Buying Used Products For Remanufacturing
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Buying Used Products For Remanufacturing
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Author : Jochen Gönsch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Buying Used Products For Remanufacturing written by Jochen Gönsch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Product reclamation is a critical process in remanufacturing. It is generally assumed in the literature that customers simply want to get rid of their used products without expecting any compensation for them. Some authors have only recently started looking into firms that offer a posted (fixed) price for them. Following recent reports suggesting that customers are increasingly open to bargaining, we compare using a posted price and bargaining to obtain used products. In our analysis, we consider an original manufacturer acting as a monopolist as well as a manufacturer and an independent remanufacturer acting in a duopoly. We analytically show that bargaining is always beneficial to the monopoly manufacturer. In the duopoly case, we distinguish a Cournot competition and a market with the manufacturer as Stackelberg leader. The results of a numerical study show that both firms will use posted pricing in the Cournot competition, especially if bargaining is not costless. By contrast, the remanufacturer can significantly increase his profit by using negotiations if he is the Stackelberg follower.
A Note On A Model To Evaluate Acquisition Price And Quantity Of Used Products For Remanufacturing
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Author : Jochen Gönsch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
A Note On A Model To Evaluate Acquisition Price And Quantity Of Used Products For Remanufacturing written by Jochen Gönsch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Pokharel and Liang [2012. A model to evaluate acquisition price and quantity of used products for remanufacturing. International Journal of Production Economics 138, 170-176] considered a consolidation center that buys used products of different quality levels and sells them together with spare parts to a remanufacturer. The consolidation center's decision problem is to determine the acquisition price to offer for used products and the quantities of spare parts to buy. In this paper, comments on their work are given. It is shown that following Pokharel and Liang's original assumptions, the problem has a trivial solution. We then consider an alternative assumption where supply is uniform and depends on the acquisition price. For this setting, an efficient solution algorithm and numerical examples are provided. In a second model, additional assumptions are relaxed, allowing the consolidation center more flexibility. As expected, this further decreases cost.
Warranty And Preventive Maintenance For Remanufactured Products
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Author : Ammar Y. Alqahtani
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-12-12
Warranty And Preventive Maintenance For Remanufactured Products written by Ammar Y. Alqahtani and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-12 with Business & Economics categories.
The exponential increase in the development of technology coupled with the customers’ immense desire to possess the newest technological products makes for truncated product lifespans, which instigates a substantial upsurge in their rate of disposal. Attempts have been made to establish specialized product recovery facilities with the intention of diminishing the volume of accumulated waste delivered to landfills using product recovery procedure such as remanufacturing. The economic benefits produced by remanufacturing also portray the role of product recovery in a more attractive light. The quality of a remanufactured product is uncertain for some consumers. Therefore, these consumers possess insecurities in deciding whether or not the remanufactured products will render the same expected performance. This ambiguity regarding a remanufactured product could possibly result in the consumer deciding against its purchase. With such consumer apprehension, remanufacturers often seek market mechanisms that provide reassurance as to the stable durability that these products still maintain. One strategy that the remanufacturers often use is the utilization of the premise of offering product warranties with preventive maintenance on their products. This book is concerned with the practice and theory of warranty management and preventive maintenance, particularly in relation to remanufactured products’ warranties. Models developed in this book can be used for making the right decisions in offering renewable, nonrenewable, one and two dimensional warranty policies, and for managerial decision in considering maintenance contracts or outsourcing maintenance for remanufactured components and products. Features Discusses a variety of warranty policies and preventive maintenance of remanufactured products (first book to do so) Presents mathematical models and applications for warranty policies using examples and simulation results Considers cost and optimization problems from the remanufacturer's and buyer's points of views Provides a foundation for academicians interested in building models in the area of warranty and preventive maintenance analysis of remanufactured products Offers the essential methodology needed by practitioners involved with warranty and preventive maintenance analysis, along with extensive references for further research
Remanufacturing And Remanufacturability Assessment For The Circular Economy
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Author : Yang Shanshan
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-12-02
Remanufacturing And Remanufacturability Assessment For The Circular Economy written by Yang Shanshan and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents decision support tools that can be used in the early design stage to analyze the feasibility of a product and its components for remanufacturing. It also covers how to design a product specifically for remanufacturing and offers supporting case studies. This is a comprehensive solutions guide for remanufacturing decision-making. The book illustrates an approach that can be used at the product End-of-Life (EOL) stage to generate optimized recovery plans for the returned products. Opportunities for Industry 4.0 to support remanufacturing along with case studies are included to showcase the decision-making tools. Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment for the Circular Economy: A Solutions Guide will be of interest to practitioners, business professionals, and researchers that work in the industrial and manufacturing sectors. Those involved with supply chain management and advanced technologies associated with Industry 4.0, sustainability, and integrated techniques of circular supply chains will also find this book very useful.
