Biotic Stress And Yield Loss
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Biotic Stress And Yield Loss
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Author : Robert K.D. Peterson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-12-28
Biotic Stress And Yield Loss written by Robert K.D. Peterson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-28 with Science categories.
Understanding biotic stress and plant yield allows for the practical development of economic decision making, an instrumental part of Integrated Pest Management. And further, the impact of biotic injury on plant yield bears directly on the basic biological questions of population dynamics, life history strategies, community structure, plant-stresso
Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants
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Author : Alexandre De Oliveira
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-10-23
Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants written by Alexandre De Oliveira and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-23 with Science categories.
Plants are subjected to numerous environmental stresses, which can be classified into two broad areas: abiotic and biotic stresses. While the first is considered the damage done to an organism by other living organisms, the latter occurs as a result of a negative impact of non-living factors on the organisms. In this scenario, the current most accepted opinion of scientists is that both biotic and abiotic factors in nature and agroecosystems are affected by climate change, which may lead to significant crop yield decreases worldwide. We should take into consideration not only this environmental concern but also the fact that 20 years from now the earth's population will need 55% more food than it can produce now. Therefore, it is crucial to address such concerns and bring about possible solutions to future plant stress-related outcomes that might affect global agriculture. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of both biotic and abiotic stresses through 10 chapters that include case studies and literature reviews about these topics. There will be a particular focus on understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes observed in stressed plants as well as the mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in plants.
Abiotic And Biotic Stress
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Author : Melitta Salzwedel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-10
Abiotic And Biotic Stress written by Melitta Salzwedel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10 with categories.
"Environmental stresses play crucial roles in the productivity, survival and reproductive biology of plants as well as crops. Plants are subjected to many forms of environmental stress, which can be included into two broad areas: abiotic and biotic. The non-living variable must influence the environment beyond its normal range of variation to adversely affect the population performance or individual physiology of the organism in a significant way. Whereas a biotic stress would include such living disturbances as fungi or harmful insects, abiotic stress factors, or stressors, are naturally occurring, often intangible, factors such as intense sunlight or wind that may cause harm to the plants and animals in the area affected. Abiotic stress is essentially unavoidable. Abiotic stress affects animals, but plants are especially dependent on environmental factors, so it is particularly constraining. Abiotic stress is the most harmful factor concerning the growth and productivity of crops worldwide. Research has also shown that abiotic stressors are at their most harmful when they occur together, in combinations of abiotic stress factors. Epigenetic regulation is essential for growth and development in eukaryotic organisms and is also responsible for the establishment, maintenance, and reversal of non-genetic cellular memory that records developmental and environmental cues, including those arising from biotic and abiotic stress. Understanding of plant responses in relation with abiotic and biotic stresses is an important issue of concern not only because of yield loss but also because quality and longevity of plants are equally important for some crops not grown for food. In agriculture system loss of yield is taken as the final parameter of plant stress that shows the economic impact of stress. Even in natural systems it is more important to understand the physiology of plants in response to various types of abiotic and biotic stresses. This volume represents a general overview of the major mechanisms developed by plants to tolerate environmental stresses, both abiotic (drought, high temperature, chilling and freezing, UV-B radiation, salinity and heavy metals) and biotic stress which includes physiology of plant-pathogen interaction, various ways through which pathogen invade the host tissues and many others. Clear understanding of physiological interaction of an organism with its environment is necessary to answer how competition, herbivory, and disease affect individual plants, plant processes, plant population and finally crop productivity. Consequently, basic knowledge of plant physiology leads to the foundation of developing plant species that are capable of withstanding stressful environment."
Genomic Designing For Biotic Stress Resistant Oilseed Crops
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Author : Chittaranjan Kole
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-03-18
Genomic Designing For Biotic Stress Resistant Oilseed Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-18 with Science categories.
Biotic stresses cause yield loss of 31-42% in crops in addition to 6-20% during post-harvest stage. Understanding interaction of crop plants to the biotic stresses caused by insects, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and oomycetes, etc. is important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomic-assisted breeding and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in oilseed crops is imperative for addressing FPNEE (food, health, nutrition. energy and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing have facilitated precise information about the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to biotic stresses. The eight chapters each dedicated to an oilseed crop in this volume elucidate on different types of biotic stress agents and their effects on and interaction with the crop plants; enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to biotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; present brief on the classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; depict the success stories of genetic engineering for developing biotic stress resistant varieties; discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying biotic stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; enunciate on different emerging genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery and gene pyramiding for developing resistant crop varieties with higher quantity and quality of yields; and also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating disease and insect resistant crops.
Current Research In Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants
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Author : Thomas Flynn
language : en
Publisher: States Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-11-16
Current Research In Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants written by Thomas Flynn and has been published by States Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-16 with Science categories.
