By Land Sea Or Air A Comparative Analysis Of Cartel Smuggling Strategies Drugs And Cocaine Subs Panga Go Fast Boats And Container Vessels Cars Big Rigs And Tunnels Human Mule Packers

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By Land Sea Or Air A Comparative Analysis Of Cartel Smuggling Strategies Drugs And Cocaine Subs Panga Go Fast Boats And Container Vessels Cars Big Rigs And Tunnels Human Mule Packers

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Author : U. S. Military
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2018-08-05

By Land Sea Or Air A Comparative Analysis Of Cartel Smuggling Strategies Drugs And Cocaine Subs Panga Go Fast Boats And Container Vessels Cars Big Rigs And Tunnels Human Mule Packers written by U. S. Military and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-05 with Political Science categories.

Cartels are known for their innovative smuggling techniques, across land, sea, or air, which allow them to clandestinely transport drugs across any point of entry into the United States. With this in mind, it is worth asking: why do cartels choose a certain drug smuggling technique over another, which domain is more commonly used and potentially more successful, and what sorts of structural changes would it take to shift from one method or domain to another? When seeking answers, there are several things to take into consideration: law enforcement is limited in funding, personnel, and assets, which creates endless smuggling opportunities for cartels. Additionally, cartels exploit weak law enforcement and judicial systems, as well as corrupt officials in several countries throughout South and Central America and the Caribbean. Even though cartels sometimes fail, their persistence and motivation are what cause them to be successful. The last consideration is money, which is the main driving factor that causes cartels to switch from one domain to another, or from one method to another. The end result stands firm: cartels benefit most and are more successful using methods in the land domain, specifically tunnels. I. INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. How Has Smuggling Evolved? * 2. The Research on Land Drug Smuggling * 3. Maritime Drug Smuggling * 4. Air Drug Smuggling * 5. Debate on Which Domain Is More Successful or Most Efficient * C. THEORY * D. RESEARCH DESIGN * II. THE LAND DOMAIN OF DRUG SMUGGLING * A. THE RISKS OF DRUG TRAFFICKING ENFORCEMENT: ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INSTITUTIONS * B. HISTORICAL METHODS OF LAND SMUGGLING * C. THE BENEFITS OF CURRENT METHODS OF LAND SMUGGLING * D. SEEING LIKE A CARTEL: THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF LAND SMUGGLING * 1. Potential Profit via Personal Vehicles * 2. Big Rigs and Big Profits? * 3. The Underground World of Smuggling * 4. The Human Mule Packers and Drug Enforcement * E. ESTIMATING COCAINE FLOWS THROUGH OVERLAND ROUTES * F. ANALYSIS * G. CONCLUSION * III. THE SEA DOMAIN OF DRUG SMUGGLING * A. DRUG TRAFFICKING ENFORCEMENT ON THE HIGH SEAS: ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INSTITUTIONS * B. HISTORICAL METHODS OF MARITIME SMUGGLING * C. THE BENEFITS OF CURRENT METHODS OF MARITIME SMUGGLING * D. SEEING LIKE A CARTEL: THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF MARITIME SMUGGLING * 1. Profit on the Horizon? * 2. Fast Boats and Fast Profits * 3. What is in the Box? Container Shipments and Drug Trafficking * E. ESTIMATING COCAINE FLOW THROUGH MARITIME ROUTES * F. ANALYSIS * G. CONCLUSION * IV. THE AIR DOMAIN OF DRUG SMUGGLING * A. DRUG TRAFFICKING ENFORCEMENT IN THE AIR: ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INSTITUTIONS * B. HISTORICAL METHODS OF AIR SMUGGLING * C. THE BENEFITS OF CURRENT METHODS OF AIR SMUGGLING * D. SEEING LIKE A CARTEL: THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF AIR SMUGGLING * 1. Invasion of the Ultralight * 2. Drones: Vehicles of the Future? Or Short Lived Test Platform? * 3. Private Jets to Ghost Fleet * E. ESTIMATING COCAINE FLOW THROUGH AIR SMUGGLING ROUTES * F. ANALYSIS * G. CONCLUSION * V. CONCLUSION * A. SIGNIFICANCE * 1. Why Should the United States Government Care about This Research? * 2. Why Should the United States Military Care about This Research? * 3. Why Should United States Citizens Care about This Research? * 4. Why Should the International Community Care about This Research? * 5. Why Should We as Academics Care about This Research? * B. OVERALL ANALYSIS * C. CAUSES OF SHIFTS IN DOMAIN OR METHOD * D. POLICY ISSUES * E. WHAT ABOUT THE FUTURE?

Antifascisms

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Author : David Ward
language : en
Publisher: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press
Release Date : 1996

Antifascisms written by David Ward and has been published by Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with History categories.

This book is an in-depth analysis of three of the most crucial years in twentieth-century Italian history, the years 1943-46. After more than two decades of a Fascist regime and a disastrous war experience during which Italy changed sides, these years saw the laying of the political and cultural foundations for what has since become known as Italy's First Republic. Drawing on texts from the literature, film, journalism, and political debate of the period, Antifascisms offers a thorough survey of the personalities and positions that informed the decisions taken in this crucial phase of modern Italian history.

Smuggler Nation

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Author : Peter Andreas
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-16

Smuggler Nation written by Peter Andreas and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-16 with History categories.