Remanufacturing In The Circular Economy
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Author : Nabil Nasr
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-10-16
Remanufacturing In The Circular Economy written by Nabil Nasr and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Economic growth and rising levels of consumption in developing and developed countries has been observed as being deeply coupled with natural resource usage and material consumption. The increasing need for natural resources has raised concerns regarding issues such as resource scarcity, undesirable environmental impacts due to material extraction, primary production, and suboptimal product disposal, and social or political tensions. Product End-of-Life (EoL) options, such as reusing or recycling, attempt to limit or reduce the amount of waste sent to a landfill, providing strategic means to decouple the link between economic growth and resource usage. These EoL options have the potential to close material loops, further utilizing wastes as resources, reducing environmental impacts, conserving natural resources, reducing material prices, and providing job opportunities in developing countries. Remanufacturing, on the other hand, is a unique EoL option due to increasing the number of life cycles of a product before final disposal. First, recurring environmental benefits, such as emission and raw material extraction avoidance are obtained with each additional product life cycle. Second, individual resource efficiency yields increase through product remanufacture. Resource efficiency or, using more with less will continue to compound with each additional life cycle. Third, recirculating products decreases the demand and dependency for primary resource production, further closing the material loop and creating a more circular economy. In addition, remanufacturing can initiate more preferable EoL options such as recovery, recycling, and waste reduction. While remanufacturing offers numerous benefits, there is significant lack of literature and books covering the fundamentals of operations, technologies and business models. The proposed book will provide in-depth coverage of remanufacturing fundamentals and its strong link to circular economy and resource efficiency.
Product And Process Design For Successful Remanufacturing
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Author : Erik Sundin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Product And Process Design For Successful Remanufacturing written by Erik Sundin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Remanufacturing categories.
Remanufacturing Initiation For Original Equipment Manufacturers
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Author : Johan Vogt Duberg
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2024-04-29
Remanufacturing Initiation For Original Equipment Manufacturers written by Johan Vogt Duberg and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-29 with categories.
Remanufacturing is an industrial process in which a core – a used, discarded, or broken product – is transformed into a product with a like-new specification and condition. However, to this date, remanufacturing activities on the market are few compared to manufacturing. There are several types of remanufacturers; the least common type is the original equipment remanufacturer, an original equipment manufacturer that not only manufactures new products but also remanufactures cores of its own products. Remanufacturing is potentially becoming a more widely used industrial process for original equipment manufacturers, and increased remanufacturing activities can positively contribute to the environment. The contribution comes from a reduction of raw material and energy consumption compared to manufacturing. Therefore, remanufacturing has the potential to decouple environmental impact from economic growth, thus contributing to more sustainable societies. However, assessing the benefits of remanufacturing does not directly correlate to growth within the remanufacturing industry. To encapsulate the environmental, social, and economic benefits of remanufacturing, manufacturers need to be aware of how remanufacturing can be initiated and implemented in practice. