Bio Ecology Of Stingless Bees Trigona Iridipennis Smith Hymenoptera Apidae In Gkvk Campus An Overview
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Bio Ecology Of Stingless Bees Trigona Iridipennis Smith Hymenoptera Apidae In Gkvk Campus An Overview
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Author : Roopa A. N
language : en
Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA
Release Date :
Bio Ecology Of Stingless Bees Trigona Iridipennis Smith Hymenoptera Apidae In Gkvk Campus An Overview written by Roopa A. N and has been published by Amazon Publishers, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Education categories.
Stingless bees/Dammer bees are the smallest of the honey producing bees. Trigona and Melipona are the most important geera of stingless bees. Trigona is the largest and most widely distributed genus, which incluse 130 species under ten sub-genera. the present studies were taken with the following objectives 1) to study nesting charateristics, biology and seasonal variations, 2) to study foraging behaviour of Trigona iridipennis Smith in comparison with Apis cerena indica, 3) to identity the major food sources of T. iridipennis and A. cerena, 4) to study pollination potentiality of stinglees bee T. iridipennis on certain crops. The total period required from oviposition to adult emergence was 53.30 days comprising 5.75, 12.70, 35.30 days for egg, larvae and pupal stages, respectively. The length of this period was 2.53 times more than that of A. cerana. The marked adults of T. iridipennis had a life span ranging between 80-87 days. The time spent by different species of honeybees in collection of pollen was maximum at 0800 hrs and for nectar from pistillate and staminate flowers was at 1600 hrs. The flower drop in control plot (89.50 %) was found to be significantly higher over other treatments. Maximum fruit set, fruit weight and fruit volume was recorded in open pollinated plot than T. iridipennis caged and control plots. T. iridipennis contributed for 61.00 per cent fruit set while it was only 10.50 per cent in control plot. The germination percentage was found significantly higher in the seeds of open and T. iridipennis pollinated seeds compared to seeds from control plot.
Nesting Behavior And Habitats Of The Stingless Bee Trigona Iridipennis Smith In Kerala
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Author : Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2016-12-20
Nesting Behavior And Habitats Of The Stingless Bee Trigona Iridipennis Smith In Kerala written by Prem Jose Vazhacharickal and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-20 with Science categories.
Scientific Study from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Miscellaneous, , language: English, abstract: Stingless bees are highly social insects which populated the tropical earth 65 million years ago and have been around much longer than honey bees. They are limited to the tropics and subtropics, lack a venom apparatus and cannot sting. Impacts of anthropogenic influences on honey bees have already been reported. Recent studies also showed that the nesting behaviour of Trigona iridipennis Smith in its natural habitat also varies due to interaction, pheromones and environmental stimulus. Little is reported so far about the various natural and domesticated nesting of the Trigona iridipennis Smith in Kerala. Based on thise background, our objectives of this study were to 1) to characterize the Meliponiculture 2) to identify the various natural habitats and domestication materials for nest construction and different types of nests used across Kerala. Various beekeeping methods preferred by farmers across Kerala for the cultivation of Trigona iridipennis Smith. Each nest has its own advantage and disadvantage. During the survey, the most preferred ones were wooden box. Even then according to the easy availability and production cost different nests like earthen pot, bamboo nodes, coconut shell, PVC pipes etc were used. The most preferred natural nesting sites by Trigona iridipennis Smith were mud/stone walls in our study. Being a social insect, Trigona iridipennis Smith shows great diversity in nesting pattern in natural habitats as well as anthropogenic habitats. The shift towards anthropogenic habitats than natural ones may be due to destruction of natural habitats as well as the availability of manmade habitats.
Swarming Drone Movements Foraging Behavior And Associated Plants Of Stingless Bees Trigona Iridipennis Smith In Kerala
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Author : Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2016-12-29
Swarming Drone Movements Foraging Behavior And Associated Plants Of Stingless Bees Trigona Iridipennis Smith In Kerala written by Prem Jose Vazhacharickal and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-29 with Science categories.
