Andean Storm
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Andean Storm
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Author : Helen Pugh
language : en
Publisher: Helen Pugh
Release Date :
Andean Storm written by Helen Pugh and has been published by Helen Pugh this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.
"Two hundred years after the last Inca ruler (Tupac Amaru) died, a rebellion began to bubble away in Peru"... Micaela Bastidas Puyucawa and her husband, known as Tupac Amaru II, led a huge uprising against the Spanish. Who was Micaela exactly? What was she like? How did the movement end? And what legacy did the couple leave behind? All this and more in 'Andean Storm'.
Andean Storm
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Andean Storm written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
On The Nature Of Severe Orographic Thunderstorms Near The Andes In Subtropical South America
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Author : Kristen Lani Emi Rasmussen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
On The Nature Of Severe Orographic Thunderstorms Near The Andes In Subtropical South America written by Kristen Lani Emi Rasmussen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Identifying common features and differences between the mechanisms producing extreme convection near major mountain ranges of the world is an essential step toward a general understanding of orographic precipitation on a global scale. The overarching objective of this dissertation is to understand and examine orographic convective processes in general, while specifically focusing on systems in the lee of the Andes Mountains. Diagnosing the key ingredients necessary for generating high impact weather near extreme topography is crucial to our understanding of orographic precipitating systems. An investigation of the most intense storms in 11 years of TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) data has shown a tendency for squall lines to initiate and develop east of the Andes with a mesoscale organization similar to storms in the U.S. Great Plains (Rasmussen and Houze 2011). In subtropical South America, however, the topographical influence on the convective initiation and maintenance of the mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) is unique. The Andes and other mountainous terrain of Argentina focus deep convective initiation in the foothills of western Argentina (Romatschke and Houze 2010; Rasmussen and Houze 2011). Subsequent to initiation, the convection often evolves into propagating MCSs similar to those seen over the U.S. Great Plains sometimes producing damaging tornadoes, hail and floods across a wide agricultural region (Rasmussen and Houze 2011; Rasmussen et al. 2014b). The TRMM satellite was designed to determine the spatial and temporal variation of tropical and subtropical rainfall amounts and storm structures around the globe with the goal of understanding the factors controlling the precipitation. However, the TRMM PR algorithm significantly underestimates surface rainfall in deep convection over land (Nesbitt et al. 2004; Iguchi et al. 2009; Kozu et al. 2009). When the algorithm rates are compared to a range of conventional Z-R relations, the rain bias tends to be worse in storms with significant mixed phase hydrometeors, such as graupel and hail, that are similarly affected by assumptions in the TRMM PR algorithm (Rasmussen et al. 2013). A quantitative approach that mitigates this bias using TRMM PR data was developed and employed to investigate the role of the most extreme precipitating systems on the hydrological cycle in South America (Rasmussen et al. 2014c). Results from this study indicate that ~95% of the accumulated warm season precipitation in La Plata Basin in subtropical South America is contributed by echoes structurally related to MCSs and their life cycle. From a hydrologic and climatological viewpoint, this empirical knowledge is critical, as the type of runoff and flooding that may occur depends on the specific character of the convective storm and precipitation reaching the surface, and has broad implications for the hydrological cycle in this region. Numerical simulations conducted with the NCAR Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model extends the observational analysis and provides an objective dynamical evaluation of storm initiation, development mechanisms, dynamics (Rasmussen and Houze 2014), and microphysics (Rasmussen et al. 2014d). The capping inversion in the lee of the Andes (Rasmussen and Houze 2011) is important in preventing premature triggering in the simulations. The impingement of the South American Low Level Jet on foothills and low mountains to the east of the main Andes range triggers extremely deep and intense convection. The simulated mesoscale systems closely resemble the storm structures seen by the TRMM satellite as well as the overall shape and character of the storms shown in GOES satellite data (Rasmussen and Houze 2014; Rasmussen et al. 2014d). Sensitivity studies removing and/or reducing various topographic features have shown the profound influence of the terrain on the initiation and upscale growth of the subsequent MCSs. The extreme vertical extent of the Andes tends to keep the South American storms tied to the topography during upscale organization and development longer than similar storms east of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and is related to enhanced lee cyclogenesis, flow deformation, and wake effects (Rasmussen and Houze 2014). From this research, an original conceptual model for convective storm environments leading to convective initiation was developed for subtropical South America.
Conquist
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Author : Dirk Strasser
language : en
Publisher: John Hunt Publishing
Release Date : 2024-08-30
Conquist written by Dirk Strasser and has been published by John Hunt Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-30 with Fiction categories.