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to develop support measures for original equipment manufacturers to initiate profitable remanufacturing. This research takes a stand in case study and transdisciplinary research where the initiation of profitable remanufacturing is studied at two original equipment manufacturers. The research study developed knowledge of how remanufacturing could be incorporated into existing operations at original equipment manufacturers. In parallel, financial assessments based on cost-benefit analysis were built to measure how well the case companies could perform remanufacturing. For the case study research, seven remanufacturing scenarios were developed, ranging from centralised remanufacturing performed by the original equipment manufacturer to decentralised performed at multiple locations using a retail network. Which scenario is preferable depends on, for example, risk-consciousness, cooperation between actors, and volume targets. However, given ideal circumstances, remanufacturing in-house in a centralised scenario was shown to be the most beneficial for the investigated original equipment manufacturer since the fewer middle hands and economies of scale also potentially enable lower costs. For the transdisciplinary research, the remanufacturing initiation was business model-centric, meaning that the remanufacturing system was a consequence of a decision for a specific business model. Here, a scenario-based analysis was developed to understand under which circumstances the business model with remanufacturing was more lucrative for the provider – the original equipment manufacturer – and less costly for the users – the customers. For this, a systematic assessment approach was developed consisting of three steps: (1) provide a cost overview for each business model, (2) create scenarios by modifying the cost drivers, and (3) combine scenarios to reach synergetic effects. Based on the case study, two sets of four prerequisites for initiating remanufacturing were derived. These are divided into essential and supporting prerequisites and illustrated through a framework called the Remanufacturing Rocket. The essential prerequisites highlight fundamental requirements to perform remanufacturing. Should one of these four factors be missing, remanufacturing cannot be successfully initiated. The supporting prerequisites are valuable to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the process, such as through streamlined operations, organisational change, or information exchange. Hence, to reach the fullest potential of remanufacturing, both the essential and the supporting prerequisites are needed. Furthermore, the area of financial assessments was explored in a systematic literature review to identify insights for developing such assessments tailored for individual original equipment manufacturers in initiating remanufacturing. For this, six perspectives for framing financial assessments are proposed. These cover the system boundaries for the assessments as well as the individual needs and visions of original equipment manufacturers. Additionally, a framework was developed to select financial assessment models for remanufacturing initiations based on ease of use and capability to handle complex datasets. Conclusively, it is proposed to apply the prerequisites for initiating remanufacturing together with a financial assessment in an iterative manner to investigate the profitability for original equipment manufacturers to initiate remanufacturing. The essential prerequisites influence the first iteration of the financial assessment, which then contributes to refinements of how the essential prerequisites should be aligned in an economically preferable way. Once satisfactory, another iterative process could be initiated between the supporting prerequisites and the financial assessment. By using the proposed approach, the prospects of profitable remanufacturing could be thoroughly investigated before attempting to initiate a process in practice, thus reducing the number of resources spent in vain. Additionally, the iterative process was integrated into a 5-step Approach For Initiating Remanufacturing (5AFIR) to guide original equipment manufacturers towards initiating profitable remanufacturing. Refabrikation (oder Wiederaufbereitung, engl. Remanufacturing) ist ein industrieller Prozess, bei dem ein Altteil – ein gebrauchtes, ausrangiertes, verschlissenes oder defektes Produkt – gemäß den Herstellerspezifikationen in einen neuwertigen Zustand gebracht wird. Heutzutage macht Refabrikation allerdings nur einen kleinen Teil der Fertigungsindustrie aus. Verschiedene Arten von Unternehmen betreiben Refabrikation, wobei Originalgerätehersteller, sogenannte OEMs (engl. für Original Equipment Manufacturer), am seltensten sind. Solche OEMs betreiben neben Produktion auch eine Wiederaufbereitung