Beyond Neurotransmission
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Beyond Neurotransmission
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Author : Paul Katz
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 1999-08-05
Beyond Neurotransmission written by Paul Katz and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-08-05 with Psychology categories.
Neurons use many modes of communication to transmit information besides what has come to be called neurotransmission. One of the most important of these is neuromodulation, where the signal from one neuron changes the properties of other neurons or synapses. This book provides the foundations for understanding the cellular and molecular basis for neuromodulatory effects. It goes on to illustrate some key examples of the roles played by neuromodulation in sensory processing, neuromuscular transmission, generation of motor behaviours, and learning.
Beyond Neurotransmission
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Author : Jennifer Korthas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Beyond Neurotransmission written by Jennifer Korthas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Antidepressants categories.
Co Existence And Co Release Of Classical Neurotransmitters
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Author : Rafael Gutierrez
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-16
Co Existence And Co Release Of Classical Neurotransmitters written by Rafael Gutierrez and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-16 with Medical categories.
Dale's Principle postulated that a neuron functions as a metabolic unit, whereby a process occurring in the cell can influence all of the compartments of that given neuron. This was unfortunately transformed in the literature to a principle stating that “a single cell releases only one neurotransmitter”. Until recently, this has influenced many neuroscientists to consider with skepticism the idea that classical neurotransmitters could be co-released from neurons. It is now clear that the “one neuron, one neurotransmitter” postulate is the exception rather than the rule. The aim of this book is to gather the available evidence, provided by the authors that have discovered and studied the co-existence or co-release of several pairs of neurotransmitters, in several neural networks. It will provide a timely overview of a mechanism of neural communication that is likely to attract increasing attention of the neuroscientific community.
Neurotransmitter Interactions And Cognitive Function
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Author : BUTCHER
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2012-03-02
Neurotransmitter Interactions And Cognitive Function written by BUTCHER and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-02 with Medical categories.
JAMES L. MCGAUGH Understanding of the nature and functions of neurotransmitter systems in the brain has increased enormously in recent decades. Lack of knowledge required us, not too long ago, to use the adjective "putative" when discussing transmitters. Such caution is no longer essential (at least for a number of transmitters). Impressive progress has been achieved in understanding the pharmacology, biochemistry and anatomy of transmitter systems. There has, however, been relatively less progress in understanding the functioning of brain transmitters in regulating and mediating behavior. A simple and certainly correct explanation for this is, of course, that understanding of neurotransmitter functions requires prior detailed knowledge of basic pharmacology, biochemistry and anatomy. Beyond that, it now seems likely that progress in understanding the functions of brain neurotransmitters will proceed only as we examine the interactions of neurotransmitter systems in regulating behavioral functions. This premise is, of course, suggested by the findings of studies of the chemical neuroanatomy of the brain: Neurotransmitter systems are influenced by other neurotransmitter systems and, in tum, influence the same as well as other systems. No system works alone. The chapters in this book explicitly examine the interactions of neurotransmitter systems involved in the regulation of cognitive processes. The facts and interpretations offered provide compelling support for the premise that cognitive processes are orchestrated by interactions among neurotransmitter systems. And, they offer promise that understanding of such interactions will be of critical importance in the develop ment of treatments for brain diseases affecting cognitive functioning.
Stress Coping And The Bipartite Serotonin Neurotransmission Hypothesis Implications For Neuropsychopharmacology In Brain Injury Medicine And Beyond
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Author : Gary Goldberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Stress Coping And The Bipartite Serotonin Neurotransmission Hypothesis Implications For Neuropsychopharmacology In Brain Injury Medicine And Beyond written by Gary Goldberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Stress, Coping and the Bipartite Serotonin Neurotransmission Hypothesis:Implications for Neuropsychopharmacology in Brain Injury Medicine and Beyond.Goldberg G 1,21 Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond Virginia, United States2 Medical College of Virginia / Virginia Commonwealth University Healthcare System, Richmond Virginia, United StatesA novel bipartite functional model of serotonin neurotransmission has recently been proposed in which two major serotonin receptor subtypes--5-HT1AR and 5-HT2AR, respectively--are involved in a complementary manner in the processes involved in u2018flexible copingu2019 with allostatic load.(1) While the 5-HT1AR receptor subsystem is proposed to be involved in 'passive coping' understood as habituation to adverse circumstances, the 5-HT2AR subsystem is proposed to be involved in 'active coping' understood as the active process of addressing a source of stress. This active process involves 'enhanced plasticity' associated with a u2018capacity for changeu2019 in relation to the projected impact of the source of stress. While the typically dominant u2018defaultu2019 response to stress may be the habituation/accommodation mediated through the 5-HT1AR receptor subsystem, 5-HT2AR mediated plasticity supporting 'creative re-structuring' may become an increasingly dire imperative as the level of adversity and perceived existential threat rises to a critical point at which a decompensating u2018catastrophic reactionu2019 due to overwhelming existential uncertainty may be precipitated resulting in incapacitating severe anxiety and/or depression.(2) This hypothesis will be reviewed and presented along with various implications for clinical strategies for neuropsychopharmacological facilitation of serotonin-mediated adaptive response to the allostatic load produced by acquired brain injury (ABI). This approach will be developed recognizing that the central nervous system (CNS) normally plays a primary role in coordinating the strategic dynamic management of existential uncertainty through allostasis (3,4) and the reduction of free energy in the system comprised of the injured person striving to function effectively in the context of various affordances offered through perceived environmental conditions.