Armenischer Genozid Eine Begriffsdebatte
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Armenischer Genozid Eine Begriffsdebatte
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Author : Selina Winkler
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2015-12-11
Armenischer Genozid Eine Begriffsdebatte written by Selina Winkler and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-11 with Law categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2015 im Fachbereich Politik - Thema: Völkerrecht und Menschenrechte, Note: 1,3, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Ein Massaker oder die Vernichtung größerer Menschengruppen als Genozid zu bezeichnen, hat nach der Entwicklung des Genozidbegriffs teilweise fast trendartige Ausmaße angenommen und besitzt doch oft nicht die ausreichende Berechtigung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll deshalb analysiert werden, ob das Massaker an den Armeniern im Osmanischen Reich 1915 als Genozid eingestuft werden kann oder nicht. Zu diesem Zweck wird es anfangs um den Genozidbegriff selbst, seine Entwicklung innerhalb der Singularitätsdebatte und verschiedene diesbezügliche Theorien, sowie die UNGC und deren Problematik gehen. Nach einer Darstellung der Begriffsdebatte um den Genozidbegriff wird anhand der Thesen von Rudolph J. Rummel, Boris Barth und Helen Fein ein Analyseraster festgesetzt, welches im zweiten Teil der Arbeit auf besagte Vorfälle im Osmanischen Reich angewandt wird. Nach dieser Diskussion, ob tatsächlich von einem Genozid an den Armeniern gesprochen werden kann, soll abschließend die Bedeutung des Genozidbegriffs in Gegenwart und Zukunft aufgezeigt werden. Bereits 1933 warf der polnische Jurist Raphael Lemkin auf der fünften internationalen Konferenz zur Vereinheitlichung des Kriminalrechts unter der Schirmherrschaft des Völkerbundes die Frage auf, „ob die Souveränität eines Staates nicht an ihre Grenzen stoße, wenn eine Regierung beginne, in großem Stil ihre eigenen Bürger zu ermorden.“ Zu jenem Zeitpunkt noch ein rein theoretisches Problem ohne juristische Konsequenzen, prägte Lemkin noch während des Zweiten Weltkrieges den Begriff ludobójstwo, zusammengesetzt aus lud und zabójstwo, den polnischen Wörtern für „Volk“ und „Mord“. 1944 übersetzt er ihn als genocide ins Englische, vom griechischen genos für „Volk“ und dem lateinischen caedere für „töten“, und als Völkermord ins Deutsche. Seine und damit die erste Definition des Genozid-Begriffs lautete „the coordinated and planned destruction of a national, religious, racial or ethnic group by different actions through the destruction of the essential foundations of the life of the group with the aim of annihilating it physically and culturally.“ Obwohl also die Debatte darüber, die Vernichtung derartiger Gruppen als Verbrechen unter internationale Strafe zu stellen, nachweislich vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg angeregt wurde, bildete sich die Genozidforschung erst als die sogenannten „post-holocaust-studies“ aus der Holocaustforschung heraus.
The Coming Age Of Scarcity
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Author : Michael N. Dobkowski
language : en
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
Release Date : 1998-03-01
The Coming Age Of Scarcity written by Michael N. Dobkowski and has been published by Syracuse University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-03-01 with Political Science categories.
Michael Dobkowski and Isidor Walliman have edited a book that, although ominous, is not a fatalistic look at the future. The Coming Age of Scarcity lays out the perils of not recognizing the reality of genocide or of acknowledging the full implications of warfare. Showing how scarcity and surplus populations can lead to disaster, The Coming Age of Scarcity is about evil. It tells of "ethnic cleansing" and excavates the world's expanding killing fields. The writers in this volume are all too aware that the future suggests that present-day population growth, land resources, energy consumption, and per capita consumption cannot be sustained without leading to greater catastrophes. The essays in this volume ask: What is the solution in the face of mass death and genocide? As philosopher John K. Roth says in the Foreword, "The essays can sensitize us against despair and indifference because history shows that human-made mass death and genocide are not inevitable, and no events related to them will ever be."