ihrer eigenen Produkte. Refabrikation kann sowohl ökologische als auch ökonomische Vorteile bringen und hat somit grundsätzlich hohes Marktpotential. Der geringere Rohstoff- und Energieverbrauch von Refabrikation im Vergleich zu Neuproduktion ist ein Beispiel für ökologischen Vorteil. Refabrikation ermöglicht außerdem, negative Umweltauswirkungen durch Produktion und Wirtschaftswachstum voneinander unabhängig zu machen und trägt somit zu nachhaltigem Wachstum bei. Allerdings hängt der Nutzen von Refabrikation nicht direkt mit dem Wachstum innerhalb der Refabrikationsbranche zusammen. Um die ökologischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Vorteile nutzen zu können, müssen Hersteller Kompetenz zur praktischen Umsetzung von Refabrikation aufbauen. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist daher die Entwicklung von Unterstützungsmaßnahmen und -konzepten für OEMs, die zu profitabler Refabrikation führen. Diese Arbeit basiert auf einer Fallstudie und auf transdisziplinärer Forschung, bei der die Einführung von profitabler Refabrikation bei zwei OEMs untersucht wurde. Die Fallstudie lieferte Erkenntnisse darüber, wie Refabrikation in bestehende Abläufe bei OEMs integriert werden kann. Außerdem wurden finanzielle Bewertungskriterien auf der Grundlage einer Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse erstellt, um messen zu können, wie erfolgreich die untersuchten Unternehmen Refabrikation implementieren könnten. Für die Fallstudie wurden sieben Refabrikationsszenarien entwickelt, die von zentraler Refabrikation durch das OEM bis zu dezentraler Refabrikation an mehreren Standorten durch ein Netzwerk von Niederlassungen reichen. Welches der Szenarien vorzuziehen ist, hängt beispielsweise vom Risikobewusstsein, der Zusammenarbeit der Akteure und den angestrebten Stückzahlen ab. Unter idealen Umständen erwies sich die unternehmensinterne Refabrikation mit zentralisierter Struktur als das vorteilhafteste Szenario. Für die untersuchten OEMs führten weniger Zwischenhändler und Größenvorteile zu geringeren Kosten. In der transdisziplinären Forschung dieser Dissertation wurde davon ausgegangen, dass das Refabrikationssystem aus der Entscheidung für ein bestimmtes Geschäftsmodell folgt. Basierend auf verschiedenen Szenarien wurde analysiert, unter welchen Umständen das Geschäftsmodell inklusive Refabrikation für den Anbieter (OEM) lukrativer und für die Anwender (Kunden) kostengünstiger war. Hierzu wurde ein systematisches Bewertungsschema entwickelt, das aus drei Schritten besteht: (1) Bereitstellung einer Kostenübersicht für jedes Geschäftsmodell, (2) Erstellung von Szenarien durch Modifikation der Kostentreiber und (3) Kombination von Szenarien, um Synergieeffekte zu erzielen. Anforderungen für die Einführung von Refabrikation wurden auf Basis der Fallstudie abgeleitet. Diese sind in vier essentielle und vier unterstützende Anforderungen eingeteilt und werden durch ein Modell namens Refabrikationsrakete veranschaulicht. Die essentiellen Anforderungen sind grundlegend für die Durchführung von Refabrikation. Ist eine dieser vier Anforderungen nicht erfüllt, kann Refabrikation nicht erfolgreich umgesetzt werden. Die unterstützenden Anforderungen steigern die Effektivität und Effizienz des Einführungsprozesses, beispielsweise durch optimierte Abläufe, organisatorische Änderungen oder Informationsaustausch. Um das volle Potenzial von Refabrikation auszuschöpfen, müssen sowohl die essentiellen als auch die unterstützenden Anforderungen erfüllt werden. Wirtschaftliche Bewertungskriterien wurden im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturrecherche betrachtet. Ziel der Recherche war es, Erkenntnisse für die Entwicklung solcher Bewertungskriterien zu erlangen. Die Kriterien sollen dabei auf einzelne OEMs und die Einführung von Refabrikation zugeschnitten sein. In dieser Arbeit werden sechs Ansätze für die Entwicklung wirtschaftlicher Bewertungskriterien vorgeschlagen. Diese Ansätze behandeln sowohl Systemgrenzen für die Bewertungskriterien als auch individuelle Bedürfnisse und Ziele der OEM. Darüber hinaus wurde ein Rahmenwerk entwickelt, um wirtschaftliche Bewertungskriterien auf Basis ihrer Benutzerfreundlichkeit und ihrer Fähigkeit zur Bewältigung komplexer Datenmengen auszuwählen. Abschließend wird vorgeschlagen, die Anforderungen für die Einführung von Refabrikation zusammen mit einer wirtschaftlichen Bewertung iterativ zu prüfen, um die Rentabilität von Refabrikation für OEMs zu analysieren. Die essentiellen Anforderungen beeinflussen die erste Iterationsschleife der