Bilten Na Dru Tvoto Na Matemati Arite I Fizi Arite Od Socijalisti Ka Republika Makedonija
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The Antonines
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Author : Michael Grant
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-05-06
The Antonines written by Michael Grant and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-06 with History categories.
The Antonines - Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus and Commodus - played a crucial part in the development of the Roman empire, controlling its huge machine for half a century of its most testing period. Edward Gibbon observed that the epoch of the Antonines, the 2nd century A.D., was the happiest period the world had ever known. In this lucid, authoritative survey, Michael Grant re-examines Gibbon's statement, and gives his own magisterial account of how the lives of the emperors and the art, literature, architecture and overall social condition under the Antonines represented an `age of transition'. The Antonines is essential reading for anyone who is interested in ancient history, as well as for all students and teachers of the subject.
Political Parties
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Author : Richard Gunther
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2002-03-07
Political Parties written by Richard Gunther and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-07 with Political Science categories.
This book, with contributions from leading scholars in the field, presents a critical overview of much of the recent literature on political parties. It systematically assesses the capacity of existing concepts, typologies, and methodological approaches to deal with contemporary parties. It critically analyses the 'decline of parties' literature both from a conceptual perspective and - with regard to antiparty attitudes among citizens - on the basis of empirical analyses of survey data. It systematically re-examines the underpinnings of rational-choice analyses of electoral competition, as well as the misapplication of standard party models as the 'catch-all party.' Several chapters reexamine existing models of parties and party typologies, particularly with regard to the capacity of commonly used concepts to capture the wide variation among parties that exist in old and new democracies today, and with regard to their ability to deal adequately with the new challenges that parties are facing in rapidly changing political, social and technological environments. In particular, two detailed case studies demonstrate how party models are significant not only as frameworks for scholarly research, but also insofar as they can affect party performance. Other chapters also examine in detail how corruption and party patronage have contributed to party decline, as well as the public attitudes towards parties in several countries. In the aggregate, the various contributions to this volume reject the notion that a 'decline of party' has progressed to such an extent as to threaten the survival of parties as the crucial intermediary actors in modern democracies. The contributing authors argue, however, that parties are facing a new set of sometimes demanding challenges. Not only have parties differed significantly in their ability to successfully meet these challenges, but the core concepts, typologies, party chdels and methodological approaches that have guided research in this area over the past 40 years have met with only mixed success in adequately capturing these recent developments and serving as fruitful frameworks for analysis. This book is intended to remedy some of these shortcomings.
Toward Democracy A Journey
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Author : Robert A. Dahl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Toward Democracy A Journey written by Robert A. Dahl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Democracy categories.
Transition Report 2001
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Author : European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
language : en
Publisher: Stationery Office Books (TSO)
Release Date : 2001
Transition Report 2001 written by European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and has been published by Stationery Office Books (TSO) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
This report focuses upon aspects of energy production, consumption and efficiency within the transition economies of the countries in central eastern Europe and the Baltic states, south-eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. The report is divided into two sections. Part I considers issues of macroeconomic performance and future prospects for growth. Part II contains an analysis of the primary and secondary energy sectors in these countries. The report highlights the challenges facing the energy-rich countries in managing their resources prudently. It discusses key policy issues, such as the need to strengthen governance and transparency in the energy sector, and to increase savings to preserve national wealth for future generations. It also looks at tariff reform as a means of improving energy efficiency, and examines ways of ensuring that the poor do not suffer as a result of tariff adjustments. It highlights the complementary role that private investment in the power sector can play in improving energy efficiency, if accompanied by a strong regulatory framework. The report also contains an assessment of the progress towards transition made by each country, on a range of areas including liberalisation and macroeconomic stabilisation.