Capitán Cristóbal de Varga's drive for glory and gold in 1538 Peru leads him and his army of conquistadors into a New World that refuses to be conquered. He is a man torn by life-long obsessions and knows this is his last campaign. What he doesn't know is that his Incan allies led by the princess Sarpay have their own furtive plans to make sure he never finds the golden city of Vilcabamba. He also doesn't know that Héctor Valiente, the freed African slave he appointed as his lieutenant, has found a portal that will lead them all into a world that will challenge his deepest beliefs. And what he can't possibly know is that this world will trap him in a war between two eternal enemies, leading him to question everything he has devoted his life to - his command, his Incan princess, his honor, his God. In the end, he faces the ultimate dilemma: how is it possible to battle your own obsessions . . . to conquer yourself?
Lightning In The Andes And Mesoamerica
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Author : John E. Staller
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-05
Lightning In The Andes And Mesoamerica written by John E. Staller and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-05 with Social Science categories.
Lightning has evoked a numinous response as well as powerful timeless references and symbols among ancient religions throughout the world. Thunder and lightning have also taken on various symbolic manifestations, some representing primary deities, as in the case of Zeus and Jupiter in the Greco/Roman tradition, and Thor in Norse myth. Similarly, lightning veneration played an important role to the ancient civilizations of Mesoamerica and Andean South America. Lightning veneration and the religious cults and their associated rituals represent to varying degrees a worship of nature and the forces that shape the natural world. The inter-relatedness of the cultural and natural environment is related to what may be called a widespread cultural perception of the natural world as sacred, a kind of mythic landscape. Comparative analysis of the Andes and Mesoamerica has been a recurring theme recently in part because two of the areas of "high civilization" in the Americas have much in common despite substantial ecological differences, and in part because there is some evidence, of varying quality, that some people had migrated from one area to the other. Lightning in the Andes and Mesoamerica is the first ever study to explore the symbolic elements surrounding lightning in their associated Pre-Columbian religious ideologies. Moreover, it extends its examination to contemporary culture to reveal how cultural perceptions of the sacred, their symbolic representations and ritual practices, and architectural representations in the landscape were conjoined in the ancient past. Ethnographic accounts and ethnohistoric documents provide insights through first-hand accounts that broaden our understanding of levels of syncretism since the European contact. The interdisciplinary research presented herein also provides a basis for tracing back Pre-Columbian manifestations of lightning its associated religious beliefs and ritual practices, as well as its mythological, symbolic, iconographic, and architectural representations to earlier civilizations. This unique study will be of great interest to scholars of Pre-Columbian South and Mesoamerica, and will stimulate future comparative studies by archaeologists and anthropologists.
Strain S Ride Over The Andes
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Author : Joel Tyler Headley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1858
Strain S Ride Over The Andes written by Joel Tyler Headley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1858 with categories.
Skis And Andes
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Author : Eugene Du Bois
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1937
Skis And Andes written by Eugene Du Bois and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1937 with Andes categories.
Secrets Of The Andes
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Author : James H. Foster
language : en
Publisher: Good Press
Release Date : 2023-09-18
Secrets Of The Andes written by James H. Foster and has been published by Good Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-18 with Juvenile Fiction categories.
"Secrets of the Andes" by James H. Foster. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.
Indians Of The Andes
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Author : Harold Osborne
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-13
Indians Of The Andes written by Harold Osborne and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Social Science categories.
This book traces the history and ecology of the Aymaras and the Quechuas: the highland peoples of the Central Andes, who formed the nucleus of the great Inca Empire which extended for two thousand miles along the Pacific coast to the fringes of the tropical interior. In twenty millennia the Indians of the Andes had had no cultural contacts with the Old World yet they had already passed independently through stages of development usually associated with the Neolithic Age and had achieved a degree of technical and artistic excellence. In four centuries of contact there has of course been appreciable acculturation and osmosis. Originally published in 1952.
Contarhuacho A Biography
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Author : Helen Pugh
language : en
Publisher: Helen Pugh
Release Date :
Contarhuacho A Biography written by Helen Pugh and has been published by Helen Pugh this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Biography & Autobiography categories.
You may have heard of the Inca emperor Huayna Capac but probably not Contarhuacho (or Contarguacho), one of his many secondary wives. Born in Tocash in the province of Huaylas, Peru, in about 1500, Contarhuacho was a curaca or female cacique of great importance in her own right who played a significant role both before and after the Spanish Conquest. This short biography is a taster for a book I am planning entitled, ‘Biographies of Inca Women’. I would love to receive feedback on whether a book of that sort would be of interest to you and if so, which Inca women you would like me to include.