Stresses faced by plants due to changing external environment are classified into abiotic and biotic stress. Biotic stresses occur due to the infestation of plants by various organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, herbivores and nematodes. These agents acts as parasites and deprive plants of their nutrients. Abiotic stresses include salination of water, drought, floods, desertification and extreme weather conditions. To combat these situations, plants undergo various biological changes such as altered generation, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, etc. Across the world, these stresses are responsible for loss of harvest and decreased crop yield. Increasing scarcity of water and changing weather patterns are predicted to increase stresses in plants. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of abiotic and biotic stress in plants. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in it. This book is a vital tool for all researching or studying abiotic and biotic stresses in plants as it gives incredible insights into emerging trends and concepts.
Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants
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Author : Arun Shanker
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-02-17
Abiotic And Biotic Stress In Plants written by Arun Shanker and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The impact of global climate change on crop production has emerged as a major research priority during the past decade. Understanding abiotic stress factors such as temperature and drought tolerance and biotic stress tolerance traits such as insect pest and pathogen resistance in combination with high yield in plants is of paramount importance to counter climate change related adverse effects on the productivity of crops. In this multi-authored book, we present synthesis of information for developing strategies to combat plant stress. Our effort here is to present a judicious mixture of basic as well as applied research outlooks so as to interest workers in all areas of plant science. We trust that the information covered in this book would bridge the much-researched area of stress in plants with the much-needed information for evolving climate-ready crop cultivars to ensure food security in the future.
Abiotic Biotic Stress Management In Plants
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Author : Bhav Kumar Sinha
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-04-21
Abiotic Biotic Stress Management In Plants written by Bhav Kumar Sinha and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-21 with Science categories.
This book deals with an array of topics in the broad area of abiotic stress responses in plants focusing “problems and their management” by selecting some of the widely investigated themes. Such as, Cell signalling in Plants during abiotic and biotic stress, Salinity stress induced metabolic changes and its management, High temperature stress: responses, mechanism and management, Low temperature stress induced changes in plants and their management, Biotechnological approaches to improve abiotic stress tolerance, Nutritional poverty in wheat under abiotic stress scenario, Strategies for improving soil health under current climate change scenario, Abiotic stress management in Pulse crops, Mitigation strategies of abiotic stress in fruit crops, Impacts of abiotic stress and possible management option in vegetable crops, and Abiotic stress: impact and management in ornamental crops. This book is useful for under-graduate and post-graduate students in Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, agronomy, horticulture, Botany, Environmental sciences and other cognate disciplines of agriculture and allied sciences and other research workers. We fervently believe that this book will provide good information and understanding of abiotic stress problems and their management in plants. Note: T& F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. This title is co-published with NIPA.
Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances In Higher Plants
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Author : N.K. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2023-10-03
Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerances In Higher Plants written by N.K. Gupta and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-03 with Science categories.
In the last 50 years, classical breeding has played a significant role in achieving higher crop productivity, but major crops have reached a plateau in their yield potential. Therefore, the current focus for sustainable intensification of agriculture is the use of biotechnological approaches to enhance the yield potential by combating the yield losses that occur due to abiotic stresses. The abiotic stresses are governed by multigenes, and therefore, a holistic approach is needed to get success in imparting stress tolerance to enhance the yield potential of our crops. Plants face multiple stress conditions during their life stages and adopt several physiological, biochemical, and molecular strategies to combat that, which are sometimes not sufficient to survive, particularly crop plants. The climate change era has created a need to understand the abiotic stresses in a holistic way. Therefore, a deep understanding of multiple abiotic stress mechanisms is necessary to develop crops tolerant to climate fluctuation. With this background, the outline of this book covers the following features: • Agriculture sustainability and molecular understanding of multiple stress tolerance • Systems biology for life-history strategies, conventional and genomic approaches above and underground • Genetic resources and molecular understanding of seed priming • Molecular signaling compounds, cell signal transduction, and crosstalk between plant growth hormones and regulators • Roles Transcription factors, LEA proteins, reactive oxygen species and alternative oxidase • Genome editing, metabolomics, and ‘omics’ technologies
Abiotic Stress
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Author : Annabella Ferro
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2014
Abiotic Stress written by Annabella Ferro and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Crops categories.
Stress may be defined as any negative effect or condition that a living organism may suffer. Abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, high and low temperatures, ozone, heavy metals, low concentration of nutrients in degraded soils, can cause deleterious effects in almost all phonological plant stages, from germination to full plant development. It has been estimated that 70% of the crop yield loss can be attributed to abiotic stresses, especially drought. It is known that plants respond readily when challenged by abiotic stresses by the modified regulation of many genes. This is a manifold response consisting of transcriptional and translational mechanisms that allow the adaptation of plants to many unfavourable environments. This book discusses the regulation of abiotic stress responses in plants; the structural aspects and functional regulation of late embryogenesis abundant genes and proteins conferring abiotic stress tolerance in plants; and dehydration responsive element binding transcription factors.
Biotic And Abiotic Stress Responses In Crop Plants
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Author : Thomas Dresselhaus
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2019-01-16
Biotic And Abiotic Stress Responses In Crop Plants written by Thomas Dresselhaus and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-16 with Biology (General) categories.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses in Crop Plants" that was published in Agronomy