trigger points and also detailed descriptions of single muscle syndromes for the upper half of the body. It includes 107 new drawings, a number of trigger point release techniques in addition to spray and stretch, and a new chapter on intercostal muscles and diaphragm.
Handbook Of Human Computer Interaction
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Author : M.G. Helander
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-06-28
Handbook Of Human Computer Interaction written by M.G. Helander and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-28 with Computers categories.
This Handbook is concerned with principles of human factors engineering for design of the human-computer interface. It has both academic and practical purposes; it summarizes the research and provides recommendations for how the information can be used by designers of computer systems. The articles are written primarily for the professional from another discipline who is seeking an understanding of human-computer interaction, and secondarily as a reference book for the professional in the area, and should particularly serve the following: computer scientists, human factors engineers, designers and design engineers, cognitive scientists and experimental psychologists, systems engineers, managers and executives working with systems development. The work consists of 52 chapters by 73 authors and is organized into seven sections. In the first section, the cognitive and information-processing aspects of HCI are summarized. The following group of papers deals with design principles for software and hardware. The third section is devoted to differences in performance between different users, and computer-aided training and principles for design of effective manuals. The next part presents important applications: text editors and systems for information retrieval, as well as issues in computer-aided engineering, drawing and design, and robotics. The fifth section introduces methods for designing the user interface. The following section examines those issues in the AI field that are currently of greatest interest to designers and human factors specialists, including such problems as natural language interface and methods for knowledge acquisition. The last section includes social aspects in computer usage, the impact on work organizations and work at home.
Visual Ergonomics In The Workplace
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Author : Jeffrey Anshel
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-09-11
Visual Ergonomics In The Workplace written by Jeffrey Anshel and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This easy-to-read introduction to the role of the visual system in the workplace is designed to help many professional ergonomists and human resources professionals to appreciate more fully the relationship between good vision and the efficiency and safety of job performance. It is an accessible account which is illustrated with both low level draw
Information And Communication Technologies Society And Human Beings Theory And Framework Festschrift In Honor Of Gunilla Bradley
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Author : Haftor, Darek
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2010-07-31
Information And Communication Technologies Society And Human Beings Theory And Framework Festschrift In Honor Of Gunilla Bradley written by Haftor, Darek and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-31 with Computers categories.
Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework addresses the extensive area of effects of ICT on human beings and the interaction between ICT, individuals, organizations, and society. This premier reference source features contributions from over 45 distinguished researchers from around the world, each presenting high quality research on Social Informatics, Human Computer Interaction, Organizational Behavior, and Macro-ergonomics. This unique publication is perfect for students, teachers, researchers, engineers, practitioners, managers, policy-makers, and media alike.
The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook
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Author : Waldemar Karwowski
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1998-12-18
The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook written by Waldemar Karwowski and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-12-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Occupational ergonomics and safety studies the application of human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design, testing, and evaluation of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments for productive, safe, comfortable, and effective use. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook provides current, comprehensive knowledge in this broad field, providing essential, state-of-the-art information from nearly 150 international leaders of this discipline. The text assesses the knowledge and expertise applied to industrial environments: Providing engineering guidelines for redesigning tools, machines, and work layouts Evaluating the demands placed on workers by current jobs Simulating alternative work methods Determining the potential for reducing physical job demands based on the implementation of new methods Topics also include: Fundamental ergonomic design principles at work Work-related musculoskeletal injuries, such as cumulative trauma to the upper extremity (CTDs) and low back disorders (LBDs), which affect several million workers each year with total costs exceeding $100 billion annually Current knowledge used for minimizing human suffering, potential for occupational disability, and related worker's compensation costs Working conditions under which musculoskeletal injuries might occur Engineering design measures for eliminating or reducing known job-risk factors Optimal manufacturing processes regarding human perceptual and cognitive abilities as well as task reliability Identifying the worker population affected by adverse conditions Early medical and work intervention efforts Economics of an ergonomics maintenance program Ergonomics as an essential cost to doing business Ergonomics intervention includes design for manufacturability, total quality management, and work organization. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook demonstrates how ergonomics serves as a vital component for the activities of the company and enables an advantageous cooperation between management and labor. This new handbook serves a broad segment of industrial practitioners, including industrial and manufacturing engineers; managers; plant supervisors and ergonomics professionals; researchers and students from academia, business, and government; human factors and safety specialists; physical therapists; cognitive and work psychologists; sociologists; and human-computer communications specialists.
Occupational Ergonomics
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Author : Waldemar Karwowski
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-03-26
Occupational Ergonomics written by Waldemar Karwowski and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Occupational Ergonomics: Design and Management of Work Systems comprises chapters carefully selected from CRC's bestselling Occupational Ergonomics Handbook, logically organized for optimum convenience and thoughtfully priced to fit every budget. This book presents 34 chapters addressing selected issues in the area of occupational macroergonomics,
Proceedings Of The Third International Conference On Human Computer Interaction Boston Massachusetts September 18 22 1989
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Author : Michael James Smith
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology
Release Date : 1989
Proceedings Of The Third International Conference On Human Computer Interaction Boston Massachusetts September 18 22 1989 written by Michael James Smith and has been published by Elsevier Science & Technology this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Computers categories.