Asymmetrien In Der Neuen Konomischen Geographie
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Asymmetrien In Der Neuen Konomischen Geographie
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Author : Frohwerk, Sascha
language : de
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2011
Asymmetrien In Der Neuen Konomischen Geographie written by Frohwerk, Sascha and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Science categories.
Die Neue Ökonomische Geographie (NEG) erklärt Agglomerationen aus einem mikroökonomischen Totalmodell heraus. Zur Vereinfachung werden verschiedene Symmetrieannahmen getätigt. So wird davon ausgegangen, dass die betrachteten Regionen die gleiche Größe haben, die Ausgabenanteile für verschiedene Gütergruppen identisch sind und die Transportkosten für alle Industrieprodukte die selben sind. Eine Folge dieser Annahmen ist es, dass zwar erklärt werden kann, unter welchen Bedingungen es zur Agglomerationsbildung kommt, nicht aber wo dies geschieht. In dieser Arbeit werden drei Standardmodelle der NEG um verschiedene Asymmetrien erweitert und die Veränderung der Ergebnisse im Vergleich zum jeweiligen Basismodell dargestellt. Dabei wird neben der Theorie auf die Methoden der Simulation eingegangen, die sich grundsätzlich auf andere Modelle übertragen lassen. Darauf aufbauend wird eine asymmetrische Modellvariante auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung Deutschlands angewandt. So lässt sich das Ausbleiben eines flächendeckenden Aufschwungs in den neuen Ländern, die starken Wanderungsbewegungen in die alten Länder und das dauerhafte Lohnsatzgefälle in einem Totalmodell erklären.
Elemente Der Neuen Konomischen Geographie
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Author : Schöler, Klaus
language : de
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2010
Elemente Der Neuen Konomischen Geographie written by Schöler, Klaus and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Science categories.
Die wichtigste Frage der Raumwirtschaftstheorie lautet: Welches sind die Ursachen für die Entstehung, den Bestand und die Wandlungen räumlicher Wirtschaftsstrukturen? Zu den markantesten Strukturen gehören zweifellos Agglomerationen, die nicht auf natürliche Ursachen zurückgeführt werden können. Die Neue Ökonomische Geographie gibt eine Antwort auf die Frage nach den Gründen ihrer Existenz aus einem mikroökonomischen Totalmodell, das unterschiedliche Regionen und Produktionssektoren, heterogene Güter und unterschiedliche Transportkosten berücksichtigt. Das vorliegende Buch verfolgt drei Ziele: Zunächst wird dieses neue Paradigma in einen dogmenhistorischen Zusammenhang mit der traditionellen Raumwirtschaftstheorie und Handelstheorie gestellt. Ferner wird das Basismodell des Ansatzes ausführlich beschrieben und danach kritisch diskutiert. Schließlich werden einige Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, die in der Lage sind, einige zuvor genannte Kritikpunkte bezüglich des Grundmodells aufzuheben.
The Role Of Bargaining Power
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Author : Vincent Victor
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2019
The Role Of Bargaining Power written by Vincent Victor and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Business & Economics categories.
Neoclassical theory omits the role of bargaining power in the determination of wages. As a result, the importance of changes in the bargaining position for the development of income shares in the last decades is underestimated. This paper presents a theoretical argument why collective bargaining power is a main determinant of workers’ share of income and how its decline contributed to the severe changes in the distribution of income since the 1980s. In order to confirm this hypothesis, a panel data regression analysis is performed that suggests that unions significantly influence the distribution of income in developed countries. Diese empirische Studie untersucht den Einfluss der Staatsform auf den Einsatz und das Ausmaß von Wirtschaftssanktionen unter Verwendung von Regressionsanalysen. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf ein friedliches Wirtschaftsverhältnis zwischen den Demokratien hin. Die bisherige Forschung hat den demokratischen Wirtschaftsfrieden mithilfe der institutionellen Theorie erklärt, die das Sanktionsverhalten auf ein rationalistisches Kosten-Nutzen-Kalkül zurückführt. Demgegenüber vertritt die konstruktivistische Theorie die Auffassung, dass die friedvollere Konfliktbewältigung unter Demokratien auf die Ausbildung einer gemeinsamen Identität, sowie auf gemeinsame Werte und Normen zurückzuführen sei.
Eu Russia Energy Relations
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Author : Böhme, Dimo
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2014-10-09
Eu Russia Energy Relations written by Böhme, Dimo and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-09 with categories.
Public debate about energy relations between the EU and Russia is distorted. These distortions present considerable obstacles to the development of true partnership. At the core of the conflict is a struggle for resource rents between energy producing, energy consuming and transit countries. Supposed secondary aspects, however, are also of great importance. They comprise of geopolitics, market access, economic development and state sovereignty. The European Union, having engaged in energy market liberalisation, faces a widening gap between declining domestic resources and continuously growing energy demand. Diverse interests inside the EU prevent the definition of a coherent and respected energy policy. Russia, for its part, is no longer willing to subsidise its neighbouring economies by cheap energy exports. The Russian government engages in assertive policies pursuing Russian interests. In so far, it opts for a different globalisation approach, refusing the role of mere energy exporter. In view of the intensifying struggle for global resources, Russia, with its large energy potential, appears to be a very favourable option for European energy supplies, if not the best one. However, several outcomes of the strategic game between the two partners can be imagined. Engaging in non-cooperative strategies will in the end leave all stakeholders worse-off. The European Union should therefore concentrate on securing its partnership with Russia instead of damaging it. Stable cooperation would need the acceptance that the partner may pursue his own goals, which might be different from one’s own interests. The question is, how can a sustainable compromise be found? This thesis finds that a mix of continued dialogue, a tit for tat approach bolstered by an international institutional framework and increased integration efforts appears as a preferable solution.
