Atherosclerosis And Air Pollution Understanding Traffic Related Exposure And Its Effects
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Atherosclerosis And Air Pollution Understanding Traffic Related Exposure And Its Effects
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Author : Marcela Rivera
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Atherosclerosis And Air Pollution Understanding Traffic Related Exposure And Its Effects written by Marcela Rivera and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Atherosclerosis And Air Pollution
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Author : Marcela Rivera
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Atherosclerosis And Air Pollution written by Marcela Rivera and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Environmental Cardiology
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Author : Aruni Bhatnagar
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2010
Environmental Cardiology written by Aruni Bhatnagar and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Medical categories.
Annotation Although it is widely recognized that environmental factors such as smoking, diet, exercise, and socioeconomic status affect the risk of cardiovascular disease, recent work showing the effects of other environmental factors provides a more complete assessment of the situation. This view has emerged from three developments. Firstly, there has been a sudden explosion in the prevalence of diabetes and obesity which indicates a strong environmental component. Secondly, there is an accumulation of evidence suggesting that most cases of these diseases could be prevented by healthy lifestyle choices. Finally, studies have shown that exposure to environmental pollutants has a significant effect on heart disease risk. This book is the first to provide a comprehensive account of the effects of pollutants on heart disease and to integrate this area of research within the overall theme of environmental cardiology. The introductory chapter outlines the effects of different aspects of the environment on heart disease and provides a context for the discussion that follows. Subsequent chapters give an overview of the effects of particulate matter and discuss the epidemiological studies supporting the link. The book then goes on to cover the effects of pollution on different aspects of cardiovascular disease (hypertension, stroke, heart failure, ischemic heart disease and atherogenesis). Because of a close association between diabetes and heart disease, a discussion of the effects of particulate matter on diabetes is also included. Later chapters discuss the effects of individual pollutants such as vehicular emissions, metals and aldehydes. A review on manufactured nanoparticles is incorporated because these particles represent an important new threat to cardiovascular health. The understanding that emerges from this monograph suggests that we must be more alert to the effects of the environment and develop strategies that target, not only the diseased individual, but also the unhealthy, disease-causing environment. It is essential reading for cardiologists, epidemiologists, urban planners and pollution control specialists.
Traffic Related Air Pollution
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Author : Health Effects Institute. Panel on the Health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Traffic Related Air Pollution written by Health Effects Institute. Panel on the Health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Air categories.
Clinical Handbook Of Air Pollution Related Diseases
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Author : Fabio Capello
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-21
Clinical Handbook Of Air Pollution Related Diseases written by Fabio Capello and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-21 with Medical categories.
This book examines in detail the clinical implications of those diseases that either are primarily triggered by air pollution or represent direct consequences of air pollutants. The aim is to provide medical practitioners with practical solutions to issues in diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously furnishing other interested parties with crucial information on the field. The book introduces the concept that air pollution-related diseases constitute a new class of pathologies. A wide range of conditions mainly attributable to air pollution are discussed, covering different body systems and pollution impacts in subsets of the population. In addition to presenting state of the art overviews of clinical aspects, the book carefully examines the implications of current knowledge for social and public health strategies aimed at disease prevention and prophylaxis. The Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases will greatly assist doctors and healthcare workers when dealing with the consequences of air pollution in their everyday practice and will provide researchers, industry, and policymakers with valuable facts and insights.
Traffic Related Air Pollution
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Author : Haneen Khreis
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2020-08-20
Traffic Related Air Pollution written by Haneen Khreis and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-20 with Transportation categories.
Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP’s public health impacts Examines TRAP’s health effects at the population level Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects
Air Pollution And High Density Lipoprotein Structure And Function
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Author : Griffith A. R. Bell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Air Pollution And High Density Lipoprotein Structure And Function written by Griffith A. R. Bell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence suggests that air pollution is an important contributor to risk of cardiovascular disease. Federal regulatory agencies require evidence of the biological mechanisms explaining the relationship between air pollution and cardiovascular disease in order to inform regulatory policy. High density lipoproteins (HDL) are an important cardiovascular risk factor, and air pollution induced changes in HDL may explain some of this relationship. We examined the relationship between air pollution and HDL in a suite of complementary studies. METHODS: We first examined the cross-sectional relationship between air pollution and both HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL particle number (HDL-P) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Air Pollution study (MESA Air), an ethnically diverse cohort of community-dwelling adults. We also examined whether HDL mediated the longitudinal relationship between air pollution and coronary artery calcium (CAC) in MESA. We estimated individual residential ambient fine particulate pollution exposure (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) concentrations using a fine-scale likelihood-based spatiotemporal model and cohort-specific monitoring. HDL-C and HDL-P were measured using the cholesterol oxidase method and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. CAC was measured at multiple exams using computed tomographic imaging with a standardized method. We used multivariable linear regression and linear mixed models to examine the relationship between air pollution exposure, HDL measures, and CAC outcomes. We also examined the relationship between controlled exposure to air pollution in an experimental setting, using a double-blind crossover design randomized by order of intervention/control status. Diesel-powered motor vehicles are a major source of urban PM2.5, and we use well-characterized and tightly controlled diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation as a model of traffic-related air pollution exposure. We examined the effect of traffic-related air pollutants on anti-oxidant function of HDL, on paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, and on changes in the HDL proteome. Outcomes were measured before and after exposure to either DE or filtered air and changes in HDL outcomes were examined using linear mixed models. RESULTS: In our cross-sectional study, a 0.7 10-6m-1 higher exposure to black carbon (a marker of traffic-related pollution) averaged over a one-year period was associated with a lower HDL-C. In the three month averaging time period, a 5 μg/m3 higher PM2.5 was associated with lower HDL-P, but not HDL-C. In our controlled experimental study, we did not find evidence that exposure to DE was associated with changes in HDL function or measured characteristics. We did not find that HDL mediated the longitudinal relationship between air pollution and CAC. We did, however, find that an averaged one year 5 μg/m3 higher PM2.5 was associated with lower annual change in HDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: These data are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to ambient air pollution is adversely associated with measures of HDL. Our study used state of the art measurement of air pollution combined with novel measures of HDL to produce new evidence supporting the relationship between air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Future study is needed to explain how these changes occur and if chronic exposure to air pollution may be associated with changes in HDL function over time.
Health Of People Health Of Planet And Our Responsibility
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Author : Wael Al-Delaimy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-05-13
Health Of People Health Of Planet And Our Responsibility written by Wael Al-Delaimy and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-13 with Medical categories.
This open access book not only describes the challenges of climate disruption, but also presents solutions. The challenges described include air pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and related health impacts that range from heat stress, vector-borne diseases, food and water insecurity and chronic diseases to malnutrition and mental well-being. The influence of humans on climate change has been established through extensive published evidence and reports. However, the connections between climate change, the health of the planet and the impact on human health have not received the same level of attention. Therefore, the global focus on the public health impacts of climate change is a relatively recent area of interest. This focus is timely since scientists have concluded that changes in climate have led to new weather extremes such as floods, storms, heat waves, droughts and fires, in turn leading to more than 600,000 deaths and the displacement of nearly 4 billion people in the last 20 years. Previous work on the health impacts of climate change was limited mostly to epidemiologic approaches and outcomes and focused less on multidisciplinary, multi-faceted collaborations between physical scientists, public health researchers and policy makers. Further, there was little attention paid to faith-based and ethical approaches to the problem. The solutions and actions we explore in this book engage diverse sectors of civil society, faith leadership, and political leadership, all oriented by ethics, advocacy, and policy with a special focus on poor and vulnerable populations. The book highlights areas we think will resonate broadly with the public, faith leaders, researchers and students across disciplines including the humanities, and policy makers.
The Impact Of Air Pollution On Health Economy Environment And Agricultural Sources
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Author : Mohamed Khallaf
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-09-26
The Impact Of Air Pollution On Health Economy Environment And Agricultural Sources written by Mohamed Khallaf and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-26 with Science categories.
This book aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with Air Pollution. The book consists of 21 chapters dealing with Air Pollution and its effects in the fields of Health, Environment, Economy and Agricultural Sources. It is divided into four sections. The first one deals with effect of air pollution on health and human body organs. The second section includes the Impact of air pollution on plants and agricultural sources and methods of resistance. The third section includes environmental changes, geographic and climatic conditions due to air pollution. The fourth section includes case studies concerning of the impact of air pollution in the economy and development goals, such as, indoor air pollution in México, indoor air pollution and millennium development goals in Bangladesh, epidemiologic and economic impact of natural gas on indoor air pollution in Colombia and economic growth and air pollution in Iran during development programs. In this book the authors explain the definition of air pollution, the most important pollutants and their different sources and effects on humans and various fields of life. The authors offer different solutions to the problems resulting from air pollution.
Who Guidelines For Indoor Air Quality
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2010
Who Guidelines For Indoor Air Quality written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with House & Home categories.
This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.