Arctic Challenges
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Global Challenges In The Arctic Region
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Author : Elena Conde
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-08-05
Global Challenges In The Arctic Region written by Elena Conde and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-05 with Political Science categories.
Bringing together interconnected discussions to make explicit the complexity of the Arctic region, this book offers a legal discussion of the ongoing territorial disputes and challenges in order to frame their impact into the viability of different governance strategies that are available at the national, regional and international level. One of the intrinsic features of the region is the difficulty in the determination of boundaries, responsibilities and interests. Against this background, sovereignty issues are intertwined with environmental and geopolitical issues that ultimately affect global strategic balances and international trade and, at the same time, influence national approaches to basic rights and organizational schemes regarding the protection of indigenous peoples and inhabitants of the region. This perspective lays the ground for further discussion, revolving around the main clusters of governance (focusing on the Arctic Council and the European Union, with the particular roles and interest of Arctic and non-Arctic states, and the impact on indigenous populations), environment (including the relevance of national regulatory schemes, and the intertwinement with concerns related to energy, or migration), strategy (concentrating in geopolitical realities and challenges analysed from different perspectives and focusing on different actors, and covering security and climate change related challenges). This collection provides an avenue for parallel and converging research of complex realities from different disciplines, through the expertise of scholars from different latitudes.
Energy Security And Geopolitics In The Arctic Challenges And Opportunities In The 21st Century
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Author : Hooman Peimani
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013-04-01
Energy Security And Geopolitics In The Arctic Challenges And Opportunities In The 21st Century written by Hooman Peimani and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This book sheds light on how global warming has caused the ongoing environmental disaster in the Arctic, namely its melting. This development, if left unabated, will have a major negative environmental impact, not only on the Arctic itself, but on the entire planet, including the worsening of global warming and rising sea levels. The latter is a major threat to all island countries and all countries having coastlines with open seas with major environmental, social, economic, political and military/security implications. The Arctic melting is bringing about challenges while opening doors for certain opportunities. These are the accessibility of the region's large oil, gas and coal reserves and minerals, including rare earth elements. They are in demand both in the Arctic littoral states (Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Norway, Russia and USA) and the Greater Arctic countries (Iceland, Finland and Sweden) as well as in other parts of the world. In particular, major oil and gas importers (China, India, Japan and South Korea) are interested in the Arctic energy resources, the main non-regional countries with a capability to engage in the region. The obvious importance of the regional energy and mineral resources makes the division of the region among the regional countries crucial. The melting of the Arctic ice will also lead to the availability for at least a few months a year of a Northern Sea Route and a Northwest Passage connecting Europe to North America and the North-Eastern part of Asia. The importance of these northern routes and the Arctic mineral and energy resources is contributing to a growing military presence of mainly the USA and Russia in this region, which could lead to an arms race. This book offers invaluable insights on the issues that have grave implications for energy security and geopolitics in the arctic.
The Arctic
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Author : Oleg S. Pokrovsky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Arctic written by Oleg S. Pokrovsky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Science categories.