Inside The Capitalist Firm
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Author : Dunn, Malcolm
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2014-01-16
Inside The Capitalist Firm written by Dunn, Malcolm and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-16 with Business enterprises categories.
This book deals with the inner life of the capitalist firm. There we find numerous conflicts, the most important of which concerns the individual employment relationship which is understood as a principal-agent problem between the manager, the principal, who issues orders that are to be followed by the employee, the agent. Whereas economic theory traditionally analyses this relationship from a (normative) perspective of the firm in order to support the manager in finding ways to influence the behavior of the employees, such that the latter – ideally – act on behalf of their superior, this book takes a neutral stance. It focusses on explaining individual behavioral patterns and the resulting interactions between the actors in the firm by taking sociological, institutional, and above all, psychological research into consideration. In doing so, insights are gained which challenge many assertions economists take for granted.
Financial Performance And Social Goals Of Microfinance Institutions
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Author : Julian Schmied
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2014-12-01
Financial Performance And Social Goals Of Microfinance Institutions written by Julian Schmied and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-01 with categories.
Critics argue that there has been a trend among Microfinance Institutions (MFI) to focus on profitability in order to stay financially sustainable. This made some institutions neglect the social mission of microfinancing. In this paper I intend to examine if empirical evidence supports this so called mission drift hypothesis as well as other claims in this context. Using the global panel data set of the MIX (Microfinance Information Exchange), which gathers from 1995 to 2010 and contains up to 1400 institutions with a high variety of organizational forms, I was able to identify a world-wide mission drift effect in their social goal of reaching out the poorest part of the population. Furthermore, I find that, on average, the outreach of an MFI has a significant negative influence on its short and long term financial performance. Despite that, I eventually proved that the probability that an MFI worsens its social performance substantially increases if its profitability has decreased in the previous years.
Corruption Good Governance And The African State
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Author : Ganahl, Joseph Patrick
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2014-02-18
Corruption Good Governance And The African State written by Ganahl, Joseph Patrick and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-18 with Africa categories.
African states are often called corrupt, indicating that the political system in Africa differs from the one prevalent in economically advanced democracies. This, however, does not give us any insight into what makes corruption the dominant norm of African statehood. Thus we must turn to the overly neglected theoretical work on the political economy of Africa in order to determine how the poverty of governance in Africa is firmly anchored both in Africa’s domestic socioeconomic reality, as well as in the region’s role in the international economic order. Instead of focusing on increased monitoring, enforcement and formal democratic procedures, this book combines economic analysis with political theory in order to arrive at a better understanding of the political-economic roots of corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Beitr Ge Zur Sektoralen Und Regionalen Konomie
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Author : Tatʹjana Gennadʹevna Nikitina
language : de
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2011
Beitr Ge Zur Sektoralen Und Regionalen Konomie written by Tatʹjana Gennadʹevna Nikitina and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
Die Beiträge des Sammelbandes sind im Rahmen eines Forschungs- und Doktorandenseminars vorgetragen und diskutiert worden, das im Dezember 2010 in Potsdam stattfand und an dem Wissenschaftler der Staatlichen Universität für Wirtschaft und Finanzen, St. Petersburg, und Wissenschaftler der Lehrstühle für Statistik und Ökonomie sowie für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Wirtschaftstheorie, der Universität Potsdam teilnahmen. Die Veröffentlichung der Aufsätze zeigt zum einen die Vielfalt der Forschungsfelder an beiden Universitäten, die sich aus den unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten der wissenschaftlichen Einheiten ergeben, sie zeigt auch zum anderen in beispielhafter Weise die unterschiedlichen Forschungstraditionen und Forschungsstile an beiden Universitäten. Die Beiträge beziehen sich sowohl auf ausgewählte Branchen und als auch auf bestimmte raumwirtschaftliche Fragestellungen.
Rural Poverty Vulnerability And Food Insecurity
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Author : Victor Oviedo Treiber
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2014
Rural Poverty Vulnerability And Food Insecurity written by Victor Oviedo Treiber and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Water Management Policies And Their Impact On Irrigated Crop Production In The Murray Darling Basin Australia
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Author : Burdack, Doreen
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2015-06-09
Water Management Policies And Their Impact On Irrigated Crop Production In The Murray Darling Basin Australia written by Burdack, Doreen and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-09 with Water resources development categories.
The economic impact analysis contained in this book shows how irrigation farming is particularly susceptible when applying certain water management policies in the Australian Murray-Darling Basin, one of the world largest river basins and Australia’s most fertile region. By comparing different pricing and non-pricing water management policies with the help of the Water Integrated Market Model, it is found that the impact of water demand reducing policies is most severe on crops that need to be intensively irrigated and are at the same time less water productive. A combination of increasingly frequent and severe droughts and the application of policies that decrease agricultural water demand, in the same region, will create a situation in which the highly water dependent crops rice and cotton cannot be cultivated at all.