wirtschaftlichen Bewertung. In dieser ersten Schleife wird verfeinert, wie die Grundanforderungen wirtschaftlich sinnvoll kombiniert werden können. Es folgt eine zweite Iterationsschleife zwischen den unterstützenden Anforderungen und der finanziellen Bewertung. Mit diesem Vorgehen kann das Potential einer rentablen Refabrikation gründlich untersucht werden bevor mit der Realisierung begonnen wird. Dadurch können eventuell erfolglose Einführungsversuche vermieden und vergeblich aufgewendete Ressourcen reduziert werden. Der iterative Prozess wurde in einen 5-stufigen Modell zur Einführung von Refabrikation (5AFIR) zusammengefasst. Återtillverkning är en industriell process där en stomme – en använd, uttjänt eller trasig produkt – omformas till en produkt vars specifikation och kvalitet motsvarar nyskick. Idag utgör återtillverkning endast en liten del av den totala tillverkningsindustrin. Det finns flera typer av återtillverkare; den ovanligaste är originaltillverkande återtillverkare, det vill säga, ett tillverkande företag som även återtillverkar sina egna produkter. Genom den låga grad av återtillverkning bland originaltillverkare idag finns det utrymme för att verka för en ökning. En sådan ökning kan bidra till miljömässiga fördelar genom att mängden råmaterial och energi reduceras jämfört med nytillverkning. Det finns därför en möjlighet för återtillverkning att bidra till en frikoppling av miljömässig påverkan från ekonomisk tillväxt, vilket i sin tur bidrar till ett mer hållbart samhälle. Fast att endast värdera nyttan av återtillverkning leder inte direkt till en tillväxt inom återtillverkningsindustrin. För att omfamna de miljömässiga, sociala och ekonomiska nyttor som återtillverkning kan bidra med måste originaltillverkare vara medvetna om hur återtillverkning kan initieras och implementeras i praktiken på ett ekonomiskt lönsamt sätt. Denna doktorsavhandlings syfte är därför att utveckla stöd för originaltillverkare att initiera lönsam återtillverkning. Forskningen utgår från en fallstudie och transdisciplinär forskningsmetodik där initieringen av lönsam återtillverkning studeras vid två originaltillverkare. Den utförda forskningen utvecklade kunskap om hur återtillverkning kan integrerats i en originaltillverkares befintliga verksamhet. Parallellt med detta utvecklades ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder för att tillhandahålla ett mått på hur väl fallföretagen skulle kunna utföra återtillverkning. För fallstudien utvecklades det sju återtillverkningsscenarion som sträcker sig från centraliserad återtillverkning, som utförs av originaltillverkaren, till decentraliserad, som utförs vid flertalet platser inom ett återförsäljarnätverk. Vilket scenario som var mest fördelaktigt berodde exempelvis på riskmedvetenhet, samarbete mellan aktörer, och tillverkningsvolym. Men givet ideala förhållanden visades det att centraliserad återtillverkning vore potentiellt mest fördelaktigt för fallföretaget, eftersom färre mellanhänder och stordriftsfördelar möjliggör lägre kostnader. För det andra fallföretagets initieringen av återtillverkning vid tillämpning av den transdisciplinära forskningsmetodiken var det ett affärsmodellsfokus, vilket innebar att återtillverkningssystemet var en konsekvens av ett beslut för en viss affärsmodell. I denna del av forskningen utvecklades en scenariobaserad analysmetod för att förstå under vilka förhållanden som affärsmodellen tillsammans med återtillverkning vore mer lukrativt för företaget – originaltillverkaren – och mindre kostsamt för användaren – kunden. För detta utvecklades en systematisk ansats för ekonomiska utvärderingar bestående av tre steg: (1) tillhandahåll en kostnadsöverblick för varje affärsmodell, (2) skapa scenarion genom att modifiera kostnadsdrivarna, och (3) kombinera scenarion för att uppnå synergieffekter. Med utgångspunkt i fallstudien utvecklades även faktorer för att forma krav för hur originaltillverkare kan initiera återtillverkning. Dessa faktorer delas upp i grundläggande och stödjande kravställningar, och de bygger tillsammans upp ett ramverk benämnt Återtillverkningsraketen. De grundläggande kravställningarna lyfter fram elementära krav vid utförandet av återtillverkning och om en av de fyra skulle saknas kan återtillverkning inte utföras på ett framgångsrikt sätt. De stödjande kravställningarna är av värde för att förbättra återtillverkningseffektiviteten genom exempelvis bekymmersfritt utförande av processer, organisationsförändringar, eller informationsutbyten. Därigenom, för att nå den fulla potentialen av återtillverkning, behövs