Basque Campaign Against Torture
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Basque Campaign Against Torture
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Author : Basque Campaign
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Basque Campaign Against Torture written by Basque Campaign and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Political science categories.
Ending Eta S Armed Campaign
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Author : Imanol Murua
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2016-11-10
Ending Eta S Armed Campaign written by Imanol Murua and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-10 with Political Science categories.
This book explains how and why the Basque separatist armed group ETA decided to end its armed campaign against the Spanish state. The ETA’s armed campaign for Basque independence lasted fifty years and led to more than 800 casualties. This book analyzes the factors that led to ETA ending its campaign of violence in 2011, despite having yet to achieve its political objectives. It explains how the Basque pro-independence movement’s political leadership won an internal battle and brought ETA to a position in which abandoning violence was the only feasible choice. The work argues that the key factor leading to the cessation of violence was the loss of support for armed struggle within the pro-independence social base, and it examines why and how that support decreased so decisively. Written by a former journalist, the narrative is based on more than 30 interviews, including former members of ETA, Spanish judges, former ministers of the Spanish government, political leaders of all Basque political parties—from the Nationalist Left to the Partido Popular (PP)—and international mediators. As such, it is the first book to recount in detail the inside story of the internal struggle within the Nationalist Left movement, and particularly between the political party Batasuna and ETA. This book will be of much interest to students of political violence, ethnic conflict, nationalism, Spanish politics, security studies, and IR.
Eta S Terrorist Campaign
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Author : Rafael Leonisio
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-07-28
Eta S Terrorist Campaign written by Rafael Leonisio and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Political Science categories.
This book analyses the rise and decline of the Basque terrorist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA, Basque Homeland and Freedom). ETA declared a unilateral ceasefire in November 2011, bringing to a close a campaign of political violence that started in the late 1960s. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, the overwhelming majority of secession supporters agreed that an independent Basque homeland would be realised through ‘ballots’ and not ‘bullets’. Providing an inter-disciplinary overview of radical Basque nationalism that pays special attention to the drivers for ETA’s decline, defeat and disbandment, this book includes chapters by historians, political scientists and sociologists who offer three important theoretical and empirical contributions to the literature on nationhood and security studies. Firstly the book re-assesses the military conflict that opposed ETA and the Spanish state, by paying special attention to tactical and strategic considerations as well as the counter-terrorist policy itself. Secondly it provides an original interpretation of the politics of fear which surrounded the process of victimization, as well as assessing the extent to which the issue of violence led to the polarisation of citizens. Thirdly the authors examine the historical narratives and rituals that contributed to the production and reproduction of identity binaries and memories of war. Arguing that the defeat of ETA must be contextualised within the strategic evolution of Basque nationalism, the declining resonance of the radical message and the effectiveness of the Spanish counter-terrorist effort, this book is essential reading for students and scholars working in the areas of European politics, nationalism and terrorism studies.
Endgame For Eta
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Author : Teresa Whitfield
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-01
Endgame For Eta written by Teresa Whitfield and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Political Science categories.
The violent Basque separatist group ETA took shape in Franco's Spain, yet claimed the majority of its victims under democracy. For most Spaniards it became an aberration, a criminal and terrorist band whose persistence defied explanation. Others, mainly Basques (but only some Basques) understood ETA as the violent expression of a political conflict that remained the unfinished business of Spain's transition to democracy. Such differences hindered efforts to 'defeat' ETA's terrorism on the one hand and 'resolve the Basque conflict' on the other for more than three decades. Endgame for ETA offers a compelling account of the long path to ETA's declaration of a definitive end to its armed activity in October 2011. Its political surrogates remain as part of a resurgence of regional nationalism - in the Basque Country as in Catalonia - that is but one element of multiple crises confronting Spain. The Basque case has been cited as an ex- ample of the perils of 'talking to terrorists'. Drawing on extensive field research, Teresa Whitfield argues that while negotiations did not prosper, a form of 'virtual peacemaking' was an essential complement to robust police action and social condemnation. Together they helped to bring ETA's violence to an end and return its grievances to the channels of normal politics.
International Solidarity In The Low Countries During The Twentieth Century
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Author : Kim Christiaens
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-10-12
International Solidarity In The Low Countries During The Twentieth Century written by Kim Christiaens and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-12 with History categories.
During the 20th century, a variety of social movements and civil society groups stepped into the arena of international politics. This volume collects innovative research on international solidarity movements in Belgium and the Netherlands, and places these movements prominently in debates about the history of globalization, transnational activism, and international politics.
Dirty War Clean Hands
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Author : Paddy Woodworth
language : en
Publisher: Cork University Press
Release Date : 2001
Dirty War Clean Hands written by Paddy Woodworth and has been published by Cork University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.
The investigations continue and Garzon is still attempting to establish the full extent of the relationship between the former Spanish Government and the GAL's death squads."--Jacket.
Eta And Basque Nationalism Rle Terrorism Insurgency
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Author : John L. Sullivan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-04-17
Eta And Basque Nationalism Rle Terrorism Insurgency written by John L. Sullivan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-17 with Political Science categories.
This book traces the formation of ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna) and the tensions created by its combination and aims: socialism and Basque nationalism. The Basque Nationalist movement emerged in the late nineteenth century as a response to the rapid transformation of Basque society by industrialisation. The influx of Spanish-speaking workers to Basque territories seemed to threaten the stability of basque society. Gradually the immigrants became absorbed into the radical struggle, with the creation of illegal trade unions and the need to resist the Franco regimne by whatever means. Over the next half century Basque consicousness developed until the radical nationalist organisation ETA was formed in 1959.
Ghosts Of Spain
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Author : Giles Tremlett
language : en
Publisher: Faber & Faber
Release Date : 2008-10-02
Ghosts Of Spain written by Giles Tremlett and has been published by Faber & Faber this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-02 with Travel categories.
The Spanish are reputed to be amongst Europe's most voluble people. So why have they kept silent about the terrors of the Spanish Civil War and the rule of dictator Generalísimo Francisco Franco? The appearance - sixty years after that war ended - of mass graves containing victims of General Franco's death squads has finally broken what Spaniards call 'the pact of forgetting'. At this charged moment, Giles Tremlett embarked on a journey around Spain - and through Spanish history. As well as a moving exploration of Spanish politics, Tremlett's journey was also an attempt to make sense of his personal experience of the Spanish. Why do they dislike authority figures, but are cowed by a doctor's white coat? How had women embraced feminism without men noticing? What binds gypsies, jails and flamenco? Why do the Spanish go to plastic surgeons, donate their organs, visit brothels or take cocaine more than other Europeans? 'Lively and well-informed . . . at once a history, a journalistic inquiry and a travel book.' Sunday Telegraph
Tolerating Terrorism In The West
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Author : Noemi Gal-Or
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-06-18
Tolerating Terrorism In The West written by Noemi Gal-Or and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-18 with Political Science categories.
Has terrorism lost the power to shock and appal? Have liberal democracies learned to tolerate terrorism? Using case studies of governments’ and societies’ responses to terrorism, this book, first published in 1991, shows how attitudes towards terrorism have developed. Five western countries with differing political structures and histories are studied: Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, Israel, Italy and Spain. The analysis investigates the roles of social, political, legal, professional and religious institutions and movements in formulating the approved attitude towards terrorism that governs political bodies as well as society at large. This book will be of interest to students of politics and sociology.
Country Reports On Human Rights Practices
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Country Reports On Human Rights Practices written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Civil rights categories.