Scientific Study from the year 2014 in the subject Biology - Zoology, , language: English, abstract: Stingless bees are highly social insects which populated the tropical earth 65 million years ago longer than honey bees. They are limited to tropics and subtropics lacking venom apparatus and cannot sting. Impacts of anthropogenic influences on honey bees were already reported. Based on these back ground, the objectives of this study were to 1) to characterize the swarming and drone movements of Trigona iridipennis Smith in Kerala 2) to identify the foraging behaviour, colour preference and various plants associated with Trigona iridipennis Smith for nest construction as well as dietary sources. Feral as well as hived colonies of stingless bees were located and fixed at different parts of Kerala for observations on their foraging activity. Bee traffic was also measured during various timings across a bright sunny day in November 2013 and between colonies. Bee traffic among Trigona iridipennis Smith varied widely among the selected four colonies during various time intervals. In all the colonies bee traffic starts between 6 to 7 am and end by 7 to 7.10 pm. Bee traffic exhibited two peaks. One during 10 to 10.10 am and the other 2 to 3.10 pm. But in colony 4 the picture is different, where the morning peak was 11 to 11.10 am and the afternoon peak was 3 to 3.10 pm. Trigona iridipennis Smith shows great diversity in plant selection for dietary as well as resin sources. The shift towards ornamental plants for foraging may be an adaptation evolved in response to human modification of the environment. The bees collect resin from a variety of sources for building nest, its maintenance and also for defence. Bee traffic is found to be related to time, season, and strength of the colony. The bees preferred white and yellow coloured flowers than pink and red. The study also highlights the various food sources of Trigona iridipennis Smith in Kerala which can be further explored for flourishing melliponiculture.
Occurrence Of A New Type Of Stingless Bee In Kerala Evidence From Morphometric Analysis
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Author : Prem Jose Vazhacharickal
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2016-12-30
Occurrence Of A New Type Of Stingless Bee In Kerala Evidence From Morphometric Analysis written by Prem Jose Vazhacharickal and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-30 with Science categories.
Scientific Study from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Zoology, , language: English, abstract: Stingless bees are limited to tropics and subtropics with diversity in species and share morphological and behaviour patterns. Stingless bees are major pollinators of flowering plants in the tropics and improve crop productivity. Trigona iridipennis Smith were kept in India for centuries for the high medicinal value of honey as well as propolis and bee wax. A wide range of variations, especially worker and drone body size and measurement, were reported. Morphometric and geometric analysis provide a valuable tool for the differentiating variations among various honey bees and stingless bees. Based on these back ground, our objectives of this study were 1) to characterize the morphometric aspects of workers in this reported new species of stingless bees and 2) to identify the various similarities and differences existing based on factor and principal component analysis with Trigona iridipennis Smith. A total of 30 samples of workers were collected and various morphometric characters including head length (HL), head width (HW), proboscis length (PL), distance between two dorsal ocelli/lower intercocular distance (DBO), dorsal ocello-ocular distance (DOOD), antennal length (AL), thorax femur length (TFL), thorax tibia length (TTL), thorax metatarsus length (TML), thorax metatarsus width (TMW), thorax forewing length (TFWL), thorax forewing width (TFWW), pterostigma width (PtStW), pterostigma length (PtStW), hind wing length (HWL), hind wing width (HWW), number of hamuli (HAM), abdominal tergite length (AbTL), abdominal sternum width (AbSW), mandible length (MdL) and mandible width (MdW), head length width ratio (HLW), thorax metatarsus length width ratio (TMLW) and thorax forewing length width ratio (TFWLW) were analyzed. One sample (SS1) showed distinct differences in habitat preference (Laterite rock), appearance (size and colour), behaviour (passive) and nest architecture (narrow round entrance tube, snow white brood, cream white food pots). The present study based on the morphometry of stingless bees across Kerala shows that, in spite of the morphological and behavioural variations exhibited by the bees, members of all samples belong to Trigona iridipennis. But one sample (SS1) shows entirely different morphometric characteristics. It was found that this sample belongs to genus Lisotrigona
The Biology Of Stingless Bees
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Author : Hayo H. W. Velthuis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
The Biology Of Stingless Bees written by Hayo H. W. Velthuis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Stingless bees categories.