både de grundläggande och de stödjande kravställningarna. Dessutom utforskades området för ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder i en systematisk litteraturgenomgång för att identifiera insikter för att utveckla sådana metoder skräddarsydda för individuella originaltillverkare som initierar återtillverkning. För ändamålet föreslås sex perspektiv för att forma ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder. Dessa täcker såväl systemgränserna för utvärderingarna som individuella behov och visioner hos originaltillverkare. För att vidare stödja företagen utvecklades ett ramverk för att välja ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder för initieringar av återtillverkning baserat på användarvänlighet och förmåga att hantera komplexa datamängder. Slutligen föreslås det att tillämpa de framtagna kravställningarna tillsammans med ekonomisk utvärdering genom att iterativt undersöka möjligheterna för hur återtillverkning kan initieras för originaltillverkare. De grundläggande kravställningarna influerar upplägget för den första iterationen av den ekonomiska utvärderingen, vilken i sin tur nyttjas för att förfina hur de grundläggande kravställningarna kan läggas samman på ett ekonomiskt fördelaktigt sätt. När en godtagbar nivå uppnåtts kan ytterligare en iterativ process utföras mellan de stödjande kravställningarna och den ekonomiska värderingen. Genom att tillämpa det föreslagna tillvägagångssättet kan möjligheterna för återtillverkning undersökas på en detaljerad nivå innan initieringsförsök i praktiken, och såldes kan mängden slösade resurser minskas. Utöver detta integrerades det iterativa tillvägagångssättet med en 5-stegsansats för initiering av återtillverkning (5AFIR).
Sustainability In Remanufacturing Operations
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Author : Paulina Golinska-Dawson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-04
Sustainability In Remanufacturing Operations written by Paulina Golinska-Dawson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The present customers’ consumption models result in an increasing number of used products that need to be collected and reused or disposed. Remanufacturing is a favourable scenario in order to recover the end-of-use products. It allows to capture substantial part of the resources which were used in the primary production at lower cost, providing economic, environmental and social benefits. The book presents the methods, models, case studies for improvement of sustainability in remanufacturing facilities. The focus is on small- and medium-sized enterprises and their challenges to meet resource-efficiency goal.
Closed Loop Supply Chains
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Author : Mark E. Ferguson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2010-04-21
Closed Loop Supply Chains written by Mark E. Ferguson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Closed-loop supply chain activities such as remanufacturing, recycling, dismantling for spare parts, and reverse logistics have helped many companies tap into new revenue streams by finding secondary markets for their products, all while reducing their overall carbon footprint. Written by academic experts, in language that is accessible to practitioners, this authoritative resource examines recent research and case studies of companies running profitable reuse/remanufacture operations in various industries. It illustrates profitable practices in returned and recovered products, clearly explaining how to: design a reverse logistics network, conduct production planning, implement effective marketing strategies, and apply closed-loop supply chain strategies in industries besides manufacturing. From product development to materials to assembly and profitability, this complete resource explores the impact of these processes across all aspects of the supply chain.
Remanufacturing Modeling And Analysis
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Author : Mehmet Ali Ilgin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-19
Remanufacturing Modeling And Analysis written by Mehmet Ali Ilgin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Business & Economics categories.
New, Now, Next. Consumers' ever growing appetite to acquire new products and their short courtship with them has kept manufacturers busy not only expending resources at an alarming rate, but also depleting these resources and giving rise to waste and pollution at a correspondingly increasing and disturbing rate. Traditional manufacturing methods th