Are Low Price Compromises Collusion Guarantees
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Are Low Price Compromises Collusion Guarantees
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Author : Enrique Fatás
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Are Low Price Compromises Collusion Guarantees written by Enrique Fatás and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Are Low Prices Compromises Collusion Guarantees An Experimental Analysis Of Price Matching Policies
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Author : Enrique Fatas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Are Low Prices Compromises Collusion Guarantees An Experimental Analysis Of Price Matching Policies written by Enrique Fatas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
In this paper we experimentally test the ability of Price-Matching Guarantees (PMG) to rise prices above the competitive level. We implement three different treatments of symmetric duopolies to check the effect of PMG both as a market institution and as a business strategy. In the absence of any low-price guarantee, prices get close to the Bertrand-Nash equilibrium although in the 50 rounds of the experiment no full convergence is obtained. The existence of PMG as an institution in a market where firms decide only about prices results in a clear collusive outcome as all markets quickly and fully converge to the collusive prediction. If we allow subjects to decide whether they adopt price matching or not we observe that almost all subjects decide to adopt PMG; prices significantly increases over the first treatment observed prices and are very close to the collusive ones.
Do Low Price Guarantees Facilitate Collusion
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Author : Morten Hviid
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Do Low Price Guarantees Facilitate Collusion written by Morten Hviid and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Collusion categories.
Two Essays On Strategic Pricing
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Author : Hong Yuan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Two Essays On Strategic Pricing written by Hong Yuan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Price Matching Guarantees And Collusion
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Author : Luís M. B. Cabral
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Price Matching Guarantees And Collusion written by Luís M. B. Cabral and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Consumer behavior categories.
On May 27, 2015, the Shell network of gas stations in Germany introduced a Price Matching Guarantee (PMG) available to its card-carrying members. In the ensuing weeks, a series of attempts at tacit collusion took place, typically with stations increasing prices at around 12 noon by 3 cents. In this paper, we argue that the juxtaposition of these two events is not a mere coincidence. We first present a theoretical model to argue that a PMG can be a collusion enacting practice. We then test various predictions of our theoretical model. Our source of identification is geographical variation in the presence of Shell stations (the chain that enacted the PMG) as well consumer demographics. Our empirical tests are consistent with the theoretical predictions, showing effects that are both statistically and economically significant.
Credit Guarantees
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Author : Michael Gudger
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 1998
Credit Guarantees written by Michael Gudger and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Political Science categories.
The problem of collateral is a daily issue for lenders and causes much debate in the development finance community. Given the difficulties experienced in arranging traditional forms of loan security, such as land or chattel mortgages, various collateral substitutes have been proposed. Among the substitutes for traditional collateral is the loan guarantee. Guarantee systems for loans have been proposed, planned and implemented in various countries. The assumption made by proponents of such a service is that the guarantee organization is either better informed about the risk of the loan than the lender or it is better structured financially to be able to manage the risk. Despite the apparent attractiveness of a loan guarantee, the empirical evidence available gives little encouragement. Nevertheless, interest in guarantees continues.
Knowledge Science Engineering And Management
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Author : Songmao Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-23
Knowledge Science Engineering And Management written by Songmao Zhang and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-23 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management, KSEM 2015, held in Chongqing, China, in October 2015. The 57 revised full papers presented together with 22 short papers and 5 keynotes were carefully selected and reviewed from 247 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on formal reasoning and ontologies; knowledge management and concept analysis; knowledge discovery and recognition methods; text mining and analysis; recommendation algorithms and systems; machine learning algorithms; detection methods and analysis; classification and clustering; mobile data analytics and knowledge management; bioinformatics and computational biology; and evidence theory and its application.
Advanced Information Networking And Applications
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Author : Leonard Barolli
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-14
Advanced Information Networking And Applications written by Leonard Barolli and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The aim of the book is to provide latest research findings, innovative research results, methods and development techniques from both theoretical and practical perspectives related to the emerging areas of information networking and applications. Networks of today are going through a rapid evolution and there are many emerging areas of information networking and their applications. Heterogeneous networking supported by recent technological advances in low power wireless communications along with silicon integration of various functionalities such as sensing, communications, intelligence and actuations are emerging as a critically important disruptive computer class based on a new platform, networking structure and interface that enable novel, low cost and high volume applications. Several of such applications have been difficult to realize because of many interconnections problems. To fulfill their large range of applications different kinds of networks need to collaborate and wired and next generation wireless systems should be integrated in order to develop high performance computing solutions to problems arising from the complexities of these networks. This book covers the theory, design and applications of computer networks, distributed computing and information systems.