The Oxford Handbook Of Genocide Studies
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Author : Donald Bloxham
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2010-04-15
The Oxford Handbook Of Genocide Studies written by Donald Bloxham and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-15 with History categories.
Genocide has scarred human societies since Antiquity. In the modern era, genocide has been a global phenomenon: from massacres in colonial America, Africa, and Australia to the Holocaust of European Jewry and mass death in Maoist China. In recent years, the discipline of 'genocide studies' has developed to offer analysis and comprehension. The Oxford Handbook of Genocide Studies is the first book to subject both genocide and the young discipline it has spawned to systematic, in-depth investigation. Thirty-four renowned experts study genocide through the ages by taking regional, thematic, and disciplinary-specific approaches. Chapters examine secessionist and political genocides in modern Asia. Others treat the violent dynamics of European colonialism in Africa, the complex ethnic geography of the Great Lakes region, and the structural instability of the continent's northern horn. South and North America receive detailed coverage, as do the Ottoman Empire, Nazi-occupied Europe, and post-communist Eastern Europe. Sustained attention is paid to themes like gender, memory, the state, culture, ethnic cleansing, military intervention, the United Nations, and prosecutions. The work is multi-disciplinary, featuring the work of historians, anthropologists, lawyers, political scientists, sociologists, and philosophers. Uniquely combining empirical reconstruction and conceptual analysis, this Handbook presents and analyses regions of genocide and the entire field of 'genocide studies' in one substantial volume.
Islam In Liberal Europe
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Author : Kai Hafez
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2014-02-07
Islam In Liberal Europe written by Kai Hafez and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-07 with Political Science categories.
Islam in "Liberal" Europe provides the first comprehensive overview of the political and social status of Islam and of Muslim migrants in Europe. Kai Hafez shows that although legal and political systems have made progress toward recognizing Muslims on equal terms and eliminating discriminatory practices that are in contradiction to neutral secularism, “liberal societies” often lag behind. The author argues that Islamophobic murders in Norway and Germany are only the tip of the iceberg of a deep-seated inability of many Europeans to accept cultural globalization when it hits close to home. Although there have always been anti-racist elites and networks in Europe, Hafez contends that the dominant tradition even among seemingly liberal intellectual milieus and their media is Islamophobic. This fact finds expression not only in the growing anti-Islam sentiment among right-wing populists but sometimes also in so-called enlightened forms of contemporary media, public opinion, school curricula, and Christian interfaith dialogues. In addition to offering a critical assessment of positive and negative trends in Islamic-Western relations, Hafez also engages in a theoretical debate revolving around integration, tolerance, multicultural liberalism, and modern liberal democracy. He combines political philosophy and political and social theory with current analysis on communication and the role of both religious and secular institutions in community-building in modern societies. In essence, the author debates the question of whether liberal society in Europe, in order to avoid a growing gap between integrative politics and discriminatory societies, needs a complete renewal not only of political ideologies but also of cultures and institutions.
The Holocaust And Memory In The Global Age
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Author : Daniel Levy
language : en
Publisher: Temple University Press
Release Date : 2006
The Holocaust And Memory In The Global Age written by Daniel Levy and has been published by Temple University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with History categories.
Daniel Levy and Natan Sznaider examine the forms that collective memory take in the age of globalisation. They explore how the Holocaust has been remembered in Germany, Israel and the US over the past 50 years and demonstrate how this event has become detached from its precise context.
Building Europe
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Author : Cris Shore
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-05
Building Europe written by Cris Shore and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with Social Science categories.
The development of the European Union has been one of the most profound advances in European politics and society this century. Yet the institutions of Europe and the 'Eurocrats' who work in them have constantly attracted negative publicity, culminating in the mass resignation of the European Commissioners in March 1999. In this revealing study, Cris Shore scrutinises the process of European integration using the techniques of anthropology, and drawing on thought from across the social sciences. Using the findings of numerous interviews with EU employees, he reveals that there is not just a subculture of corruption within the institutions of Europe, but that their problems are largely a result of the way the EU itself is constituted and run. He argues that European integration has largely failed in bringing about anything but an ever-closer integration of the technical, political and financial elites of Europe - at the expense of its ordinary citizens. This critical anthropology of European integration is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the culture and politics of the EU.
