An Optical Technique For Drop Size Measurement In Sprays
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An Optical Technique For Drop Size Measurement In Sprays
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Author : Thomas A. Caroon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
An Optical Technique For Drop Size Measurement In Sprays written by Thomas A. Caroon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Spraying equipment categories.
Measurement Of Drop Size Distribution By A Light Scattering Technique
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Author : NK. Rizk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Measurement Of Drop Size Distribution By A Light Scattering Technique written by NK. Rizk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Atomization categories.
Although a light-scattering technique, using a single-element photomultiplier tube, has proved to be an accurate tool for determining the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of a liquid fuel spray, it has been generally considered unsuitable for the measurement of drop-size distribution. Usually, a photomultiplier tube on the receiving side of the optical system is traversed in a direction at right angles to the optical axis, and the scattered light intensity due to the passage of a monochromatic laser beam through the spray is plotted against radical distance to provide a measurement of SMD. In the present study it is shown that this same light intensity profile can be also converted into an energy distribution which is uniquely related to drop-size distribution. Values of SMD obtained with this technique show good agreement with corresponding values as determined by a photographic method. Moreover, the drop-size distribution calculated by the proposed method is found to be almost identical to the distribution exhibited by a standard calibration reticle. Typical examples of SMD and drop-size distribution for sprays produced at various test conditions are presented.
Droplet Size Measurements For Liquid Streams Injected Into A Low Pressure Chamber Using A Light Transmission Technique
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Author : Robert Orrin Corey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Droplet Size Measurements For Liquid Streams Injected Into A Low Pressure Chamber Using A Light Transmission Technique written by Robert Orrin Corey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Aeronautics categories.
An apparatus was constructed for optical investigation of the sprays produced by liquid injection into a vacuum using various nozzle orifice sizes and driving pressures. A light transmission technique was employed to measure the mean diameter of the droplets in acetone sprays. Independent calculation of the densities of the sprays allowed the droplet sizes to be established by measuring the optical transmittance of a single spectrally pure wavelength of light through the sprays. A graph of droplet diameter, normalized for nozzle orifice diameter, vs. driving pressure was constructed. Mass and volume flow rates for the liquid injection system were calculated. (Author).
Techniques For Drop Size Measurement By Direct Photography And Electronic Particle Size Analysis
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Author : C. Ramshaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965
Techniques For Drop Size Measurement By Direct Photography And Electronic Particle Size Analysis written by C. Ramshaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with categories.
A photographic technique is described which overcomes many of the problems encountered in measuring the droplet size distribution in sprays. Droplet photographs were analysed using a Mullard Particle Size Analyser as recommended in the text and it is shown that, for photographs in which the depth of field is less than the spray thickness, a high contrast emulsion leads to errors. In general it is better to avoid out-of-focus drops, but a method is suggested which permits the results to be corrected provided the extent of the spray is large compared to the depth of field. (Author).
Droplet Size Measurements For Liquid Streams Injected Into A Low Pressure Chamber Using A Light Transmission Technique
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Droplet Size Measurements For Liquid Streams Injected Into A Low Pressure Chamber Using A Light Transmission Technique written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with categories.
An apparatus was constructed for optical investigation of the sprays produced by liquid injection into a vacuum using various nozzle orifice sizes and driving pressures. A light transmission technique was employed to measure the mean diameter of the droplets in acetone sprays. Independent calculation of the densities of the sprays allowed the droplet sizes to be established by measuring the optical transmittance of a single spectrally pure wavelength of light through the sprays. A graph of droplet diameter, normalized for nozzle orifice diameter, vs. driving pressure was constructed. Mass and volume flow rates for the liquid injection system were calculated. (Author).
Atomization And Sprays
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Author : Arthur Lefebvre
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1988-12-01
Atomization And Sprays written by Arthur Lefebvre and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-12-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Atomization and Sprays examines the atomization of liquids and characteristics of sprays. It explains the physical processes of atomization as well as guidelines for designing atomizers. In addition, it demonstrates how the importance of the size and velocity of a particle contributes to improved spray characterization. Coverage includes general considerations, drop size distribution of sprays, flow in atomizers, atomizer performance, external spray characteristics, drop evaporation, and drop sizing methods.
Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques
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Author : Julian M. Tishkoff
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1984
Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques written by Julian M. Tishkoff and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques 2nd Volume
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Author : E. Dan Hirleman
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1990
Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques 2nd Volume written by E. Dan Hirleman and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Drops categories.
Droplet Size Distribution And Liquid Volume Concentration In A Water Spray Predictions And Measurements
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Droplet Size Distribution And Liquid Volume Concentration In A Water Spray Predictions And Measurements written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
A water spray, from a twin-fluid atomizer, was studied at different air temperature and at atmospheric pressure. The Sauter Mean Diameter, D32, and the droplet volume distribution were measured at four different distances from the injector. An optical method was used to measure droplet sizes. Predictions of the Sauter Mean Diameter, liquid volume concentration and droplet size distribution were also evaluated. The influence of the air velocity, air temperature and of the water flow rate in the spray S.M.D. and in the liquid volume concentration at different distance from the injector have been measured. The predictions showed good agreement with experimental results.
Droplet Size Concentration And Temperature Mapping In Sprays Using Slipi Based Techniques
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Author : Yogeshwar Nath Mishra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Droplet Size Concentration And Temperature Mapping In Sprays Using Slipi Based Techniques written by Yogeshwar Nath Mishra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Structured laser illumination planar imaging (SLIPI) is a technique capable of suppressing multiple light scattering effects in optically dense sprays, resulting in spray images without blurs and with enhanced contrast. The novelty of the work presented in this thesis concerns the applications of a variety of SLIPI-based techniques for the measurement of droplet size, droplet concentration, and liquid temperature in atomizing sprays. Two types of spray systems are investigated here: 1) Steady hollow-cone water sprays using temporally averaged imaging. 2) Transient Direct-Injection spark ignition (DISI) biofuel sprays using instantaneous imaging. The temporally averaged measurements are performed using three-phase SLIPI (3p-SLIPI) with liquid injection pressures in the range of 20–50 bar and at ambient conditions. Droplet sizing is obtained by combining SLIPI with the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)/Mie ratio approach, where the droplet Sauter mean diameter is deduced after calibration with phase Doppler anemometry measurements. The droplet concentration and liquid volume fraction are obtained by combining the SLIPI-LIF/Mie method with light transmission measurements. This is performed using a laser sheet scanning approach, which provides three-dimensional quantitative reconstructions. Finally, the spray temperature is obtained by combining SLIPI with two-color LIF ratio thermometry for a liquid temperature ranging from 25–55°C. It is found that multiple light scattering induces measurement errors even for sprays having singly scattered photons in majority. This finding, therefore, strongly supports the application of SLIPI for quantitative spray measurements, even for optically dilute sprays. The 3p-SLIPI approach is based on recording a minimum of three modulated sub-images successively, each having a different spatial phase; therefore, it has been primarily used for temporally averaged imaging. To circumvent this limitation, two novel instantaneous imaging approaches, 2p-SLIPI and 1p-SLIPI (corresponding to two-phase and one-phase, respectively), have been developed. In the 2p-SLIPI optical setup, the “lines structure” is optically shifted by exploiting the birefringence property of a calcite crystal. This novel optical approach is used to image spray dynamics in ethanol and butanol DISI sprays at liquid fuel injection pressures of 80 and 160 bar, where the spray chamber is operated at 2-bar air pressure. Finally, the results from instantaneous 2p-SLIPI and 1p-SLIPI imaging have been compared, showing promising applications for the study of spray dynamics.