Wettbewerbsverhalten Der Deutschen Mineral Lindustrie Im Kraftstoffeinzelhandel Insbesondere Preisverhalten
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Author : Oliver Reiber
language : de
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2009
Wettbewerbsverhalten Der Deutschen Mineral Lindustrie Im Kraftstoffeinzelhandel Insbesondere Preisverhalten written by Oliver Reiber and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Antitrust law categories.
In der deutschen Mineralölindustrie ist das Preisverhalten auf Tankstellenebene durch annähernde Gleichpreisigkeit bei den Markenanbietern und eine Parallelität der Preisbewegungen gekennzeichnet. Aus oligopoltheoretischer und kartellrechtlicher Sicht stellt sich die Frage, ob dieses Preisverhalten Ausdruck kollusiven Verhaltens ist oder einfach die gleichgewichtige Reaktion wettbewerblicher Oligopolisten auf Änderungen der Beschaffungspreise und Nachfragebedingungen widerspiegelt. Es gilt, die Frage aus kartellrechtlicher, oligopoltheoretischer und empirischer Perspektive zu betrachten, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Diskussion einer stärkeren ökonomischen Fundierung des Kartellrechts.
Biomedical And Environmental Sensing
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Author : J. I. Agbinya
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-09-01
Biomedical And Environmental Sensing written by J. I. Agbinya and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-01 with Science categories.
At a time when the applications of sensors are in high demand and environmental issues are international priorities, this book on biomedical and environmental sensing provides the technical basis for researchers and students to understand the requirements for biomedical computing and also environmental sensing and to develop solutions in their areas of interests. The book deals with key techniques that need to be understood and also examples of applications of the techniques.Biomedical and environmental sensing are helping to extend the life span of human beings and infrastructures as it has become more and more sensible to understand what is happening for example inside a person, an aircraft, a road network or a bridge and to provide quick response. Several chapters of the book have dealt with the state of the art in biomedical decision support systems in therapeutic medicine. A data driven decision support system and a prototype support system for anaesthetics are major enablers for doctors and nurses to provide efficient and timely response not only to diagnose ailments but also to decide on the preferred approach for solving the problems.The analyses in the chapters are coherently detailed and easy to comprehend. There is a chapter on hypothermia therapy and a hardware probe was also developed and described. Classification of chromosomes is a major aid in DNA analysis and recognition. Thisvaluable insight into a DNA analysis method is provided. Information on heart diseases, onset of heart attacks and failure can be detected through reconstructing electrophysiological information about the surface of the heart. A reconstruction method is described in this book and provides strong foundation for research and training in this life determining area. The remaining chapters on sensing of driver conditions including fatigue peeks into tools and methodologies for understanding both the onset of fatigue and its forms for prevention of accidents in vehicles. The rest of the book gives techniques for planning biomedical and environmental sensor networks and their security.The book will no doubt greatly serve the needs of health professionals, researchers in the health andenvironmental industry and policy makers.Content• Data Driven Therapy Decision Support System• A Prototype Decision Support System for Anesthetists• Development and Testing of a Low Cost, Minimally Invasive Radiofrequency Thermal Probe For Hyperthermia Therapy• Comparative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Functional Brain Imaging Modalities• Design of a Neural Network Classifier for Separation of Images With Chromosomes• De-Noising of Body Surface Potential Signals• Single Channel Wireless EEG: Proposed Application in Train Drivers• Algorithm of remote monitoring ECG using mobile phone: Conception and implementation• Statistical validation of physiological indicators for non-invasive and hybrid driver drowsiness detection system• Security and Privacy of Wireless Sensor Networks for Biomedical• Key Establishment Scheme for Clustered Distributed Sensor Networks• Planning and Addressing of Wireless Sensor Networks• Sensor Scheduling and Redeployment Mechanisms in Wireless Sensor Networks• On the combination of logistic regression and local probability estimates• Stochastic Deterioration Processes for Bridge Lifetime Assessment