(5) The basic challenges in effective holistic ABI rehabilitation relate to the fact that it is injury to the CNS that itself produces complex allostatic load while simultaneously precipitating increased personal vulnerability to adversity through diminishment of the capacity of the primary organ system involved in conferring resilience through the intentional effective strategic coordination of allostasis.(6) The broader implications of this overall conceptual approach for Brain Injury Medicine will be examined in this paper.1. Carhart-Harris RL, Nutt DJ. Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors. Journal of Psychopharmacology 31:1091-1120, 20172. Goldstein K. Der Aufbau des Organismus. Einfu00fchrung in die Biologie unter besonderer Beru00fccksichtigung der Erfahrungen am kranken Menschen. Den Haag, Nijhoff, 19343. Peters A, McEwen BS, Friston K. Uncertainty and stress: Why it causes diseases and how it is mastered by the brain. Progress in Neurobiology 156:164-188, 20174. Peters A, McEwen BS. Stress habituation, body shape and cardiovascular mortality. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 56:139-150, 20155. Friston K. The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory? Nature Reviews in Neuroscience 11:127-138, 20106. Karatsoreos IN, McEwen BS. Psychobiological allostasis: resistance, resilience and vulnerability. Trends in Cognitive Science 15:576-584, 2011.
Food Components To Enhance Performance
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1994-02-01
Food Components To Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-01 with Medical categories.
The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.
Identification Of Neural Markers Accompanying Memory
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Author : Alfredo Meneses
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-11-23
Identification Of Neural Markers Accompanying Memory written by Alfredo Meneses and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-23 with Psychology categories.
Identification of Neural Markers Accompanying Memory is a fresh and novel volume of memory study, providing up-to-date and comprehensive information for both students and researchers focused on the identification of neural markers accompanying memory. Contributions by experts in specific areas of memory study provide background on and definitions of memory, memory alterations, and the brain areas involved in memory and its related processes, such as consolidation, retrieval, forgetting, amnesia, and antiamnesiac effects. With coverage of the principal neurotransmitters related to memory, brain disorders presenting memory alterations, and available treatments—and with discussion of neural markers as new targets for the treatment of memory alterations—Identification of Neural Markers Accompanying Memory is a necessary and timely work for researchers in this growing field. Discusses the alterations of memory in diverse diseases Includes coverage from a basic introduction of memory investigation Reviews brain areas and neurotransmitters involved in memory Discusses behavioral models of memory Contains novel insights into the complexity of signaling and memory Includes the neuropharmacological and neurobiological bases of memory
Neurotransmitters In Plant Signaling And Communication
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Author : František Baluška
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-20
Neurotransmitters In Plant Signaling And Communication written by František Baluška and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-20 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive update on the recent developments concerning the role of plant neurotransmitters in signaling and communication. Physiological investigations over the past few decades have demonstrated that plants employ neurotransmitters in various signaling pathways. Plant-based neurotransmitters (serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, acetylcholine, and GABA) share biochemical similarities with those in animal systems in terms of their chemical nature and biochemical pathways. Plant–environment interaction associated with abiotic stress management, growth modulation, flowering, circadian rhythm, fruit ripening, and allelopathic interactions are a major focus of research in the field, and recent advances in genomic, trascriptomic, and metabolomic approaches have resulted in the deciphering of the molecular mechanisms associated with various neurotransmitters in plants. Other current and potential areas of investigation include the putative phytohormone phytomelatonin, and receptor-mediated signaling in plant neurotransmitters. Providing an up-to-date overview of molecular crosstalk mechanisms between various neurotransmitters, the book offers essential insights to help readers gain a better understanding of the physiology of plant signaling and communication with the environment.
Neuropsychopharmacotherapy
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Author : Peter Riederer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-04
Neuropsychopharmacotherapy written by Peter Riederer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-04 with Medical categories.
This book provides a reference guide describing the current status of medication in all major psychiatric and neurological indications, together with comparisons of pharmacological treatment strategies in clinical settings in Europe, USA, Japan and China. In addition, it highlights herbal medicine as used in China and Japan, as well as complementary medicine and nutritional aspects. This novel approach offers international readers a global approach in a single dedicated publication and is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparing treatments for psychiatric disorders in three different cultural areas. There are three volumes devoted to Basic Principles and General Aspects, offering a general overview of psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 1); Classes, Drugs and Special Aspects covering the role of psychotropic drugs in the field of psychiatry and neurology (Vol. 2) and Applied Psychopharmacotherapy focusing on applied psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 3). These books are invaluable to psychiatrists, neurologists, neuroscientists, medical practitioners and clinical psychologists.
Glutamate Related Biomarkers In Drug Development For Disorders Of The Nervous System
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-08-05
Glutamate Related Biomarkers In Drug Development For Disorders Of The Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-05 with Medical categories.
Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.