America is a smuggler nation. Our long history of illicit imports has ranged from West Indies molasses and Dutch gunpowder in the 18th century, to British industrial technologies and African slaves in the 19th century, to French condoms and Canadian booze in the early 20th century, to Mexican workers and Colombian cocaine in the modern era. Contraband capitalism, it turns out, has been an integral part of American capitalism. Providing a sweeping narrative history from colonial times to the present, Smuggler Nation is the first book to retell the story of America--and of its engagement with its neighbors and the rest of the world--as a series of highly contentious battles over clandestine commerce. As Peter Andreas demonstrates in this provocative and fascinating account, smuggling has played a pivotal and too often overlooked role in America's birth, westward expansion, and economic development, while anti-smuggling campaigns have dramatically enhanced the federal government's policing powers. The great irony, Andreas tells us, is that a country that was born and grew up through smuggling is today the world's leading anti-smuggling crusader. In tracing America's long and often tortuous relationship with the murky underworld of smuggling, Andreas provides a much-needed antidote to today's hyperbolic depictions of out-of-control borders and growing global crime threats. Urgent calls by politicians and pundits to regain control of the nation's borders suffer from a severe case of historical amnesia, nostalgically implying that they were ever actually under control. This is pure mythology, says Andreas. For better and for worse, America's borders have always been highly porous. Far from being a new and unprecedented danger to America, the illicit underside of globalization is actually an old American tradition. As Andreas shows, it goes back not just decades but centuries. And its impact has been decidedly double-edged, not only subverting U.S. laws but also helping to fuel America's evolution from a remote British colony to the world's pre-eminent superpower.

Maritime Security

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Author : Michael McNicholas
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2016-03-19

Maritime Security written by Michael McNicholas and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-19 with Business & Economics categories.

Maritime Security: An Introduction, Second Edition, provides practical, experience-based, and proven knowledge - and a "how-to-guide" - on maritime security. McNicholas explains in clear language how commercial seaports and vessels function; what threats currently exist; what security policies, procedures, systems, and measures must be implemented to mitigate these threats; and how to conduct ship and port security assessments and plans. Whether the problem is weapons of mass destruction or cargo theft, Maritime Security provides invaluable guidance for the professionals who protect our shipping and ports. New chapters focus on whole government maritime security, UN legal conventions and frameworks, transnational crime, and migration. Updates throughout will provide the latest information in increasingly important field. Provides an excellent introduction to issues facing this critical transportation channel Three all-new chapters, and updated throughout to reflect changes in maritime security Increased coverage of migration issues and transnational crime New contributors bring legal security and cybersecurity issues to the fore

M Rida Initiative For Mexico And Central America

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Author : Clare Ribando Seelke
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-11

M Rida Initiative For Mexico And Central America written by Clare Ribando Seelke and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11 with History categories.

On Oct. 22, 2007, the U.S. and Mexico announced the Mérida Initiative (MI), a package of U.S. counter-drug and anti-crime assistance for Mexico and Central America that would begin in FY 2008 and last through FY 2010. Contents of this report: (1) Introduction; (2) Development of the MI; (3) Funding the MI: FY 2008-10: Mexico; Central America; The Caribbean; (4) Other MI Legislation in the 111th Congress; (5) Status of Implementation; (6) Policy Issues: Is MI the Right Drug Control Approach?; Monitoring Progress; Interagency Coordination; Role of the DoD; U.S. Pledges Under the MI; Mexico Policy Issues; (7) Beyond the MI: The FY 2011 Request: U.S.-Mexican Security Cooperation. Illustrations.

Abc

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Author : Bonnie Zavell
language : en
Publisher: Honey Bear Books
Release Date : 1992

Abc written by Bonnie Zavell and has been published by Honey Bear Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.

ABC's, First Words, Numbers and Shapes, Colors and Opposites including a special note to parents. Children will enjoy hours of learning fun in each 32-page bi-lingual book. All four books are designed specifically to teach and reinforce basic concepts for preschool through early elementary school children.

Central America Regional Security Initiative

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Author : Peter J. Meyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Central America Regional Security Initiative written by Peter J. Meyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

This report examines the extent of the security problems in Central America, the current efforts being undertaken by Central American governments to address them, and U.S. support for Central American efforts through the Central America Regional Security Initiative. It also raises potential policy issues for congressional consideration such as funding levels, human rights concerns, and how CARSI relates to other U.S. government policies.

Transnational Organized Crime In Central America And The Caribbean

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Transnational Organized Crime In Central America And The Caribbean written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Organized crime categories.

This report is one of several studies conducted by UNODC on organized crime threats around the world. These studies describe what is known about the mechanics of contraband trafficking - the what, who, how, and how much of illicit flows - and discuss their potential impact on governance and development. Their primary role is diagnostic, but they also explore the implications of these findings for policy. Publisher's note.

The Latin American Drug Trade

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Author : Peter Chalk
language : en
Publisher: RAND Corporation
Release Date : 2011-05-04

The Latin American Drug Trade written by Peter Chalk and has been published by RAND Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-04 with History categories.

Transnational crime remains a particularly serious problem in Latin America, with most issues connected to the drug trade. There are several relevant roles that the U.S. Air Force can and should play in boosting Mexico's capacity to counter drug production and trafficking, as well as further honing and adjusting its wider counternarcotics effort in Latin America.

Type Typo

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Omair Nazir
Release Date :

Type Typo written by and has been published by Omair Nazir this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.