"The importance of the Arctic in many fields of human activity strongly increased over the past decades. The academic scientific research demonstrates a 3-fold increase in the number of journal articles dealing with "Arctic": from 1,400 in 2000 to 4,200 in 2018. This increase is not fortuitous but certainly stems from double importance of Arctic regions for humanity. The first importance is the role that the Arctic plays in the on-going environmental changes, mostly linked to climate warming and environmental pollution. Here, the first key issues are the Arctic Ocean, ice melt, permafrost thaw, greenhouse gases emission, and organic carbon mobilization from soils to rivers. From the other hand, highly fragile Arctic ecosystems and biota are strongly affected by environmental pollution, be it organic compounds or toxic metals and radionuclides. The rising concern of humanity to the key role of the Arctic in climate regulation on the planetary scale and the extreme fragility of its ecosystem, biota and native population to on-going environmental change can certainly explain an explosive interest of scientific researchers to the Arctic in connection with 'climate change'. The second big issue of the Arctic is its eminent role in problems of natural resources. The Artic shelf contains vast amount of hydrocarbons (gas and oil), whereas the terrestrial polar regions, now liberating from ice, may turn out to be highly important sites of future ore industry. The importance of possibly ice-free Arctic Ocean as future maritime shipping routes will further enhance the accessibility of natural resources in this region. Taken together, this can be the main driving factors of almost exponential increase in the interest to natural resources in the Arctic over past few years. The present book addresses a wide variety of environmental, social and economic issues of the Arctic, in response to rising interest to this region in academic science, sociology and business. The 14 chapters represent state-of-the art reviews written by the experts on problems of native communities, climate change, political issues, implementation of large-scale projects, natural resources and conservation, environmental monitoring and assessment of pollution issues"--
Arctic Challenges
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Author : Nordic Council. Parliamentary Conference
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
Release Date : 1993
Arctic Challenges written by Nordic Council. Parliamentary Conference and has been published by Nordic Council of Ministers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Political Science categories.
Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Finland.
Arctic Opportunities And Challenges
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Author : Edmund Li Sheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-04-15
Arctic Opportunities And Challenges written by Edmund Li Sheng and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-15 with Political Science categories.
This book focuses on the participation and interaction of the three great powers—i.e., China, Russia, and the United States—in Arctic affairs from an international relations perspective. Global climate change has become a shared problem for all mankind. One of its key elements is the warming of the Arctic, which is affecting every dimension of nature and humanity globally. Climate change in the Arctic will directly affect natural ecosystems, coastal areas, forests, water resources, agricultural production, animal husbandry, tourism, and other economic activities in various countries around the globe. For the Northeast Asian region, however, the opening of the Arctic Passage by melting sea ice presents an opportunity. The current international legal regime for governance in the Arctic is insufficient to cope with the challenges of global warming. This book will be of interest to scholars following the future development of the Arctic and the role of China as a newcomer to Arctic affairs.
Changes In The Arctic
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Author : Julian C. Stephenson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Changes In The Arctic written by Julian C. Stephenson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Climatic changes categories.
According to the latest CRS report in 2018, the diminishment of Arctic sea ice has led to increased human activities in the arctic, and has heightened interest in, and concerns about, the regions future. The US is an Arctic country and has substantial interests in the region. Changes to the Arctic brought about by warming temperatures will likely allow more exploration for oil, gas and minerals. However, increased oil and gas exploration and tourism (cruise ships) in the Arctic increase the risk of pollution in the region. Additionally, changes in sea ice can directly affect the health of Arctic ecosystems. Mammals such as polar bears and walruses rely on the presence of sea ice for hunting, breeding and migrating. These animals face the threat of declining birth rates and restricted access to food sources because of reduced sea ice coverage and thickness (EPA, 2016). Although there is significant international cooperation in the Arctic issues, the Arctic is increasingly being viewed by some observers as a potential emerging security issue. Some of the Arctic coastal states, particularly Russia, have announced an intention or take actions to enhance their military presences in the high north. US military forces have begun to pay more attention to the region in their planning and operations. The Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports and Environmental Protection Agency Report (EPA) included in this book provide the readers with the issues, challenges and effects we face today due to Arctic climate changes.
Climate Change And Arctic Sustainable Development
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Author : UNESCO
language : en
Publisher: UNESCO
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Climate Change And Arctic Sustainable Development written by UNESCO and has been published by UNESCO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Social Science categories.