Stingless Bees Of Mexico
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Author : JOSE JAVIER G. QUEZADA-EUAN
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-31
Stingless Bees Of Mexico written by JOSE JAVIER G. QUEZADA-EUAN and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-31 with categories.
Economic And Ecological Significance Of Arthropods In Diversified Ecosystems
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Author : Akshay Kumar Chakravarthy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-20
Economic And Ecological Significance Of Arthropods In Diversified Ecosystems written by Akshay Kumar Chakravarthy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-20 with Science categories.
Arthropods are invertebrates that constitute over 90% of the animal kingdom, and their bio-ecology is closely linked with global functioning and survival. Arthropods play an important role in maintaining the health of ecosystems, provide livelihoods and nutrition to human communities, and are important indicators of environmental change. Yet the population trends of several arthropods species show them to be in decline. Arthropods constitute a dominant group with 1.2 million species influencing earth’s biodiversity. Among arthropods, insects are predominant, with ca. 1 million species and having evolved some 350 million years ago. Arthropods are closely associated with living and non-living entities alike, making the ecosystem services they provide crucially important. In order to be effective, plans for the conservation of arthropods and ecosystems should include a mixture of strategies like protecting key habitats and genomic studies to formulate relevant policies for in situ and ex situ conservation. This two-volume book focuses on capturing the essentials of arthropod inventories, biology, and conservation. Further, it seeks to identify the mechanisms by which arthropod populations can be sustained in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and by means of which certain problematic species be managed without producing harmful environmental side-effects. This edited compilation includes chapters contributed by over 80 biologists on a wide range of topics embracing the diversity, distribution, utility and conservation of arthropods and select groups of insect taxa. More importantly, it describes in detail the mechanisms of sustaining arthropod ecosystems, services and populations. It addresses the contribution of modern biological tools such as molecular and genetic techniques regulating gene expression, as well as conventional, indigenous practices in arthropod conservation. The contributors reiterate the importance of documenting and understanding the biology of arthropods from a holistic perspective before addressing conservation issues at large. This book offers a valuable resource for all zoologists, entomologists, ecologists, conservation biologists, policy makers, teachers and students interested in the conservation of biological resources.
Bibliography Of Commonwealth Apiculture
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Author : Commonwealth Secretariat
language : en
Publisher: Commonwealth Secretariat
Release Date : 2005
Bibliography Of Commonwealth Apiculture written by Commonwealth Secretariat and has been published by Commonwealth Secretariat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Bee culture categories.
A bibliography on CD-ROM that lists almost all publications that have been written about bees, bee science, beekeeping, hive products etc, for each Commonwealth country in the tropics.
Trends In Environmental Management
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Trends In Environmental Management written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Environmental management categories.
Pollination Biology
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Author : Dharam P. Abrol
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-10-05
Pollination Biology written by Dharam P. Abrol and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-05 with Science categories.
This book has a wider approach not strictly focused on crop production compared to other books that are strictly oriented towards bees, but has a generalist approach to pollination biology. It also highlights relationships between introduced and wild pollinators and consequences of such introductions on communities of wild pollinating insects. The chapters on biochemical basis of plant-pollination interaction, pollination energetics, climate change and pollinators and pollinators as bioindicators of ecosystem functioning provide a base for future insights into pollination biology. The role of honeybees and wild bees on crop pollination, value of bee pollination, planned honeybee pollination, non-bee pollinators, safety of pollinators, pollination in cages, pollination for hybrid seed production, the problem of diseases, genetically modified plants and bees, the role of bees in improving food security and livelihoods, capacity building and awareness for pollinators are also discussed.