Annihilating Difference
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Author : Alexander Laban Hinton
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2002-08-15
Annihilating Difference written by Alexander Laban Hinton and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-15 with Social Science categories.
Genocide is one of the most pressing issues that confronts us today. Its death toll is staggering: over one hundred million dead. Because of their intimate experience in the communities where genocide takes place, anthropologists are uniquely positioned to explain how and why this mass annihilation occurs and the types of devastation genocide causes. This ground breaking book, the first collection of original essays on genocide to be published in anthropology, explores a wide range of cases, including Nazi Germany, Cambodia, Guatemala, Rwanda, and Bosnia.
Hitler S Volksgemeinschaft And The Dynamics Of Racial Exclusion
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Author : Michael Wildt
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2012-07
Hitler S Volksgemeinschaft And The Dynamics Of Racial Exclusion written by Michael Wildt and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07 with History categories.
In the spring of 1933, German society was deeply divided – in the Reichstag elections on 5 March, only a small percentage voted for Hitler. Yet, once he seized power, his creation of a socially inclusive Volksgemeinschaft, promising equality, economic prosperity and the restoration of honor and pride after the humiliating ending of World War I persuaded many Germans to support him and to shut their eyes to dictatorial coercion, concentration camps, secret state police, and the exclusion of large sections of the population. The author argues however, that the everyday practice of exclusion changed German society itself: bureaucratic discrimination and violent anti-Jewish actions destroyed the civil and constitutional order and transformed the German nation into an aggressive and racist society. Based on rich source material, this book offers one of the most comprehensive accounts of this transformation as it traces continuities and discontinuities and the replacement of a legal order with a violent one, the extent of which may not have been intended by those involved.
Trust And Violence
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Author : Jan Philipp Reemtsma
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-22
Trust And Violence written by Jan Philipp Reemtsma and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-22 with Philosophy categories.
A philosophical investigation into the connections between trust and violence The limiting of violence through state powers is one of the central projects of the modern age. Why then have recent centuries been so bloody? In Trust and Violence, acclaimed German intellectual and public figure Jan Philipp Reemtsma demonstrates that the aim of decreasing and deterring violence has gone hand in hand with the misleading idea that violence is abnormal and beyond comprehension. We would be far better off, Reemtsma argues, if we acknowledged the disturbing fact that violence is normal. At the same time, Reemtsma contends that violence cannot be fully understood without delving into the concept of trust. Not in violence, but in trust, rests the foundation of true power. Reemtsma makes his case with a wide-ranging history of ideas about violence, from ancient philosophy through Shakespeare and Schiller to Michel Foucault, and by considering specific cases of extreme violence from medieval torture to the Holocaust and beyond. In the midst of this gloomy account of human tendencies, Reemtsma shrewdly observes that even dictators have to sleep at night and cannot rely on violence alone to ensure their safety. These authoritarian leaders must trust others while, by means other than violence, they must convince others to trust them. The history of violence is therefore a history of the peculiar relationship between violence and trust, and a recognition of trust's crucial place in humanity. A broad and insightful book that touches on philosophy, sociology, and political theory, Trust and Violence sheds new, and at times disquieting, light on two integral aspects of our society.
Diaspora Identity And Religion
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Author : Carolin Alfonso
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2004-07-31
Diaspora Identity And Religion written by Carolin Alfonso and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-31 with Political Science categories.
Over the last decade, concepts of diaspora and locality have gained complex new meanings in political discourse as well as in social and cultural studies. Diaspora, in particular, has acquired new meanings related to notions such as global deterritorialization, transnational migration and cultural hybridity. The authors discuss the key concepts and theory, focus on the meaning of religion both as a factor in forming diasporic social organisations, as well as shaping and maintaining diasporic identities, and the appropriation of space and place in history. It includes up to date research of the Caribbean, Irish, Armenian, African and Greek diasporas.