The Arctic is undergoing rapid and dramatic environmental and social transformations due to climate change. This has ramifications for the entire planet, as change spreads through interconnected global networks that are environmental, cultural, economic and political. Today, with the major thrust of research shifting away from deciphering causes and monitoring trends, the central preoccupation of a growing circle of actors has become the exploration of strategies for responding and adapting to climate change. But to understand the far-reaching nature of climate change impacts and the complexities of adaptation, a truly interdisciplinary approach is required. Unique in the UN system, UNESCO brings together the domains of natural sciences, social sciences,culture, education and communication. Given this broad mandate, UNESCO favors integrated approaches for monitoring and adapting to climate change in the Arctic, fostering dialogue among scientists, circumpolar communities and decision-makers. This book brings together the knowledge, concerns and visions of leading Arctic scientists in the natural and social sciences, prominent Chukchi, Even, Inuit and Saami leaders from across the circumpolar North, and international experts in education, health and ethics. They highlight the urgent need for a sustained interdisciplinary and multi-actor approach to monitoring, managing and responding to climate change in the Arctic, and explore avenues by which this can be achieved.--Publisher's description.
Seasonal To Decadal Predictions Of Arctic Sea Ice
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-01-03
Seasonal To Decadal Predictions Of Arctic Sea Ice written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-03 with Science categories.
Recent well documented reductions in the thickness and extent of Arctic sea ice cover, which can be linked to the warming climate, are affecting the global climate system and are also affecting the global economic system as marine access to the Arctic region and natural resource development increase. Satellite data show that during each of the past six summers, sea ice cover has shrunk to its smallest in three decades. The composition of the ice is also changing, now containing a higher fraction of thin first-year ice instead of thicker multi-year ice. Understanding and projecting future sea ice conditions is important to a growing number of stakeholders, including local populations, natural resource industries, fishing communities, commercial shippers, marine tourism operators, national security organizations, regulatory agencies, and the scientific research community. However, gaps in understanding the interactions between Arctic sea ice, oceans, and the atmosphere, along with an increasing rate of change in the nature and quantity of sea ice, is hampering accurate predictions. Although modeling has steadily improved, projections by every major modeling group failed to predict the record breaking drop in summer sea ice extent in September 2012. Establishing sustained communication between the user, modeling, and observation communities could help reveal gaps in understanding, help balance the needs and expectations of different stakeholders, and ensure that resources are allocated to address the most pressing sea ice data needs. Seasonal-to-Decadal Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice: Challenges and Strategies explores these topics.
Arctic Triumph
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Author : Nikolas Sellheim
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-13
Arctic Triumph written by Nikolas Sellheim and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-13 with Science categories.
This book approaches the challenges the Arctic has faced and is facing through a lens of opportunity. Through pinpointed examples from and dealing with the Circumpolar North, the Arctic is depicted as a region where people and peoples have managed to endure despite significant challenges at hand. This book treats the ‘Arctic of disasters’ as an innovated narrative and asks how the ‘disaster pieces’ of Arctic discourse interact with the ability of Arctic peoples, communities and regions to counter disaster, adversity, and doom. While not neglecting the scientifically established challenges associated with climate change and other (potentially) disastrous processes in the north, this book calls for a paradigm shift from perceiving the ‘Arctic of disasters’ to an ‘Arctic of triumph’. Particular attention is therefore given to selected Arctic achievements that underline ‘triumphant’ developments in the north, even when Arctic triumph and disaster intersect.
Challenges Of The Changing Arctic
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Author : Myron H. Nordquist
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-03-21
Challenges Of The Changing Arctic written by Myron H. Nordquist and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-21 with Law categories.
The law and policy for the Arctic are increasingly of international interest, largely due to the melting of the Arctic ice cap. Challenges of the Changing Arctic: Continental Shelf, Navigation, and Fisheries includes contributions from global specialists dealing with the geomorphologic context, maritime delimitation and specialized topics raised by promising oil and gas prospects, particularly in the extensive continental shelf presented by Russia to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. Arctic shipping has entered a novel, untested phase with keen interest in the opening of ice free shipping lanes and proposed regulatory regimes. Fish in the North Atlantic are moving north disrupting historic fishing patterns as well as traditional fish stocks. Agreements on the allocation of shared fish stocks pose significant management challenges. Both littoral and non-littoral user nations are concerned with maritime security as well as search and rescue preparations given the anticipated increased use of the Arctic Ocean. These and many other of the most pressing issues are addressed in this important volume, making it a must-read for all those interested in environmental law and the law of the sea.